session 03 and 06 - bibliology for bible study
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The Bible’s History
• Revelation- from God to man • Inspiration- from man to paper • Illumination- from paper to heart
The English word bible is derived from the Greek word biblion, which
means “book” or “roll.” The name comes from byblos, which denoted the papyrus plant that grew in marshes or river banks, primarily
along the Nile.
Meaning of Bible
The word translated “Scripture” comes from the Greek word graphe, which simply means “writing.” The “writings” of the Old Testament were eventually collected into three groups called the Law, Prophets, and Writings (or Psalms), and constituted the 39 books of the Old Testament.
Meaning of Scripture
Claims of the Bible• 3800 x’s the Bible declares “God said”
or “thus says the Lord • 25% of the Bible is prophetic in nature • Paul, Peter & John, Jesus & the Father
all made acknowledgement of Scripture’s authority.
Continuity of the Bible
• Different Occupations of writers • Different Locations of writing • Different Circumstances of writers
Revelation• The word revelation is derived
from the Greek word apokalupsis, which means “disclosure” or “unveiling.”
• ”Revelation is both “general”—God revealing Himself in history and nature, and “special”—God revealing Himself in the Scriptures and in His Son.
How God reveals Himself
• He often spoke to men through angels • He spoke to men through a voice. • He spoke to men through a still, small voice • He spoke to men through nature • He spoke through the mouth of an donkey • He spoke to men through dreams. • He spoke to men through visions. • He spoke to men through theophanies.
• Romans 1:18-21 The “invisible attributes,” “eternal power,” and “divine nature” of God
have been “clearly seen” (v. 20).
• The human race is rendered guilty and without excuse through God’s revelation of Himself in
nature. • This revelation gives mankind an awareness of God but is of itself inadequate to provide salvation."
General Revelation
Revelation• God has also revealed Himself to the human
race through His providential control. • It is through His supplying people with sunshine and rain that enables them to live and
function (Matt. 5:45; Acts 14:15-17). • Further, God has revealed Himself through
conscience. Romans 2:14-15 indicates God has placed intuitional knowledge concerning Himself
within the heart of man.
Special revelation involves a narrower focus than general revelation and is
restricted to Jesus Christ and the
Scriptures.
Special Revelation
Inspiration
• From man to paper • Elements of Inspiration:
–Divine Causality –Prophetic Agency –Written Authority
!12
Theories of Inspiration
• The Natural theory • The Mechanical Theory • The Content /Concept Theory • The Partial Theory • The Spirit-Rule Only Theory • The Plenary-Verbal Theory
Plenary-VerbalThat all (plenary), the very words (verbal)
of the Bible are inspired by God. This view alone is the correct one.
Implications of inspiration.
• Plenary-verbal inspiration does not teach that all parts of the Bible are equally important, but only that they are equally inspired.
• Plenary-verbal inspiration does not allow for any false teaching, but it does on occasion record the lie of someone
• Plenary-verbal inspiration does not permit any historical, scientific, or prophetical error whatsoever.
ILLUMINATIONIllumination is that method used by the Holy Spirit to shed divine light upon all seeking men as they look into the Word of God. Illumination is from the written word to the human heart.
Reasons for Illumination• It is necessary because of natural blindness (1 Cor 2:14) • It is necessary because of satanic blindness (2 Cor 4:3) • It is necessary because of carnal blindness ( Heb 5:12)
Inerrancy & Infallibility
• Inerrant- without error in the original autographs
• Infallible- will never fail in what it declares.
1. Amazing Unity• In spite of long periods
between writings • In spite of many authors
and various occupations • In spite of geographical
places. • Different writing styles.
4. Scientific Accuracy• Earth is spherical • Suspended in space • Stars are innumerable • Mountains in the sea • Springs in sea
• Ocean currents • Hydrologic cycle • All things reproduced
after their kind • Health & sanitation
5. Prophetical Accuracy
• Dealing with Israel • Dealing with Gentile Nations • Specific Cities • Specific Individuals • Concerning Messiah (JESUS)
8. Amazing Circulation
• Only 1/2 of 1% of all books published survive 7 years.
• 80% of all books are forgotten in 1 year.
• Bible is consistent best seller.
9. Absolute Honesty
• Speaks of both the successes and failures of it’s characters.
• Tells of eternal realities repugnant to the human mind.
10. It’s Life Transforming Power
• Ability to transform sinners to saints. • Ability to continue to make us more like
Jesus
Canonicity
• Definition Gk. kanon-=rod,ruler
• Synonyms Sacred Scriptures Writings
• What does NOT determine entrance in cannon:
• Age • Hebrew Language • Agreement w/
Torah • Religious value
Authoritative
• Often there is “thus says the Lord
• Teaching- divine pronouncement of what believers should do
• History- divine pronouncement of what God has done.
5 Basic Criteria
• Authoritative- does it claim to be from God? • Prophetic- was it written by a servant of God? • Authentic- does it tell the truth concerning God,
man, etc.? • Received- do people to whom it is written bear
witness? • Dynamic- does it possess life-changing power?
Prophetic
• Concerning true writers
• Concerning false writers
Gal 1:1
Heb. 1:1
2 Pt. 1-20
2 Thes.2:2
Authenticity
• True & accurate; since God can not lie, the content must match previous revelations
• The Aporcrypha is rejected due to this test.
Dynamic
• Only the truth has life changing power
• 2 Tim 3:16,17 • Heb 4:12 • 1 Peter 1:23 • 1 Peter 2:2
Acceptance by People of God
• Torah immediately accepted • Paul’s epistles- immediately
received by the church • Some book rejected due to lack
of authority • God vindicates those He
chooses.
Procedure for Canonicity
•Inspiration by God •Recognition by Man •Collection And preservation of writings
Language
•Old Testament was written in Hebrew with some passages in Aramaic
•New Testament written in Greek
Old Testament• Job -2150 bc • Pentatuch-1402 bc • Joshua- 1350 bc • Judges & Ruth-1050bc • Psalms- 965bc • Prov., Ecc.,Song- 926bc • 1&2 Samuel- 926bc • 1 Kings & 1 Chron. 848bc • Obadiah- 848bc • Joel- 835bc • Jonah-780bc • Amos-765bc
• Hosea- 755bc • Isaiah- 750bc • Micah- 740bc • Jeremiah & Lam.- 640bc • Nahum- 630bc • Habakkuk & Zephaniah- 625bc • Ezekiel- 593bc • 2 Kings & 2 Chron.-539bc • Daniel- 538bc • Haggai & Zechariah- 520bc • Esther- 476bc • Ezra- 458bc • Nehemiah- 445bc • Malachi- 432bc
New Testament• James- 49ad • 1&2 Thessalonians.- 52ad • 1 Corinthians -55ad • 2 Corinthians -56ad • Galatians- 57ad • Romans- 58ad • Luke-59ad • Acts-60ad • Philippians,
Colossians,Ephesians, Philemon- 61ad
• Matthew- 63ad • Mark-63ad
• Hebrews- 64ad • 1 Timothy- 65ad • 1 Peter- 65ad • 2 Peter- 66ad • Titus- 66ad • Jude- 67ad • 2 Timothy-67ad • John- 85-90ad • 1 John- 90-95ad • 2 & 3 John- 90-95ad • Revelation- 95 ad
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