slide 0 copyright © 2004. mosby inc. all rights reserved. 1.4 organ systems of the body
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Slide 2Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved.
ObjectiveBell Ringer Questions
• Define and contrast the terms organ and organ systems.
• List the 11 major organ systems of the body.
• Identify and locate the major organs of each major organ system.
• Briefly describe the major functions of each major organ systems
Slide 3Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Definitions and ConceptsDefinitions and Concepts
• Organ—a structure made up of two or more kinds of tissues organized in such a way that they can together perform a more complex function than can any tissue alone
• Organ system—a group of organs arranged in such a way that they can together perform a more complex function than can any organ alone
(Cont’d…)
Slide 4Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Definitions and ConceptsDefinitions and Concepts
(…Cont’d)
• A knowledge of individual organs and how they are organized into groups makes more meaningful the understanding of how a particular organ system functions as a whole
Slide 5Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved.
• Integumentary system Structure—organs
Skin Hair Nails Sense receptors Sweat glands Oil glands
(Cont’d…)
Organ SystemsOrgan Systems
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Organ SystemsOrgan Systems
(…Cont’d)
Functions Protection Regulation of body temperature Synthesis of chemicals Sense organ
(Cont’d…)
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Organ SystemsOrgan Systems
(…Cont’d)
• Skeletal system Structure
Bones Joints
Functions Support Movement (with joints and muscles) Storage of minerals Blood cell formation
(Cont’d…)
Slide 8Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Organ SystemsOrgan Systems
(…Cont’d)
• Muscular system Structure
Muscleso Voluntary or striatedo Involuntary or smootho Cardiac
Functions Movement Maintenance of body posture and BP Production of heat
(Cont’d…)
Slide 9Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Organ SystemsOrgan Systems
(…Cont’d)
• Nervous system Structure
Brain Spinal cord Nerves Sense organs
(Cont’d…)
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Organ SystemsOrgan Systems
(…Cont’d)
Function Communication Integration Control Recognition of sensory stimuli
System functions by production of nerve impulses caused by stimuli of various types
Control is fast acting and of short duration
(Cont’d…)
Slide 11Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Organ SystemsOrgan Systems
(…Cont’d)
• Endocrine system Structure
Pituitary gland Pineal gland Hypothalamus Thyroid gland Parathyroid gland Thymus Adrenal glands Pancreas Ovaries (female) Testes (male)
(Cont’d…)
Slide 12Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Organ SystemsOrgan Systems
(…Cont’d)
Functions Secretion of special substances called hormones
directly into the blood Same as nervous system—communication,
integration, and control Control is slow and of long duration Examples of hormone regulation
o Growtho Metabolismo Reproductiono Fluid and electrolyte balance
(Cont’d…)
Slide 13Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved.
(…Cont’d)
• Cardiovascular (circulatory) system Structure
Heart Blood vessels
Functions Transportation of blood to whole body Regulation of body temperature Immunity (body defense) Removes waste products from blood
(Cont’d…)
Organ SystemsOrgan Systems
Slide 14Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Organ SystemsOrgan Systems
(…Cont’d)
• Lymphatic system Structure
Lymph nodes Lymphatic vessels Thymus Spleen
Functions Transportation Immunity (body defense)
(Cont’d…)
Slide 15Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Organ SystemsOrgan Systems
(…Cont’d)
• Respiratory system Structure
Nose Pharynx Larynx Trachea Bronchi Lungs
(Cont’d…)
Slide 16Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Organ SystemsOrgan Systems
(…Cont’d)
Functions Exchange of waste gas (carbon dioxide) for
oxygen in the lungs Area of gas exchange in the lungs called alveoli Filtration of irritants from inspired air Regulation of acid-base balance
(Cont’d…)
Slide 17Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Organ SystemsOrgan Systems
(…Cont’d)
• Digestive system Structure
Primary organso Moutho Pharynxo Esophaguso Stomacho Small intestineo Large intestineo Rectumo Anal canal
(Cont’d…)
Slide 18Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Organ SystemsOrgan Systems
(…Cont’d)
Accessory organso Teetho Salivary glandso Tongueo Livero Gallbladdero Pancreaso Appendix
(Cont’d…)
Slide 19Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Organ SystemsOrgan Systems
(…Cont’d)
Functions Mechanical and chemical breakdown (digestion)
of food Absorption of nutrients Undigested waste product that is eliminated is
called feces Appendix is a structural but not a functional part
of digestive system Inflammation of appendix is called appendicitis
(Cont’d…)
Slide 20Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Organ SystemsOrgan Systems
(…Cont’d)
• Urinary system Structure
Kidneys Ureters Urinary bladder Urethra
(Cont’d…)
Slide 21Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Organ SystemsOrgan Systems
(…Cont’d)
Functions “Cleaning” or clearing blood of waste products—
waste product excreted from body is called urine Electrolyte balance Water balance Acid-base balance In male, urethra has urinary and reproductive
functions
(Cont’d…)
Slide 22Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Organ SystemsOrgan Systems
(…Cont’d)
• Reproductive system Structure
Maleo Gonads—testeso Genital ducts—vas deferens, urethrao Accessory gland—prostateo Supporting structures—genitalia
(Cont’d…)
Slide 23Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Organ SystemsOrgan Systems
(…Cont’d)
Femaleo Gonads—ovarieso Accessory organs—uterus, uterine (fallopian)
tubes, vaginao Supporting structures—genitalia, mammary
glands (breasts)
(Cont’d…)
Slide 24Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Organ SystemsOrgan Systems
(…Cont’d)
Functions Survival of genes Production of sex cells Development and birth of offspring Nourishment of offspring Production of sex hormones
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