sga jahrestagung
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SGA Jahrestagung The Elevator Noise source in the building?
Table of Contents
| Slide 2
– Elevator Noises
– System Boundaries
– Examples
– Agent Problem
– Piston Effect
© Schindler Elevator Ltd. | ESE | Dr. Heinz Widmer | EBI | November 13, 2014
Z R
R R H
Elevator Noises
© Schindler Elevator Ltd. | ESE | Dr. Heinz Widmer | EBI | November 13, 2014 | Slide 3
– In the Car
– Airborne Noise – Vibration
– In the building – Airborne – Structure Borne Noise
The noise emission in buildings is projectable!
| Slide 4
Topics of “Ride Quality”
Z R R R H
© Schindler Elevator Ltd. | ESE | Dr. Heinz Widmer | EBI | November 13, 2014
VDI 2566
DIN 4109
RD 1371
NEII
SIA 181
Z R
R R H
ISO 18738
NEII
Applicable Codes & Standards
© Schindler Elevator Ltd. | ESE | Dr. Heinz Widmer | EBI | November 13, 2014 | Slide 5
Max. Pk/Pk definition
The maximum peak to
peak value is the largest
peak to peak value of a
signal between two
boundaries
(e.g. B1, B2)
Maximum Peak to Peak Vibration (Max. Pk/Pk)
Z R
R R H
System Boundary
© Schindler Elevator Ltd. | ESE | Dr. Heinz Widmer | EBI | November 13, 2014 | Slide 7
– Noise from the shaft – Machine Noise (especially in machine room less
elevators) – Main noise source are mostly the fans – Brake closing noise – Contactors noise
– Piston Effect Noise (Later)
– Noise emanating from the structure
– Distortion of car – Bearings and guide shoe scratching – Chattering All points can be addressed by suitable measures.
| Slide 8
Noise in the Car Causes and Solutions
© Schindler Elevator Ltd. | ESE | Dr. Heinz Widmer | EBI | November 13, 2014
– x- and y-vibration – Guide Rail system
These Vibrations can lead to noise generation in the car.
– z-vibration – Uneven sliding forces – Remaining vibrations from accelerating – Traction media – Torque ripple of machine – (Gearing)
Not interesting regarding noise generation.
| Slide 9
Vibration in the Car
© Schindler Elevator Ltd. | ESE | Dr. Heinz Widmer | EBI | November 13, 2014
– Airborne (mainly emanating from shaft doors) – Shaft noise leaving at door
– Bearings – Chattering
– Piston Effect Noise (Later) – Sough
– Structure Borne (mainly from machine room ) – Machine Vibrations – Brake Vibrations – Contactors noise
All points can be addressed by suitable measures.
| Slide 10
Noise in the Building
© Schindler Elevator Ltd. | ESE | Dr. Heinz Widmer | EBI | November 13, 2014
| Slide 11
Layout
Machine
Room
Machine
Room
(rear)
Machine
Room
Less
© Schindler Elevator Ltd. | ESE | Dr. Heinz Widmer | EBI | November 13, 2014
| Slide 12
MMR
© Schindler Elevator Ltd. | ESE | Dr. Heinz Widmer | EBI | November 13, 2014
« Noise levels in adjacent
rooms are of course in our
circle of concern but
unfortunately not in our own
circle of influence...»
System Boundaries
© Schindler Elevator Ltd. | ESE | Dr. Heinz Widmer | EBI | November 13, 2014 | Slide 14
Piston Effect
– Car moves air in the shaft
– Shaft is closed at both ends
– Noise is generated at edges
– Repetitive noise is generated at Doors and Brackets
| Slide 15
Piston Effect
© Schindler Elevator Ltd. | ESE | Dr. Heinz Widmer | EBI | November 13, 2014
Car speed
© Schindler Elevator Ltd. | ESE | Dr. Heinz Widmer | EBI | November 13, 2014 | Slide 16
Piston Effect - Solution
– Two main influence factors
– Speed
– Shaft ratio
| Slide 17
Effects of Piston Effect
– Noise in Car
– Noise on Landings
– Nowadays not only in high-speed elevators – Extremely high shaft utilisation – Much faster elevators
© Schindler Elevator Ltd. | ESE | Dr. Heinz Widmer | EBI | November 13, 2014
Agent Problem
| Slide 18
• Reputation
• High quality product
• Special interests
• Calm apartment
• Speed and space
• Low service fees
• Good Ride Quality in car
• Ease of ordering
• Flexibility in installation
• Cost (Installation)
• Reputation
• Lifetime
Building Owner
Architect
Consultant User
© Schindler Elevator Ltd. | ESE | Dr. Heinz Widmer | EBI | November 13, 2014
Gearless Machines with Standard Traction Media (Belt)
– Gigantic Improvement in Quality – No more rattling chains – No gear noise – Much smaller Machine – Much smaller Inverter BUT
Speeds increased by a factor of Five. Cars got much lighter
(Structure Borne Noise remains reduced)
| Slide 19
Rebound Effect
© Schindler Elevator Ltd. | ESE | Dr. Heinz Widmer | EBI | November 13, 2014
– Ride Quality is projectable.
– Teamwork between all involved agents
– Norms are not very well representing the perceived quality
– Quality of the building is important. (VDI 2566 or similar)
| Slide 20
Conclusion
© Schindler Elevator Ltd. | ESE | Dr. Heinz Widmer | EBI | November 13, 2014
Copyright © Schindler. All rights reserved
Schindler owns and retains all copyrights and other intellectual property rights in this
presentation. It may not be reproduced, modified or copied nor used for any commercial
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Schindler undertakes all reasonable efforts to ensure that the information in this
presentation is accurate, complete and derives from reliable sources. Schindler however,
does not represent nor warrant (either expressly or implicitly) accuracy, reliability,
timeliness or completeness of such information. Therefore, Schindler is not liable for any
errors, consequence of acts or omissions based on the entirety or part of the information
available in this presentation.
Thank you for your attention.
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