session 10&11
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Anatomy & Physiology for Sport
Origins & InsertionsSession 10
Session Aim/Objectives
Aim
• Gain knowledge of muscles & origin/insertions for part of task 7 on the assignment
Objectives
• List names of muscles in the body (Re-cap)• Identify origin/insertion of different muscles
Lesson Re-cap
• Name the different types of muscles
• What is the difference between Voluntary & involuntary muscles?
Muscular Attachment
• Muscles are attached to bones via t….s• Tendons are inelastic and inflexible• Muscles have a a point of o…..n and a
point of i…………n.• The attachment of muscle tendon to a
stationary bone is called the point of origin
• The attachment of a muscle tendon to a bone that moves is called the point of insertion
The insertion is where the tendon of the muscle joins the moving bone(s).
The Origin and InsertionThe Origin and Insertion When a muscle contracts, only one bone moves leaving the other stationary. The points at which the tendons are attached to the bone are known as the origin and the insertion.
Origin
Insertion
The radius and ulna are the moving bones.
The origin is where the tendon of the muscle joins the stationary bone(s).
The arm is being flexed.
The humerus and scapula are stationary bones.
Origin & Insertion
Example: Bicep Origin = scapulaInsertion = radius
Task 1
• Attempt to name the insertion and origin on the following muscles
• Gastrocnemius• Hamstrings• Quadriceps• Tricep• Bicep• Trapezius• Deltoid
Origin and Insertion
Muscle Origin Insertion
Gastrocnemius Back of femur Calcaneum(Heel bone)
Hamstrings Pelvis femur
Quadriceps Top of femur/pelvis Through patella onto tibia
Origin and Insertion
Muscle Origin InsertionTricep Scapula and
humerusUlna and forearm
Bicep Scapula Radius
Trapezius Base of cranium and thoracic
vertbrae
Clavicle and scapula
Deltoids Clavicle and scapula
Top of humerus
Conclusion
• Muscles have a point of…………and a point of………….., What do they mean?
• What is the insertion and origin of the hamstring muscle?
• Next Session – Antagonistic muscle pairings
Session 11
Session Aim/ObjectivesAim
• Gain knowledge of antagonistic pairs for part of task 7 on the assignment
Objectives
• All will Identify antagonistic muscle pairs from different movements at joints
• Some will identify muscle pairings used through different types of movements
Re-cap previous session
• Name as many muscles as you can in the human body!
Antagonistic Muscle Pairs
• Agonist -- A muscle that produces a desired action is the prime mover or agonist (biceps brachii for flexion of the forearm).
• Antagonist -- The muscle that opposes the desired motion is the antagonist; it must be relaxed while the agonist is contracted (triceps brachii for flexion of the forearm).
Skeletal muscles work across a joint and are attached to the bones by strong cords known as tendons.
Movement of the arm
at the elbow
Antagonistic MusclesAntagonistic Muscles
They work in pairs, each contracting or relaxing in turn to create movement.
Agonist or Prime Mover(Biceps contract)
The muscle doing the work (contracting) and creating the movement is called the agonist or prime mover.
Flexion (Bending) of the ArmFlexion (Bending) of the Arm
Antagonist(Triceps relax)
The muscle which is relaxing and letting the movement take place
is called the antagonist.
Flexion of the ArmFlexion of the ArmDrag each label to the correct place on the arm. (Although both flexion and extension are shown, the labels only refer to flexion).
Activity – What are these muscles paired with?
• Pectorals /• Anterior deltoids / • Trapezius /• Spinae erector /• Right external obliques / • Hamstrings / • Gastrocnemius /• Triceps /
Different muscle pairs
• Pectorals / Latissimuss Dorsi• Anterior deltoids / Posterior deltoids• Trapezius / Deltoids• Spinae erector / Rectus abdominus• Right external obliques / Left external
obliques• Hamstrings / Quadriceps• Gastrocnemius / Tibialis anterior• Triceps / Biceps
Task
• In pairs think of 3 movements and provide the agonist & antagonist for each muscle pairing.
Locate and name the following parts involved in the extension of the arm:
Origin
Insertion
Triceps: agonist(prime mover)contracting muscle
Biceps: antagonistrelaxing muscle
Scapula
HumerusRadius
Ulna
Metacarpals
Phalanges
Carpals
Extension (Straightening) of the ArmExtension (Straightening) of the Arm
Agonist (prime mover) Antagonist Origin Insertion Any Bones
Extension of the ArmExtension of the ArmDrag each label to the correct place on the arm. (Although both flexion and extension are shown, the labels only refer to extension).
Task• In the table provided name the muscles being
used in the following movements and determine which is the agonist/antagonist * It may help to carry the movement out
Push-up
Calf stretch
Chest press
Tricep dip
Conclusion
• Muscles work in p…., they have an a……….and a ………..., what does each do?
• Q. If the knee joint is flexed what muscles are relaxing/contracting
• Next session – Types of muscular contraction
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