skin procedures

Skin ProceduresGufu Abdikadir

Ft.Sultana Faraj

Wound Careassessment

Granulating cellsDepthCleanlinessEdges ; raised/red/loss of sensationExudatesSurrounding tissuePain pattern

Types of wounds

Acute wound- sudden, caused by burns or trauma which expected to progress with healing and wound healing process.

Chronic wound- not responding to normal healing time frame.

Factors decreasing wound healing process

Nutrition- low proteinsReduced blood supply to the area i.e.

ischemiaSome medicines e.g. NSAIDSObesity> low tissue perfusionDiseases e.g. DMSubstance abuse- e.g. alcohol and

cigarettes.

Wound cleaning

Princinples ;Aseptic techniqueNot remove normal exudateMinimize traumaSterile isotonic solution

Cont..

AimRemove visible debrisRemove dressingRemove excess exudates

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MethodMaintain sterile conditionIrrigate>normal saline(syringe)>gentle

pressure to loosen the debrisNB; Cotton and gauze use cautiously>

minimize tissue damage = slow healing.

Wound dressing

Covering applied on a wound aseptically with or without medication.

Purpose; Promote granulationPrevent contaminationImmobilize and support the woundApply medicationProvide comfortDecrease purulent drainage.

Cont..

Equipment;Kidney dishCotton ballsPadsNon toothed forcepsArtery forcepsDisposal bin

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ProceduresPositioning comfortExpose the siteHand washingPoor cleaning solution in kidney dishRemove dressingSurgical hand washingGlovingUsing thumb forceps pick cotton balls and squeezeClean the wound from in going outOne touch technique

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Clean till the wound is cleanClean surrounding Apply medicated gauze> paraffin gauzeDiscard glovesSecure dressing using adhesive tapes

Skin grafting

Skin graft- patch of skin removed by surgery from one area of body and transplanted/attached to another area.

indications

Areas where infection left large woundsBurnsCosmetic reasonsSkin cancer surgery Diabetic ulcers

procedure

Done under anesthesiaDonor from any part of body esp. hidden

parts e.g. buttocks and thighsAfter skin removed, its spread on base

area where it is being transplanted.Held in place either by gentle pressure

that covers it, staples or stitches

Before skin Grafting

Stop some medicines e.g. aspirin, ibuprofen Stop smoking= slow healing

After skin Grafting

Dressing 1-2wksProtect from trauma, moisture or some

exercises

Plastic reconstructive surgery

Repairs body structures affected fictionally by congenital defects, trauma, abnormal developments and infections

It improves structure function ability/ improves typical appearance of affected structures.

Divided into; plastic surgery repair and cosmetic sugery.

a)Plastic surgery repair

Breast reconstructionBurnsCongenital repair e.g. cleft palateHand surgeryScar revision surgery

b)Cosmetic surgery

Breast enhancementFacial contusionsFace liftRemoval of wrinklesBody contouring i.e. tummyFigure

Cleft palate reconstruction

Cleft palate is a congenital deformity that causes problems and represents a special challenge to the medical community.. Speech production, feeding, maxillofacial growth, and dentition are just a few important developmental stages that may be affected.

Presentation

Otitis mediaAirway obstructionFeeding problems

Cosmetic surgeries & risks involved

a) Breast augmentation- enlarge> implants risks;InfectionDeflationPainLose of sensitivityNumbness DeflationBreast not symmetrical

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b) Breast lift >extra skin removed to raise breastsRisks;Lose of skinScarringInfectionNumbnessBreast not symmetrical

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c) Eyelid raise> removal of extra fat around upper or lower lids.Risks;Blurred visionInfection Internal injuryEyes cant close completelyBlindness

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d) Facelift> fat tissues around face and neck removed to tighten face.Risks;Infection internal bleedingScarringNumbnessHair loss

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e) Forehead lift >extra muscles and fats that case wrinkles are removed Risks; Facial nerve muscle weakensImpaired eyelid functionBleeding under skininfection

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f) Liposunctioning> excess fat removed from tummy leaving a vacuumRisks;Kidney problemsFluid retentionInfectionPainSkin may change color.