science folio form 2 (nutrition)
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SMK ST COLUMBA
Class : 2D5
Name : Song Peng Jun
Partners Name : I) Brain Chai
II) Bong Shin Yi
Introduction1) Food is the source of energy for all living things.2) The importance of food includes :-
i) build healthy bodyii) repairs & replace damages tissue iii) build new cellsiv) for growthv) warm the bodyvi) provides energy for carrying out works
Objective
Information
Class of food
Food can be classified into 7 class of food
Carbohydrate Protein Fat Vitamins Minerals Water Fibre
A. Carbohydrates- Made up of the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.- Main source of energy.- 2 types of carbohydrates:-
simple carbohydrates : sugar compels carbohydrates : starch, fibre
- Excess carbohydrates are stored as fats in our body.
Rice Potato Bread
Tapioca Banana
B. Proteins- Made up of the elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen.- Our body mainly made up of protein.- Make up of a large number of subunits called amino acids.- Main substance needed for the growth of new cell and repair the
damage or injured tissues.- Used to make up cells, tissue, and organs.- During extreme saturation, protein becomes the source of energy.
Fish Milk Meat Egg Nuts
C. Fat- Made out of the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.- Consists of smaller units of fatty acids combined with glycerol.- Vegetables facts: liquid form (oil).- Animal’s facts: solid form.- Contains twice as much energy as carbohydrate.- Stored under the skin or around organs in our body.
Plam Oil Coconut oil Egg york Fish Oil
Butter
Note: Most of the oil & butter that we eat contains fat
..
D. Vitamins- Organic compound those are vital for healthy growth.- Required in small quantities.- Two kinds of vitamins :-
fat-soluble (A, D, E and K) water-soluble (B and C)
- Does not provide any energy.- Inefficient intake of vitamins will cause vitamins deficiency.- If someone does have enough of particular vitamins, they suffer from a
deficiency disease.
Vitamins Source Function DeficiencyA carrot, liver,
fish, liver oil and green vegetable
For night vision Healthy Skin
Night blindness Skin infections
B egg, milk, meat, yeast and cereals
Releases energy from carbohydrates
Healthy nervous system Healthy skin Formation of red blood cells
Beriberi Anaemia
C fresh fruits and vegetable
Healing of wounds Resistance to disease
Scurvy (bleeding gums)
D made by our body in sun light (sun light), also fund in milk, eggs, fish liver oil
Strong bones and teeth
Rickets (soft bones and dental decay)
E vegetable oil, whole grains, nuts and wheat germ
May be needed for reproduction Helps to fight against disease
Sterility
K made in human intestines, also, found in eggyork and green vegetable
Clothing of blood Prolonged bleeding
Food show in this page and next page is the food contain Vitamin
Carrot, fish liver oil and green vegetable contain high Vitamin A
Egg, milk, meat, yeast are contain high Vitamin B
Fruits And green vegetables is contain high Vitamin C
Milk, eggs, fish liver oil contains high Vitamins D. Also made by our body in sun light.
vegetable oil, whole grains, nuts and wheat germ contain high Vitamin E
Eggyork and green vegetable contain high Vitamin K. Also made in human intestines.
E. Minerals- Inorganic substances needed by our body for healthy growth and.
development.- Like vitamins :-
vital for good health required in small quantities does not provide any energy
- Excess minerals are excreted through sweet and urine.- Human obtain there minerals through food and drinks.- Lack of minerals will lead to minerals deficiency.
Minerals Source Function Deficiency disease
Calcium Cheese, milk, egg, green vegetable
Strong bones and teeth Blood clotting Muscle and nerve activities
Rickets Osteoporosis Prolonged Muscle cramps
Sodium Table salt, Cheese, meat
Maintain body fluid Proper functioning of nerve
Muscle cramps
Iron Meat, egg, green vegetable
Needed to form haemoglobin in red blood cells Anemia
Iodine Seafood, iodised salts
Needed to make hormones of the thyroid gland
Goitre (swelling of the thyroid gland in the neck)
Phosphorus Egg, meat, milk, cheese, vegetables
Strong bones and teeth Muscle contraction Stores energy
Rickets Weakness
Potassium Meat, nuts, bananas
Maintain body fluid Proper functioning of nerves
Weak muscles Paralysis
Food show in this page and next page is the food contain Minerals
Cheeses, milk, egg, green vegetable contain high calcium.
Table salt, cheese, meat contains high sodium.
Meat, egg, green vegetable contain high iron.
Seafood, iodised salts contains high Iodine.
Egg, meat, milk, cheese, vegetables contain high phosphorus.
Meat, nuts, bananas contain high potassium.
F. Water - About 70% of our body is made up of water.- Main component for our blood and body fluid.- Function of water :-
Water helps to dissolve and transport digested foods, gases, and horunones.
Solvent for many chemical. Forming a medium for chemical reactions.
Helps to regulate our body temperature. Waste substance such as salt and urea are passed from our body
in water.- Not provide any energy at all.
G. Fibre (Roughage)- Made up from cellulose from plant cell wall.- Fruits and vegetable are the main source of fibre.- Cannot be digested by our body.- Fibre absorbs water easily so that our faeces remain soft and can pass
from our body easily.- Fibre can prevent constipation.
Vegetables//Fruits
ConclusionMen need foods to get nutrient for life.
When a man didn’t get enough of carbohydrates a few days, protein and fat will becomes the main of energy.
Men cannot life without energy (nutrient).
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