scottish english work

SCOTTISH ENGLISH

1

NOT TO BE CONFUSED

2

3

WHAT IS SCOTTISH ENGLISH?

All the varieties of English spoken in Scotland:

• Standard Scottish English

• Highland English

Distinct pronunciation, grammar, expressions

and vocabulary.

Scottish Standard English:

Formal Variety – The characteristic speech of the

professional class and the accepted norm in schools.

Influenced by Scots.

Highland English:

Spoken in Scottish Highlands and the Hebrides

Influenced by Gaelic

In Canada: Bungi Creole:

Spoken in Manitoba, Canada by Scottish immigrants

4

SCOTTISH ENGLISH DIALECTS

Scottish Standard English:

• Formal Variety – The characteristic speech of the professional class

and the accepted norm in schools.

• Influenced by Scots.

Highland English:

• Spoken in Scottish Highlands and the Hebrides

• Influenced by Gaelic

In Canada: Bungi Creole:

• Spoken in Manitoba, Canada by Scottish immigrants

5

SCOTTISH ENGLISH PHONOLOGY

Scottish English is a rhotic accent, meaning the /r/ is pronounced.

• While other dialects have merged /e/, /ɪ/, /ʌ/ before /r/, Scottish English makes a distinction between the vowels

in herd, bird, and curd.

• EARTH (RP) (SE)

• Many varieties contrast /o/ and /ɔ/ before /r/ so that hoarse and horse are pronounced differently.

• CORN (RP) (SE)

• “or” and “ur” are contrasted so that shore and sure are pronounced differently, as are pour and poor.

• SORE

• /r/ before /l/,/m/ and /n/ is strong. As well as /r/ between /l/ and /m/.

Lack of the wine–whine merger. This means that Scottish English speakers differentiate between voiceless /hw/

and voiced /w/.

• WASH (RP) (SE)

• WHAT (RP) (SE)

The phoneme /x/ is common and it is often taught to incomers, particularly for "ch" in loch or Pitlochry.

• FOUR

6

SCOTTISH ENGLISH PHONOLOGY

/l/ is usually velarized

• LONG (RP) (SE)

/p/, /t/ and /k/ are not aspirated.

Certain vowels (such as /i/, /u/, and /æ/) are generally long but are

shortened before nasals and voiced plosives.

• MOON

• NEEDLE

Scottish English has no /ʊ/, instead transferring Scots /u/

• GOOD

• GOOSE

There is no /æ/-/ɑː/ distinction; therefore, bath, ash, and lamb have

the same vowel.

• LAMB

• ASH

• BATH

The Y sound is most commonly /e/ (as in face), but may also be /ɪ/

(as in kit) or /i/ (as in fleece)

• HOLY (RP) (SE)

/θs/ is often used in plural nouns where southern English has /ðz/

(baths, youths,etc.)

They “drop the –g” in the suffix –ing

• THING

/ɪ/ may be have different realizations such as [ë̞], [ɛ], [ɪ], [ə] or [ʌ]

after /w/ and /hw/

• IN (RP) (SSE) (EDIMBURGH) (ATRIM)

7

HIGHLAND ENGLISH PHONOLOGY

Voiceless stops /p t k/ are preaspirated.

• They become /hp/ /ht/ /hk/ or /hx/

Voiced consonants tend to be de-voiced.

• Whatever: [whateffer]

• Just: [chust]

English /z/ may be realised as [s]

• Jesus: [chisas]

“SH” sound in English “rst” clusters

• Firts: [firsht]

Realisation of /w/ as /u/

• Swansea: [suansi]

Use of Gaelic ‘helping vowel’

• Film: [fillum]

The Gaelic Gasp

H-dropping

8

SCOTTISH INTONATION

http://www.fonetiks.org/engsou7sc.html

http://www.fonetiks.org/engsou6sc.html

9

Scotticisms are idioms or expressions that are characteristics of Scots, especially when used in English.

SCOTTICISMS

“Oh yes, just now”

10

SCOTTISH ENGLISH VOCABULARY

Wee: small

Bairn: child

Bonnie: pretty, attractive

Braw: fine, brilliant

Muckle: big

Pinkie: little finger

Kirk: church

-ie to indicate smallness: laddie or lassie

How?: Why?

• How no?: Why not?

SCOTTISH SLANG

This is a video recorded by a Scottish girl. She talksabout the most common words among Scottish youngpeople.

11

RIVER CITY

It is a TV show based in Glasgow and intendedfor Scottish audiences.

12

PRINCE CHARLES delivers BBC Scotland weather forecast

This is an example of

Scottish Standard

English, as used by His

Highness Prince

Charles of Wales

13

SINGERS

Annie Lennox Lulu

Susan Boyle Lacey Chabert Rod Stewart

Amy Mcdonald

14

POLITICIANS, PHILOSOPHERS & OTHERS

Gordon BrownTony Blair

Henry Bell Alexander Graham-Bell

David HumeAdam Smith

Alexander Fleming

15

ACTORS

Ewan McGregor Sean Connery Gerard Butler Heath Ledger Tilda Swinton

Mike Myers Kyle MacLachlan John Barrowman

John HannahKelly McdonaldRobert CarlyleMeghan OryTom Selleck

16

WRITER

Irvine Welsh

17