secure parking
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IN THE NAME OF ALLAH THE MOST BENEFICIALAND THE MOST MERCIFUL
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PROJECT REPORT
“Secure Parking System”
A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED AS PARTIAL
FULFILLMENTOF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF
BACHELOR OF SCIENCES IN COMPUTER SYSTEM ENGINEERING
(BSC COMPUTER SYSTEM ENGINEER)
UNDERTAKEN BY
Zain Mehdi 2011-COE-13
Kaleem-ullah 2011-COE-18
Amber Ayub 2011-COE-21
SUPERVISED BY
ENGR.Usman Humayun
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING
BAHAUDDIN ZAKARIYA UNIVERSITY MULTAN
PAKISTAN
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DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY,
BAHAUDDIN ZAKARIYA UNIVERSITY, MULTAN
C E R T I F I C A T E
This is to certify that thesis/project submitted by the group members has
been found satisfactory, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
degree of BSc (Computer Engineering).
Group Members:
Zain Mehdi 2011-COE-13
Kaleem-ullah 2011-COE-18
Amber Ayub 2011-COE-21
SUPERVISED BY........................................................
ENGR.Usman Humayun
External Examiner
…………………………………………..
Head of Department ………………………………………….. ENGR.Usman Humayun
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DEDICATION
To the sign of love,
Our Respected Teacher
Engr. Usman Humayun
And
Our Parents
Whose
Precious prayers and frankness,
Enable us to complete successfully
Our present work.
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Thanks to ALLAH the one and only who enabled us to complete our project and we
are also in-debited to Holy Prophet (PBUH) whose life is a living example for every
Muslim.
Thanks to our loving Parents, family and friends who encouraged us in every
despair moment and enabled us to face the challenges of this project with brave heart.
Our acknowledgment is due to people for their help in the completion of this project.
Especially, our Supervisor Engr. Usman Humayun whose commitment and guidingmethod really helped us to get up whenever We fall during the project and accepted
the idea to pursue this project as a final year project. Thanks to all the teachers of our
department who helped us in our project. Without their help we cannot complete our
project.
Finally, Congratulations to my dearest family members who encouraged me
throughout my life. Their support is valuable for me to stay at Computer Engineering
Department BZU, Multan.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PROJECT REPORT ...................................................................................................... 2
C E R T I F I C A T E .................................................................................................... 3
DEDICATION ............................................................................................................... 4
ACKNOWLEDGMENT................................................................................................ 5
LIST OF ACRONYMS ............................................................................................... 12
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................... 133
CHAPTER 1 SECURE PARKING SYSTEM............................................................. 14
INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 14
1.1 SECURE PARKING SYSTEM ........................................................................... 16
1.2 Types of Parking System ....................................................................................... 16
1.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ..................................................................... 18
1.4 THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY ........................................................................ 20
1.5 IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY ...................................................................... 21
1.6 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY......................................................................... 22
CHAPTER 2 SECURE PARKING OVERVIEW ....................................................... 23
2.1 Airport parking Overview ...................................................................................... 24
2.2 PARKING GUIDANCE INFORMATION SYSTEM .......................................... 25
2.2.1 PGI SYSTEM EVALUATION .......................................................................... 25
2.3 ECONOMICS OF PARKING ............................................................................... 26
2.4 PARKING PAYMENT ......................................................................................... 26
Chapter 3 SOFTWARE TOOLS ................................................................................. 27
MICROSOFT VISUAL STUDIO ............................................................................... 28
3.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 28
3.2 Getting Started ....................................................................................................... 29
3.2.1 Integrated Development Environment (IDE) ...................................................... 29
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3.2.2 Create New Project ............................................................................................. 30
3.2.3 Solution Explorer ................................................................................................ 31
3.2.4 Toolbox ............................................................................................................... 32
3.2.5 Code Window ..................................................................................................... 33
3.2.6 Properties window .............................................................................................. 33
3.2.7 Build Tools.......................................................................................................... 34
3.2.8 Debug Menu: ...................................................................................................... 35
3.2.9 Start ..................................................................................................................... 36
3.2.10 MAIN PAGE: ................................................................................................... 37
3.3 Check_In Button .................................................................................................... 38
3.4 Check_out Button .................................................................................................. 40
3.5 Show Data Button .................................................................................................. 42
3.6 Add New User........................................................................................................ 42
3.6.1 Save Button ......................................................................................................... 43
3.6.2 Delete Button ...................................................................................................... 44
3.6.3 Reset Customer Database ................................................................................... 44
3.6.4 Reset Employee Database ................................................................................... 45
3.6.5 Reset LOGIN_IF Database ................................................................................. 46
3.6.6 Show Employee INFO ........................................................................................ 47
3.6.7 Show Login INFO............................................................................................... 48
3.6.8 Go-back ............................................................................................................... 48
3.7 Reporter.................................................................................................................. 49
3.7.1 Total Money Received ........................................................................................ 49
3.7.2 NO of Cars Parked .............................................................................................. 50
3.7.3 Get Report ........................................................................................................... 50
3.8 About...................................................................................................................... 51
3.9 Sign Out ................................................................................................................. 51
DATABASE IN VISUAL STUDIO (SERVICE BASED DATABASE) ................... 52
3.10 NAME OF THE DATABASE............................................................................. 52
3.11 Create a table........................................................................................................ 53
3.12 Create the Primary Key ........................................................................................ 53
3.13 Tables Structure ................................................................................................... 53
3.14 Create the rest of your columns ........................................................................... 53
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3.15 To Create a SQL Server Express Database .......................................................... 54
3.16 Save your table:.................................................................................................... 66
3.17 Implemented coding in the project: ..................................................................... 67
CHAPTER 4 HARDWARE TOOLS ........................................................................ 68
4.1 Barcode Reader ...................................................................................................... 69
4.2 Barcode readers and scanners ................................................................................ 70
4.3 History.................................................................................................................... 71
4.4 Types of Barcode Reader ....................................................................................... 71
4.5 Working of Barcode Reader ................................................................................ 74
4.6 BARCODE READER FUNCTIONAL PARTS ................................................... 75
4.7 Benefits of Barcode Reader ................................................................................... 77
4.8 The Original Barcode Scanners ............................................................................ 79
4.9 Barcode Uses ........................................................................................................ 80
4.10 Some Traditional Barcodes: ................................................................................. 83
REFRENCES ............................................................................................................... 84
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1 Main Window ................................................................................................. 37
Table 2 Before Check-In Button .................................................................................. 38
Table 3 After Check-In Button .................................................................................... 39
Table 4 Before Check_Out Button .............................................................................. 40
Table 5 After Check_Out Button ................................................................................. 41
Table 6 After Check_Out Button Yes .......................................................................... 41
Table 7 Show Data Button ........................................................................................... 42
Table 8 Data Save Window ......................................................................................... 43
Table 9 Delete Data Window ....................................................................................... 44
Table 10 Before Reset Customer Database Window ................................................... 44
Table 11 After Reset Customer Database Window ..................................................... 45
Table 12 Before Reset Employee Database ................................................................. 45
Table 13 After Reset Employee Database ................................................................... 46
Table 14 Before Reset LOGIN_IF Database ............................................................... 46
Table 15 After Reset LOGIN_IF Database ................................................................ 46
Table 16 Employee INFO ............................................................................................ 47
Table 17 Show Login INFO ........................................................................................ 48
Table 18 Go back Window .......................................................................................... 48
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 traditional and automated parking .............................................. 17
Figure 2 State of the Problem ................................................................... 19
Figure 3 Airport parking overview ........................................................... 24
Figure 4 Economics of Parking Overview ............................................... 26
Figure 5 Map shows price category relative to parking ........................... 26
Figure 6 Visual Studio Window .............................................................. 28
Figure 7 Starting Visual Studio Window ................................................. 29
Figure 8 New Project Window ................................................................... 30
Figure 9 Solution Explorer Window ........................................................ 31
Figure 10 Tool-Box Window ................................................................... 32
Figure 11 Secure Parking Window ........................................................... 32
Figure 12 Code Window ........................................................................... 33
Figure 13 Properties window .................................................................... 33Figure 14 Build Tools Window ................................................................ 34
Figure 15 Debug Window ........................................................................ 35
Figure 16 LOGIN Window ...................................................................... 36
Figure 17 Add New User Window ........................................................... 42
Figure 18 Save Window ........................................................................... 43
Figure 19 Report Window ........................................................................ 49Figure 20 Money Received Window ........................................................ 49
Figure 21 No of cars parked ..................................................................... 50
Figure 22 Project Window ........................................................................ 54
Figure 23 Add database window .............................................................. 55
Figure 24 Solution B1 Window ................................................................ 55
Figure 25 Open Database ......................................................................... 56
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Figure 26 NEWQ.mdf Window................................................................ 57
Figure 27 Add new Table Window .......................................................... 57
Figure 28 Properties Window ................................................................... 60
Figure 29 Is Identity Properties Setting .................................................... 61
Figure 30 Server Explorer Window.......................................................... 64
Figure 31 Open Table Data ...................................................................... 65
Figure 32 save table window .................................................................... 66
Figure 33 Barcode Reader1 ...................................................................... 69
Figure 34 Barcode Reader2 ...................................................................... 70
Figure 35 Wand Scanner .......................................................................... 71
Figure 36 Slot Scanner ............................................................................. 72
Figure 37 CCD scanner ............................................................................ 72
Figure 38 Camera Reader ......................................................................... 73
Figure 39 Laser Scanner .......................................................................... 73
Figure 40 Working Mechanism of a Barcode Reader .............................. 74
Figure 41 Single Point LED ..................................................................... 75Figure 42 Orginal Barcode ....................................................................... 79
Figure 43 BARCODE SYMBOLOGY .................................................... 81
Figure 44 Traditional Barcodes ................................................................ 83
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LIST OF ACRONYMS
SPS Secure Parking System
SQL Structured Query Language
PGI Parking Guidance Information
MVS Microsoft Visual Studio
BCR Bar-Code Reader
IDE INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT ENVIRMENT
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ABSTRACT
Due to the increasing number of vehicles on the roads, traffic problems always
Exist. The current unmanaged car parks and transportation facilities make it
difficult to accommodate the increasing number of vehicles in a proper,
Convenient manner so it is necessary to have a car parking management system
in big car parks. This study is aimed at analyzing a car parking management system.
This system allocates available parking space to a given driver to park their
Vehicle, renews the availability of the parking space when the car leaves and
Computes the charges due. Implementing this system will increase parking
Utilization. The system does this by providing more efficient and effective parking
Enforcement.
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CHAPTER 1
SECURE PARKING SYSTEM
INTRODUCTION
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INTRODUCTION
Due to tremendous advancement in technology the prices of vehicles are now
economical to have it. But in comparison with this in cities there is shortage of
parking zones and because of this everybody tries to park his vehicle properly, which
creates chaos at parking place. Therefore in today’s fast growing technological world,
regulation of parking is very important issue. With the growing number of vehicles
and the consequent shortage of parking space, there is haphazard and totally
unregulated parking of vehicles all over and there is all big issue of security. Thus this
situation calls out for secure parking system that not only guideline in parking in
given area but also keeps their car Secure.
To provide to the need, here we present a miniature model of a secure car parking
system that set number of cars that can be entered in secure parked in an area at any
given time based on the parking space availability. The entry and exit point of
vehicles are same and both time for security purpose issued barcode are checked.
Status signals indicate whether space is currently available in the parking lot, and
whether a car is currently in the process of entering or leaving the parking space. Oursystem also guides the driver by indicating which parking slot is issued to park your
vehicles at any given time. This feature saves the time of parking and also fuel.
This chapter will provide the overview of the project title, its background and the
problems statement. In addition, this chapter will also discussed the objectives of the
project implementation, the scope of works to be done and the limitations that have
been encountered upon the completion of this project.
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1.1 SECURE PARKING SYSTEM
A Secure Parking system is such a parking system which provide you security of
your vehicle. In Secure parking system, our system provide two barcode card forsecurity purpose of vehicles. If you are permanent member of our system then our
system provide permanent card and card provided by the technical desk and when you
entered in secure parking system then our system check issued barcode card and if
you are visitor then our system check visitor barcode at both entry and exit time. In
almost every major cities and airport in the world, parking is expensive and limited
and also there is big issue of security. Inconsistent flow of information from parking
guidance information systems in the busiest cities and airports usually creates alongqueue of line during car entry and exit. The main purpose for this thesis is to provide a
secure car parking system using C# in Visual Studio and a hardware tool Barcode
Reader. The implementation and a probabilistic analysis of the application are
presented as well. The graphical user interface and the optimization of the
functionality of the application can facilitate the secure and swift parking mechanism.
1.2 Types of Parking System
There are two types of car parking systems: traditional and automated. In the long
term, automated car parking systems are likely to be more cost effective when
compared to traditional parking garages. Automatic multi-story automated car park
systems are less expensive per parking slot, since they tend to require less building
volume and less ground area than a conventional facility with the same capacity. Both
automated car parking systems and automated parking garage systems
reduce pollution — cars are not running or circling around while drivers look for
parking spaces. Now a days car parking has been one of the major problems inurban areas have been confronting with. For example in Karachi, Lahore city number
of cars are increasing day by day. But the parking lots or parking areas are not
increasing proportionally and also there is no secure system for car parking. As a
reason traffic jam is getting severe and the overall traffic condition is deteriorating.
This calls for multi-story car parking system which can be extremely beneficial in
this situation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ground_area&action=edit&redlink=1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ground_area&action=edit&redlink=1
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A multi-story car-park (also called a parking garage, parking structure, parking ramp,
parkade, parking building or parking deck) is a building designed for car parking and
where there are a number of floors or levels on which parking takes place. It is
essentially a stacked car park. Many car parks are independent buildings dedicated
exclusively to that use.
Figure 1 traditional and automated parking
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1.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Today there is big issue of security of vehicles. People parked their car but when they
comeback after their jobs are done then their car are theft. So they face much more
difficult problems to find out their car. So we decide make a project which provide
you security of your vehicles. People parked their Vehicles in our Secure parking
system and freely they go to their jobs. Their vehicles are secure and nobody can theft
their Vehicles. Secure Parking System facilities has become a huge problem. There is
lack of secure parking system for parking Vehicles due to increased unplanned
housings in many places of the capital. There has been increase in the number ofvehicles, but without sufficient parking spaces. Such growing number of small
vehicles especially motorcycles and micro buses have created mess in the city
including the increase in traffic jam. Another challenge due to the increased number
of vehicles is undisciplined driving, which created obstacle for the traffic management
system in Pakistan. To improve all these, there is a need to create such system which
provide the solution of these problems.
Customers often choose the parking service in order to reduce their cost. Parkingfacilities at airports usually use state-of-the-art technology. If a PGI system is
implemented at the airport, this system can only display the number of vacant lots and
the direction to the lots. The system cannot provide information about the exact
location, the price rate, other alternatives and free space in advance. This information
is only visible when the driver approaches the parking lots.
Another major drawback is the time it takes to find a vacant lot, especially in peak
hours. A study (Park study 2011) showed that 86 % of drivers face difficulty finding a
parking space. Finding space during peak hours can take more than 10 minutes for
more than 66% of the visitors. During rush hour drivers mostly park their car an
improper way, a car may be parked in such way that it occupies two parking lots
rather than one. Improper parking happens when a driver is not careful about another
derivers’ rights. The driver may notice his/her improper parking after leaving his car.
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Figure 2 State of the Problem
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1.4 THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The basic purpose of the work is to investigate and to design a system that can
provide a solution to the long existing problem. The main objectives can be
summarized as to develop a system that capable to show the solution of parking
security difficulties. It is also aimed to develop a system that can save the time and
cost by introducing Barcode Reader technology that can utilize its input and Output to
the fullest and to offer the parking owner a sophisticated yet a great Solution to their
problem. Finally, with this project it is intended to provide Knowledge on how
programmable Barcode Reader works after being programmed by using C# Language
and to understand the ability of a small Device to perform multitask.
To ensure that car parking is provided in accordance with the State Planning Policy
Framework and Local Planning Policy Framework. To ensure the provision of an
appropriate number of car parking spaces having regard to the demand likely to be
generated, the activities on the land and the nature of the locality. To support
sustainable transport alternatives to the motor car. To promote the efficient use of car
parking spaces through the consolidation of car parking facilities. To ensure that car
parking does not adversely affect the amenity of the locality. To ensure that the designand location of car parking is of a high standard, creates a safe environment for users
and enables easy and efficient use.
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1.5 IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY
The importance of this project is to provide Secure Parking System for car and other
vehicle. It also provide data of people which enter in our secure parking system and
their data also use for military purpose. The study of this project also provide many
advantages which we will discuss below.
1. Possible Block are avoided:
In the rush hour, long traffic block always appear at the gates. To cut down such
redundancy, the system must be escalated.
2. It makes management easy:
Once Secure Parking System designed is complete, the building can have a fully
integrated central management system through a teamwork.
3. It saves time:
Clients can easily and efficiently enter or leave secure parking.
4. It offers better service:
Secure Parking System offers all services so that the customer confidentiality may be
maintained.
5. It provides precise monitoring:
The secure parking system clearly indicates all the required information and the
integrity that contain the check-in date the check-out date the name of the employee
that parked the car the name of the person that the car belong to, his cnic and
Car-no.
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1.6 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
The following are the limitations of the study:
1. Our system is focusing on the management of the parking vehicles that enter or
leave the parking lot.
2. The extra hardware needed such as the boomer the automated door and the light
signs are the optional behavior extending our system
3. The main feature of our secure parking management system is the most
economical automated system ever produced with all the functionalities.
4. The designed system cannot fully display the digital map of the parking lot. Or
direct the customers to his parking location instead of this we used color badges
for the distinction of the parking places of the cars.
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CHAPTER 2SECURE PARKING OVERVIEW
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2.1 Airport parking Overview
Parking lots which are located outside the airport boundary are known as "off-airport
parking". Even though these parking lots are outside the airport boundaries, it is worth
checking the transfer time in order to be punctual at the airport. Fortunately if the
drivers are willing to travel a bit further from the terminal, they can park in there and
can save money and time.
Figure 3 Airport parking overview
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2.2 PARKING GUIDANCE INFORMATION SYSTEM
A Parking Guidance Information System (PGI) presents dynamic information on parking in controlled areas. The system is combined with traffic monitoring,
processing, and changeable message signs in order to provide the service. Searching a
vacant space at the airport without a relevant information is a major cause of
conjunction and pollution during rush hours. The role of a Parking Guidance
Information System is to reduce the parking search traffic in large parking facilities
by directing drivers to car parks where occupancy levels are low. The PGI indicates
the number of available parking lot of a particular parking zone, thus giving the total
number of empty spaces in the specified parking zone. However, the system does not
Fully display all the necessary information in a full scale, for example the PGI does
not tell the driver where exactly to park the car.
2.2.1 PGI SYSTEM EVALUATION
In recent years, excessive parking search time has been identified as a significant
contributor to airport congestion and as an important influence in destination choice.
Recent studies of parking behavior have found that parking search time can constitute
up to 25% of the average total travel time, and it usually takes about 1.5 to 2 times the
value of the driving time.
It reduced search time by allocating drivers to the appropriate facility is about 25%.
To some extent diverting drivers away from an attempt to park on-street is only
indicated by a single arrow to the parking zone. It is quite sophisticated to allocate the
exact position. Reducing queuing is not quite moderate if the system is compared with
the design desktop application
.
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2.3 ECONOMICS OF PARKING
The dynamic change of parking facility affects the economic affiliations of the sector.Airport parking is the most congested parking place for motor vehicle as well as time-
consuming and expensive. The following trend diagram shows how airport parking
affects the investment return cost in aviation and non-aviation portfolio.
Figure 4 Economics of Parking Overview
2.4 PARKING PAYMENT
Parking payments are usually made through inserting a coin into the cash dispatch
machine or using a card when upon exit. In this thesis proposal, the drivers can pay a
parking fee manually, e.g. credit card or cash. Once the, the driver can have a chance
to get a seasonal membership so that she/he has reduced parking fee. The driver can
get the tickets from the system tickets and parking fees paid offices.
Figure 5 Map shows price category relative to parking
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Chapter 3
SOFTWARE TOOLS
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MICROSOFT VISUAL STUDIO
3.1 Introduction
Microsoft Visual Studio is an integrated development environment (IDE) from
Microsoft. It can be used to develop console and graphical user interface applications
along with Windows Forms applications, web sites, web applications, and web
services in both native code together with managed code for all platforms supported
by Microsoft Windows, Windows Phone, Windows CE, .NET Framework, .NET
Compact Framework and Microsoft Silverlight. Visual Studio 2013 is a tool-rich
programming environment containing the functionality that you need to create large
or small C# projects running on Windows 7, Windows 8, and Windows 8.1. You can
even construct projects that seamlessly combine modules written in different
programming languages such as c#, C++, Visual Basic, and F#. First, you will open
the Visual Studio 2013 programming environment and learn how to create a windows
form application.
Figure 6 Visual Studio Window
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3.2 Getting Started
Now we start to use Microsoft Visual Studio.
3.2.1 Integrated Development Environment (IDE)
The Visual Studio product family shares a single integrated development environment(IDE) that is composed of several elements: the Menu bar, Standard toolbar, varioustool windows docked or auto-hidden on the left, bottom, and right sides, as well as theeditor space. The tool windows, menus, and toolbars available depend on the type of
project or file you are working in. Below we see the Visual Studio IDE (IntegratedDevelopment Environment): First time when you open visual studio then it look likeas
Figure 3.2.1 Visual studio Window
Figure 7 Starting Visual Studio Window
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3.2.2 Create New Project
The first thing you do when you want to create a new application is to create a new project. This can be done from the Start Page or from the File menu:
Figure 8 New Project Window
Then the “New Project” window appears: In this window you will select an appropriate template based on what kind ofapplication you want to create, and a name and location for your project and solution.The most common applications are:
We work on window from aplication using c# and create multiple forms.We alsocreate sql database on visual studio using database serviced application.
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3.2.3 Solution Explorer
Solutions and projects contain items that represent the references, data connections,
folders, and files that you need to create your application. A solution container can
contain multiple projects and a project container typically contains multiple items.
Figure 9 Solution Explorer Window
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3.2.4 Toolbox
The Toolbox contains all the necessary controls, etc. you need to create your user
interface. See Figure below.
Figure 10 Tool-Box Window
And our project look like as after adding tool box such as
Figure 11 Secure Parking Window
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3.2.5 Code Window
When you double click on window form design then open code window. If codewindow does not open then right click on form design and now go in code window.
Figure 12 Code Window
3.2.6 Properties windowEach control we have on our user interface has lots of Properties we can set.
Figure 13 Properties window
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3.2.7 Build Tools
In Visual Studio we have lots of Build and Debugging Tools.Build menu: Below we see the Build menu:
Figure 14 Build Tools Window
The most used tool is “Build Solution” (Shortcut Key: F6).
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3.2.8 Debug Menu:
Below we see the Debug menu: The most used tool is “Start Debugging”(Shortcut Key: F5).
Figure 15 Debug Window
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3.2.9 StartWhen you start your project then your project are run and if there is no error in your
program then output window appear otherwise output window does not show. So in
our case there is no error in our program and when program run then output windowshown blew in figure
Figure 16 LOGIN Window
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3.2.10 MAIN PAGE:
After giving user name and password then new window appear as
Table 1 Main Window
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3.3 Check_In Button
When you enter data manually in given field and press check-in button then data are
entered in data Grid view such as:Before click button check-in window appear as
Table 2 Before Check-In Button
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After click button check-in then window look as
Table 3 After Check-In Button
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3.4 Check_out Button
When you click on check-out button then your car are left the secure parking systemand new window open and asked you money has paid or not .Now we check _out id1021 then new window open look like as:Before check-out button press
Table 4 Before Check_Out Button
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After check-out button press then system ask confirmation yes or no.if he paid moneythen press button yes otherwise press button no.
Table 5 After Check_Out Button
After yes then your vehicle are check_out.
Table 6 After Check_Out Button Yes
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3.5 Show Data Button
When you click on show data button then it show all record that are entered in parkingsystem
Table 7 Show Data Button
3.6 Add New User
This allowed only admin of secure parking system .When he Press new user buttonthen new window open such as:
Figure 17 Add New User Window
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3.6.1 Save Button
In this window admin add permanent users such as
Figure 18 Save Window
Now click on save button then data are saved such as
Table 8 Data Save Window
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3.6.2 Delete Button
When you press delete button then user are delete such as E_ID 222 has delete andshow as
Table 9 Delete Data Window
3.6.3 Reset Customer Database
When you click on reset customer button then all data are removed from secure parking system and now you are entered new database.
Table 10 Before Reset Customer Database Window
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When you click on yes button then all data are removed such as
Table 11 After Reset Customer Database Window
3.6.4 Reset Employee Database
When you click on reset customer button then all data are removed from secure parking system and now you are entered new database.
Table 12 Before Reset Employee Database
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When you click on yes button then all data are removed such as
` Table 13 After Reset Employee Database
3.6.5 Reset LOGIN_IF Database
When you click on reset customer button then all data are removed from secure
parking system and now you are entered new database.
Table 14 Before Reset LOGIN_IF Database
Click on yes button then
Table 15 After Reset LOGIN_IF Database
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3.6.6 Show Employee INFO
When admin click on this button then it show all employee information such as
Table 16 Employee INFO
You can add delete and search new users and admins in this data table. Moreoverthese users and admins log-in and log-out info can be seen in the SHOW LOGININFO table you can also search in there by the EMPLOYEE-ID.
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3.6.7 Show Login INFO
When admin click on this button then it show all employee information which arelogin such as
Table 17 Show Login INFO
3.6.8 Go-back
When you click on go back button then you go to the main window such as
Table 18 Go back Window
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3.7 Reporter
When you click on reporter button then new window open look like as
Figure 19 Report Window
3.7.1 Total Money Received
When click on this button then it show total money of vehicle which are entered insecure parking system such as
Figure 20 Money Received Window
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3.7.2 NO of Cars Parked
When you click on this button then show number of cars which are parkedSuch as
Figure 21 No of cars parked
3.7.3 Get ReportIf you see that which car are entered during this date then click on this button then itshow all record of car which are entered during this date such as
Table 3.7.3 Get Report Window
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3.8 About
When you click on this button then new window open and which show information ofsecure parking system such as
Figure 3.8 about window
3.9 Sign Out
When user finished his work/duties then it sign out your user id. When user click onsign out button then window look like as
Figure 3.9 sign out window
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DATABASE IN VISUAL STUDIO
(SERVICE BASED DATABASE)
For database we continue using Microsoft VISUAL STUDIO 2013 because it is easyto handle for the beginners and can be editable during the project construction
process. In this section, you’ll learn how to cr eate a database with SQL Server
Express. You can do all this within the Visual C# .NET software. Once you have a
database, you’ll learn how to pull records from it, and display them on a Windows
Form. You will also learn how to navigate through the records in your database, and
how to add new records.
3.10 NAME OF THE DATABASE
Probably the most important requirement of creating a database is to give it a name.
There are rules you must follow when naming a database:
A name can start with either a letter, a digit, an underscore (_) or a non-readable
character. Examples are _n, act, and %783, second after the first character (letter,
digit, underscore, or symbol), the name can have combinations of underscores,
letters, digits, or symbols. Examples are _ n24 or act_52_t.A name can include
spaces. Example are c0untries st@ts, govmnt (records), or gl0b# $urvey|| Because of
the flexibility of Transact-SQL, it can be difficult to maintain names in a database.
Based on this, there are conventions we will use for our objects. In fact, we will
adopt the rules used in C/C++, C#, Pascal, Java, and Visual Basic, etc. In our
databases:
After the first character, we will use any combination of letters, digits, or underscores.
A name will not start with two underscores
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3.11 Create a table.
A database can only store data if you create a structure for that data. A table holds the
information that you enter into your database, and you will need to create it before
you can proceed. Expand the new database in your Databases folder, and right-click
on the Tables folder and select "New Table...".Windows will open on the rest of the
screen which will allow you to manipulate your new table.
3.12 Create the Primary KeyIt is highly recommended that you create a Primary Key as the first column on your
table. This acts as an ID number, or record number, that will allow you to easily recall
these entries later. To create this, enter "ID" in the Column Name field, type int into
the Data Type field, and uncheck the "Allow Nulls." Click the Key icon in the toolbar
to set this column as the Primary Key.
You don't want to allow null values because you always want the entry to be at least
"1". If you allow nulls, your first entry will be "0".
In the Column Properties window, scroll down until you find the Identity
Specification option. Expand it and set "(ls Identity)" to "Yes". This will
automatically increase the value of the ID column for each entry, effectively
automatically numbering each new entry.
3.13 Tables StructureTables are composed of fields, or columns. Each column represents one aspect of a
database entry. For example, if you were creating a database of employees, you might
have a "First Name" column, a "Last Name" column, an "Address" column, and a
"Phone Number" column.
3.14 Create the rest of your columns
When you finish filling out the fields for the Primary Key, you will notice that new
fields appear underneath it. These allow you to enter in your next column. Fill out the
fields as you see fit, and ensure that you pick the right data type for the information
that will be entered in that column:
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Nchar (# ) : This is the data type you should use for text, such as names, addresses,
etc. The number in parentheses is the maximum number of characters allowed for this
field. Setting a limit ensures that your database size stays manageable. Phone numbers
should be stored with this format, as you don't perform mathematical functions on
them.
Int :This is for whole numbers, and is typically used in the ID field.
Decimal(x , y ) :This will store numbers in decimal form, and the numbers within
the parentheses denote the total number of digits and the number digits following the
decimal, respectively. For example decimal (6 , 2) would store numbers
as 0000.00.
3.15 To Create a SQL Server Express DatabaseStart a new project, and call it anything you like as we're only using this project to
create a database. But do remember where on your hard drive you saved this project
to, usually in your Documents folders, under Visual Studio, then Projects. When a
database is created, it will be saved in the project folder. You’ll need to browse to
this folder to add the database as resource when we create a new project.
Right Click on B1 > Add New Item.
Figure 22 Project Window
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From the Add New Item dialogue box, look for the Service-based database item, as inthe image below:
Figure 23 Add database window
In the Name box at the bottom, type NEWQ.mdf. Then click the Add button
Figure 24 Solution B1 Window
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When you save your project, the database will get saved along with all the solution
files. Now that you have created the database itself, you need to create at least onetable to go in it. To create a table, right click on the database in the Solution Explorer.
From the menu that appears, select Open:
Figure 25 Open Database
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When you click Open, you'll see the Database Explorer appear on the left hand side of
your screen (it's called Server Explorer in Visual Studio 2013):
Figure 26 NEWQ.mdf Window
To create a new table, right click on Tables. From the menu that appears, select Add
New Table
Figure 27 Add new Table Window
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When you click on Add New Table you should see the table designer open up in the
center of your screen. We'll now create a new table in the database. To see how to do
that click below, right. When you click Add New Table you'll see this screen appear
in the middle
Table 3.6.6 Table Design Window
The first thing we can do is to give the table a name. In the bottom half of the screen
above, delete the word Table between the square brackets. Type the name
tbl_employees instead:
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CREATE TABLE [dbo].[EMP]
Table 3.6.7 Table EMP Window
Now click the Update button, which is top left of the table designer: You should thensee the following screen:
Figure 3.6.8 Table Update database window
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Click Update Database to return to the table designer. We can now set up thecolumns that are going into the table.
The first column name, Id, has already been set up:
Table 3.6.9 Table Design data Type
The Data Type is OK on int, which is short for Integer. The column has a key symbolto the left, which means it is the Primary Key. This is OK, too. The Allow Nulls is
unchecked, which is what you want for a Primary Key. This means you can't have
duplicate item for this column.
One thing we can do for the Id column is to have it update itself automatically. When
you add a new item to the database, the next integer in the sequence will be added to
the Id column. To set the Id column to Auto Increment, highlight the Id row then take
a look at the properties area bottom right. Expand the Identity Specification item
Figure 28 Properties Window
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Now set Is Identity to True:
Figure 29 Is Identity Properties Setting
The Identity Increment has a default of 1, meaning 1 will get added to the Id column
every time a new entry is added to the table.With the Id column set up, we can add
more columns.
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Click in the Name box just below Id at the top of your table designer. Now type the
new column heading first name. We want this to be text. So for the Data Type,
select nvarchar(50), meaning a maximum of 50 characters:
Table 3.6.12 Select data type Table Design Window
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The Allow Nulls is ok checked.
Add a third column by clicking into the Name box again. This time, type last name.
Set the Data Type to nvarchar(50), just as before. Leave Allow Nulls checked. We
only need two more columns, job title and department. Add this using the same
technique as above. When you're done, your table designer will look like this:
Table 3.6.13 EMP Design Window
Again, click the Update button to save your changes. Now have a look at the DatabaseExplorer on the left. You should find that your new columns are displayed:
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Figure 30 Server Explorer Window
Now that we have all the columns set up, we can add some data to the table.
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To add data to your table, right click the name of your table in the Database Explorer.Then click Show Table Data:
Figure 31 Open Table Data
When you click on Show Table Data you'll see a new screen appear in the middle.This one:
Table 3.6.16 Show Table Data
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Now that you have a database with some data in it, we can move on. Before you close
this solution, remember where you saved it to, and the name of your project. If you
left everything on the defaults when you installed Visual Studio, then your projects
will be in your Documents folder. The database will be in the folder created for this
database project. Save your work, and you will have created your very first Compact
SQL Server Express database
3.7 Save your table:When you are finished creating your columns, you will need to save the table before
entering information. Click the Save icon in the toolbar, and then enter in a name for
the table. Naming your table in a way that helps you recognize the contents is
advisable, especially for larger databases with multiple tables.
Figure 32 save table window
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3.8 Implemented coding in the project:
MAIN APPLICATION Code:Using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Threading;
namespace B1
{
public partial class MAIND : Form
{
SqlConnection cn = new
SqlConnection(@"DataSource=(LocalDB)\v11.0;AttachDbFilename=C:\Users\ZAIN
MEHDI\Documents\Visual Studio 2013\B1-----\B1\NEWQ.mdf;Integrated
Security=True");
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(); SqlCommand cmd1 = new SqlCommand();
SqlDataReader reader; DataTable table;
SerialPort _serialPort; private delegate void SetTextDeleg(string text);
public MAIND()
{
ADDNEW.Enabled = LOGINF.admin; temp.Text = LOGINF.emp;
temp.Enabled = false; lsin.Text=LOGINF.emp; LOADTABLE();}
private void MAIND_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{cmd.Connection = cn;
// all of the options for a serial device
// PortName = "COM1", Baud Rate = 19200, Parity = None,
// Data Bits = 8, Stop Bits = One, Handshake = None
_serialPort = new SerialPort("COM2",9600, Parity.None, 8,StopBits.One);
_serialPort.Handshake = Handshake.None;
_serialPort.DataReceived+=newSerialDataReceivedEventHandler(sp_DataReceived)
;
_serialPort.ReadTimeout = 500;
_serialPort.WriteTimeout = 500;
_serialPort.Open();}
public void sp_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
{
Thread.Sleep(500);
string data = _serialPort.ReadLine();
this.BeginInvoke(new SetTextDeleg(si_DataReceived), new object[]{ data });
}
private void si_DataReceived(string data)
{
BARCODE.Text = data.Trim();
}
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Chapter 4
Hardware Tools
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4.1 Barcode Reader
A barcode reader (or barcode scanner) is an electronic device that can read and output
printed barcodes to a computer. Like a flatbed scanner, it consists of a light source, a
lens and a light sensor translating optical impulses into electrical ones. Lines of
different widths and sizes representing data, that when read determine what the
scanned object is. Barcodes are often used to help organize and index information or
prices about an object. Barcodes used by the U.S. postal service that helps speed the
delivery of mail is another perfect example of how a barcode could be used. The
picture is an example of what a barcode of an address. A barcode reader, also called a
price scanner or point-of-sale scanner, is a hand-held or stationary input device used
to capture and read information contained in a bar code. A barcode reader consists of
a scanner, a decoder (either built-in or external), and a cable used to connect the
reader with a computer. Because a barcode reader merely captures and translates the
barcode into numbers and/or letters, the data must be sent to a computer so that a
software application can make sense of the data. Barcode scanners can be connected
to a computer through a serial port, keyboard port, or an interface device called
a wedge. A barcode reader works by directing a beam of light across the bar code and
measuring the amount of light that is reflected back. (The dark bars on a barcode
reflect less light than the white spaces between them.) The scanner converts the light
energy into electrical energy, which is then converted into data by the barcode reader
Figure 33 Barcode Reader1
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Figure 34 Barcode Reader2
4.2 Barcode readers and scanners
A barcode reader (BCR) or scanner, also known as a point of sale (POS) scanner is a
hardware device capable of reading a barcode. It can also print out the details of the
product or log information about that product into a database. A perfect example of a
barcode reader is a super market barcode scanner that reads and logs the price of a
product. In the picture is an example of a Barcode reader from HP. Today,
many smartphones with the proper apps are also capable of scanning and reading
barcodes.
http://www.computerhope.com/comp/hp.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/jargon/s/smartphone.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/jargon/a/applicat.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/jargon/a/applicat.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/jargon/s/smartphone.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/comp/hp.htm
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4.3 History
In 1932 an ambitious project was conducted by a small group of students headed by
Wallace Flint at the Harvard University Graduate School of Business Administration.
The project proposed that customers select desired merchandise from a catalog byremoving corresponding punched cards from the catalog. These punched cards were
then handed to a checker who placed the cards into a reader. The system then pulled
the merchandise automatically from the storeroom and delivered it to the checkout
counter. A complete customer bill was produced and inventory records were updated.
4.4 Types of Barcode Reader
There are five basic kinds of barcode readers -- pen wands, slot scanners, Charge-
Couple Device scanners, image scanners, and laser scanners. A pen wand is the
simplest barcode reader. It contains no moving parts and is known for its durability
and low cost. A pen wand can present a challenge to the user, however, because it has
to remain in direct contact with the bar code, must be held at a certain angle, and has
to be moved over the bar code at a certain speed.
Figure 35 Wand Scanner
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A slot scanner remains stationary and the item with the bar code on it is pulled by
hand through the slot. Slot scanners are typically used to scan bar codes on
identification cards.
Figure 36 Slot Scanner
A CCD scanner has a better read-range than the pen wand and is often used in
retail sales. Typically, a CCD scanner has a "gun" type interface and has to be
held no more than one inch from the bar code. Each time the bar code is scanned,
several readings are taken to reduce the possibility of errors. A disadvantage of
the CCD scanner is that it cannot read a bar code that is wider than its input face.
Figure 37 CCD scanner
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An image scanner, also called a camera reader, uses a small video camera to
capture an image of the bar code and then uses sophisticated digital image
processing techniques to decode the bar code. It can read a bar code from about 3
to 9 inches away and generally costs less than a laser scanner.
Figure 38 Camera Reader
A laser scanner, either hand-held or stationary, does not have to be close to the bar
code in order to do its job. It uses a system of mirrors and lenses to allow the
scanner to read the bar code regardless of orientation, and can easily read a bar
code up to 24 inches away. To reduce the possibility of errors, a laser scanning
may perform up to 500 scans per second. Specialized long-range laser scanners
are capable of reading a bar code up to 30 feet away.
Figure 39 Laser Scanner
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4.5 Working of Barcode Reader
To understand how a barcode scanner works, we have to explore the different parts of
the device. Basically, there are 3 functional parts to the barcode scanner itself,the illumination system, the sensor / converter, and the decoder.
Barcode scanners begin by illuminating the code with red light. The sensor of the barcode scanner detects the reflected light from the illumination system and generatesan analog signal with varying voltage that represent the intensity (or lack of intensity)of the reflection. The converter changes the analog signal to a digital signal which isfed to the decoder. The decoder interprets the digital signal, does that math required toconfirm and validate that the barcode is decipherable, converts it into ASCII text,formats the text and sends it to the computer the scanner is attached to.
Figure 40 Working Mechanism of a Barcode Reader
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3.13 BARCODE READER FUNCTIONAL PARTS
Illumination SystemsThe illumination system is the method by which the bars and spaces on the barcode
are illuminated. There are a variety of illumination systems commonly used in
barcode scanners:
Single Point LEDThis technology is exclusive to the barcode wand reader and the barcode slot reader.
The illumination of the barcode comes from either a single or pair of LED's and is
focused through a single ball-type opening. This technology requires the ball to
physically touch the barcode being scanned.
Figure 41 Single Point LED
Since the illumination is on a single point, the operator has to provide motion to the
barcode past the light source. In the case of a barcode wand, the operator drags the
illumination ball across the barcode. For swipe or slot readers, the barcode is typically
printed on a credit-card like media. The operator pulls the card through a fixed slot,
past the illuminating head.
Slot and wand readers are inexpensive, and can accommodate any length of barcode.
There are several disadvantages of the single point illumination method. Slot and
wand readers require the operator to control the speed at which the barcode passes in
front of the illumination head. Because barcodes must be in contact with the
illumination head to read, the barcode can easily be damaged by abrasion of the head
on the media that hosts the printed barcode. Although the illumination head is
hardened, it will wear out and must be replaced regularly.
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Sensor and Converter:
A photo detector senses the reflected light and generates an analog signal with
varying voltage. The voltage fluctuates based on whether the sensor sees the reflected
light from the white spaces because the black bars absorb the red light.
The technology used in the sensor can vary depending on the illumination method.
The output is always the same - a voltage wave form with peaks for the white spaces,
and troughs for the black spaces in the barcode. In an imaging barcode scanner, the
sensor covers the entire scan target and generates a 2-dimensional wave form. In both
cases, this analog signal is sent to the converter. The converter changes the analog
signal to a digital signal. This signal is the digital representation of what the sensor
detected from the reflected light. Now that the barcode scanner has a digital signal,
the signal is transferred to the barcode scanner decoder .
https://www.carolinabarcode.com/barcode-scanner-decoder-a-70.htmlhttps://www.carolinabarcode.com/barcode-scanner-decoder-a-70.html
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3.14
Benefits of Barcode Reader
Barcodes are often overlooked as a method for cutting costs and saving time. A
valuable and viable choice for businesses looking to improve efficiency and reduce
overhead, barcodes are both cost-effective and reliable.
1. Barcodes eliminate the possibility of human error. The occurrence of
errors for manually entered data is significantly higher than that of
barcodes. A barcode scan is fast and reliable, and takes infinitely less timethan entering data by hand.
2. Using a barcode system reduces employee training time. It takes only
minutes to master the hand-held scanner for reading barcodes.
Furthermore, employees do not have to gain familiarity with an entire
inventory or pricing procedure. This also makes employee training less
expensive, since they do not have to be paid for extra training time, and
another employee does not have to be compensated for training them.
3. Barcodes are inexpensive to design and print. Generally they cost mere
pennies, regardless of their purpose, or where they will be affixed. They
can be customized economically, in a variety of finishes and materials.
4. Barcodes are extremely versatile. They can be used for any kind of
necessary data collection. This could include pricing or inventory
information. Additionally, because barcodes can be attached to just about
any surface, they can be used to track not only the products themselves,
but also outgoing shipments and even equipment.
5. Inventory control improves. Because barcodes make it possible to track
inventory so precisely, inventory levels can be reduced. This translates
into a lower overheard. The location of equipment can also be tracked,
reducing the time spent searching for it, and the money spent replacing
equipment that is presumed lost.
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6. Barcodes provide better data. Since one barcode can be used for inventory
and pricing information, it is possible to quickly obtain data on both.
Furthermore, barcodes can be customized to contain other relevant
information as needed. They provide fast, reliable data for a wide variety
of applications.
7. Data obtained through barcodes is available rapidly. Since the
information is scanned directly into the central computer, it is ready
almost instantaneously. This quick turnaround ensures that time will not
be wasted on data entry or retrieval.
8. Barcodes promote better decision making. Because data is obtained
rapidly and accurately, it is possible to make more informed decisions.
Better decision making ultimately saves both time and money.
9. Both inexpensive and user-friendly, barcodes provide an indispensable tool for
tracking a variety of data, from pricing to inventory. The ultimate result of a
comprehensive barcoding system is reduction in overhead.
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4.8 The Original Barcode Scanners
I've dipped into the archives of the US Patent and Trademark Office and pulled out
the records of the original barcode pattern scanner, invented by N. Joseph Woodland
and Bernard Silver. I've colored and numbered it to quickly illustrate how it worked.
In the top picture, you can see the entire apparatus, including the barcode scanner,
which is shown in the center in blue; in the lower picture, you can see a more detailed
view of the scanner itself:
Figure 42 Orginal Barcode
http://www.uspto.gov/http://www.uspto.gov/
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1.
Like modern packages in grocery stores, Woodland and Silver envisaged items
would have barcodes printed on one face.
2. You place the item to be scanned with its barcode face down on a conveyor
made of some transparent material.
3.
A variety of lights shine up on the barcode.
4. The scanner picks up light reflected off the barcode.
5.
The scanner sends a signal to a sorting mechanism that can push the item in
different directions.
6. The item is pushed onto different conveyors according to its particular barcode.
7.
Now looking in close up at the scanner: It has a lens on top that spreads the
light reflected off the barcode.
8. The light from the lens spreads out onto a larger glass surface.
9. An electric motor and axle (red) move a scanning head (green).
10.
Guided by the grooves in the axle, the scanning head moves from side to side.11. A photoelectric cell (orange) inside the scanning head picks up the pattern of
light and dark areas from the barcode, sending corresponding signals to a
detector circuit.
4.9 Barcode Uses
If you run a busy store, you need to keep track of all the things you sell so you can
make sure the ones your customers want to buy are always in stock. The simplest wayof doing that is to walk around the shelves looking for empty spaces and simply
refilling where you need to. Alternatively, you could write down what people buy at
the checkout, compile a list of all the purchases, and then simply use that to reorder
your stock. That's fine for a small store, but what if you're running a giant branch of
Wal-Mart with thousands of items on sale? There are many other difficulties of
running shops smoothly. If you mark all your items with their prices, and you need to
change the prices before you sell the goods, you have to re price everything. And
what about shoplifting? If you see a lot of whisky bottles missing from the shelves,
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can you really be certain you've sold them all? How do you know if some have been
stolen?
Using barcode technology in stores can help to solve all these problems. It lets you
keep a centralized record on a computer system that tracks products, prices, and stock
levels. You can change prices as often as you like, without having to put new price
tags on all your bottles and boxes. You can instantly see when stock levels of certain
items are running low and reorder. Because barcode technology is so accurate, you
can be reasonably confident that any items that are missing (and don't appear to have
been sold) have probably been stolen — and maybe move them to a more secure part
of your store or protect them with RFID tags.
A barcode-based stock system like this has three main parts. First, there's a
central computer running a database (record system) that keeps a tally of all the
products you're selling, who makes it, what each one costs, and how many you have
in stock. Second, there are the barcodes printed on all the products. Finally, there's
one or more checkout scanners that can read the barcodes.
How barcodes represent the numbers 0-9
Figure 43 BARCODE SYMBOLOGY
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A barcode is a really simple idea: give every item that you want to classify its own,
unique number and then simply print the number on the item so
an electronic scanning device can read it. We could simply print the number itself, but
the trouble with decimal numbers is that they're easy to confuse (a misprinted eight
could look like a three to a computer, while six is identical to nine if you turn it upside
down — which could cause all sorts of chaos at the checkout if you scanned your
cornflakes the wrong way up). What we really need is a completely reliable way of
printing numbers so that they can be read very accurately at high speeds. That's the
problem that barcodes solve.
If you look at a barcode, you probably can't make head or tail of it: you don't know
where one number ends and another one begins. But it's simple really. Each digit in
the product number is given the same amount of horizontal space: exactly 7 units.
Then, to represent any of the numbers from zero through nine, we simply color those
seven units with a different pattern of black and white stripes. Thus, the number one is
represented by coloring in two white stripes, two black stripes, two white stripes, and
one black stripe, while the number two is represented by two white stripes, one black
stripe, two white stripes, and two final black stripes.
You've probably noticed that barcodes can be quite long and that's because they have
to represent three different types of information. The first part of a barcode tells you
the country where it was issued. The next part reveals the manufacturer of the
product. The final part of the barcode identifies the product itself. Different types of
the same basic product (for example, four-packs of Coca-Cola bottles and six-packs
of Coca-Cola cans) have totally different barcode numbers.
Most products carry a simple barcode known as the UPC (universal product code) —
a line of vertical stripes with a set of numbers printed underneath it (so someone can
manually key in the product number if the barcode is misprinted or damaged in the
store and won't scan through the barcode reader). There is another kind of barcode
that is becoming increasingly common and its stores much more information. It's
called a 2D (two-dimensional) barcode) and you sometimes see it on things like self-
printed postage stamps.
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4.5 Some Traditional Barcodes:
Figure 44 Traditional Barcodes
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REFRENCES
http://www.csharp-station.com/
http://www.codeproject.com/
https://www.safaribooksonline.com
https://www.lassiemarlowe.com
http://stackoverflow.com
http://www.dreamincode.net
http://www.computerhope.com
http://www.barcode.ro
http://whatis.techtarget.com
http://www.explainthatstuff.com
http://www.verifiedlabel.com
http://www.toutorialspoint.com
http://www.msdnfourms.com
http://www.programming in Urdu C#.com
http://www.W3Schols.com
http://www.GitHub.comhttp://www.DLLFinder.com
WINDOWS FORM PROGRAMMING C#
VISUAL_STUDIO_2015_SUCCINCTLY
http://www.csharp-station.com/http://www.codeproject.com/https://www.safaribooksonline.com/https://www.lassiemarlowe.com/http://stackoverflow.com/http://www.dreamincode.net/http://www.computerhope.com/http://www.barcode.ro/http://whatis.techtarget.com/http://www.explainthatstuff.com/http://www.verifiedlabel.com/http://www.toutorialspoint.com/http://www.msdnfourms.com/http://www.w3schols.com/http://www.github.com/http://www.dllfinder.com/http://www.dllfinder.com/http://www.github.com/http://www.w3schols.com/http://www.msdnfourms.com/http://www.toutorialspoint.com/http://www.verifiedlabel.com/http://www.explainthatstuff.com/http://whatis.techtarget.com/http://www.barcode.ro/http://www.computerhope.com/http://www.dreamincode.net/http://stackoverflow.com/https://www.lassiemarlowe.com/https://www.safaribooksonline.com/http://www.codeproject.com/http://www.csharp-station.com/
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