smart antennas and radio network planning - 3g and … · smart antennas and radio network planning...

INSTITUT FÜRNACHRICHTENTECHNIK UNDHOCHFREQUENZTECHNIK

Smart Antennas and Radio Network Planning -3G and Beyond

Thomas Neubauer1,2 and Ernst Bonek2,3

1 SYMENA, Software and Consulting GmbH, Vienna, Austria2 Vienna University of Technology

3 Telecommunications Research Center Vienna, Austria thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Slide 2ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Outline

• Motivation– Investor´s Perspective– Time Perspective– Implementation

• Smart Antenna Planning Targets• Challenges• Planning Example - Results• Considerations beyond 3G

Slide 3ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Investor´s Perspective

Vodafone14%

Hutchison12%

NTT DoCoMo

11%

Deutsche Telekom

9%

MobilCom9%Telefonica

7%

British Telecom

6%

Others32%

License price per pop. in $US (Oct. 01)

594,2

0

174,2

015

8,90

86,00

60,80

42,60

35,10

30,30

20,50

16,50

15,70

11,20

5,70

4,90

3,50

0,00

0,00

566,7

0

UKGerm

any

Italy

Hollan

dAus

tria

South

KoreaSing

apore

Belgium

Austra

liaNor

waySwitz

erlan

dNew

Zealan

dSpa

inSwed

enGree

cePor

tugal

Finlan

dJa

pan

Oct 2001

Slide 4ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Investor´s Perspective

• Expensive licenses

• Accrued interest

• Investment in infrastructure

• Many additional sites for thefuture mobile-data market

Smart Antenna Radio NetworkPlanning optimizes capital investment

Slide 5ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Time Perspective

• Radio Network roll-out- How to acquire new sites?

- How to fulfill license conditions (coverage)?

• Rapid adaptation to the customers need- Adapt to future market growth

- Adapt to new services and applications

Smart Antenna Radio NetworkPlanning reduces time-to-market

Slide 6ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Implementation• 2G – 3G – Smart Antennas

- What can be re-used?

- How to model the radio channel?

• Multi-Service UMTS

- How does the max. capacitydepend on the service mix?

• Where to use Smart Antennas?

- optimized number of smart antennas

Smart Antenna Radio Network Planningis the first step towards optimization

Slide 7ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Outline

• Introduction• Smart Antenna Planning Targets

– 3G Radio Network Planning Trade-off– Smart Antenna Planning Targets

• Challenges• Planning Example - Results• Considerations beyond 3G

Slide 8ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

3G Radio Network Planning Trade-off

Capacity

Coverage

Cost

QoS

A multi-dimensional, interdependentoptimization problem

• Capacity

• Coverage

• Quality of Service (QoS)

• Cost

Slide 9ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Effects of Smart Antennas on UMTS Coverage and Capacity

DOWNLINK

Cov

erag

e

UL Coveragelimited

DL Capacitylimited

ServiceCoverage

improvement

DOWNLINK

UPLINKUPLINK

DOWNLINK

Capacityimprovement

ServiceCoverage

improvement

System Throughput [bit/s/cell]

Slide 10ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Effects of Smart Antenna Radio Network Planning

NOspecificnetworkplanning

Smart Antenna

Technology

Smart Antenna

Technology

Gain = 1

ConventionalTechnology

ConventionalTechnology

Efficient Radio Network Planning

Efficient Radio Network Planning

WITHRadio

NetworkPlanning

Gai

n

Slide 11ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Outline

• Introduction• Smart Antenna Planning Targets• Challenges

– Channel Models– Interference – Space-Time Receivers

• Planning Example - Results• Considerations beyond 3G

Slide 12ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Conventional Channel Models

Terrain data-base⇒ pathloss

⇒ mean delay

⇒ delay spread

Angular domain?

Conventional models are not sufficient forSmart Antenna implementations

Slide 13ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Spatio-Temporal Channel Models

⇒ pathloss

⇒ mean delay

⇒ delay spread

⇒ mean DoA

⇒ angular spread

Spatio-Temporal models are necessary forSmart Antenna implementations

Slide 14ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

3GPP - COST 259 Extended Channel Model

Cell Types-Macrocell-Microcell-Picocell

.....

Radio Environment-General Typical Urban

-General Rural Area-General Hilly Terrain

.....

Propagation Scenarios-local parameters #1-local parameters #2

.....

Cell Types-Macrocell-Microcell-Picocell

.....

Radio Environment-General Typical Urban

-General Rural Area-General Hilly Terrain

.....

Propagation Scenarios-local parameters #1-local parameters #2

.....

Spatio-Temporalchannel characterization

Pow

e r[d

B]

Delay

Delay Power SpectrumDPS

Azimuth Power SpectrumAPS

φ0 Azimuth

Pow

er[d

B]

Slide 15ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Interference Considerations

UMTS is an interference limited system!

Slide 16ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Interference in UMTS

Total received power (UL)

SIGNAL

INTRA-cellInterference

INTER-cellInterference

Slide 17ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Smart Antenna Interference Situation - Uplink

UPLINK InterferenceItotal = IINTRACELL + I INTERCELL + Io

Slide 18ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Smart Antenna Interference Situation - Downlink

Pilot Pilot

PilotDOWNLINK Interference

Itotal = β * IINTRACELL + IINTERCELL + IPilot&Control + Io

Slide 19ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Uplink Interference – Spatial Distribution

Do we have spatially white interference?

i.e. are interferers equally distributed?

Interference could be modelled as randomprocess, i.e. white gaussian noise

Smart antenna gain look-up tables ( f {SNIR})could be used for radio network planning

Interference is NOT spatially white!

Slide 20ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Interference is not spatially white - Consequences

Signal

Interference

Interference

INTRA-cell

INTER-cell

• Simulate the system• Traffic distribution• Receiver structure

Slide 21ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Sequential Space-Time Weight Calculation

Spatial Domain

• Channel estimation• Number of antenna

elements• Algorithms

– Beam switching– Beam steering– Maximum Ratio Comb.– ....

Optimum:

wQwwRw

ww )(

)(maxarg)( )(

)(,

ττ

τ SH

SHSopt =

Temporal Domain

• Number of Rakefingers

• Maximum Taps• Rake finger

selection• Algorithms

- ....

Optimum:

SC/MRC

Slide 22ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Outline

• Introduction• Smart Antenna Planning Targets• Challenges• Planning Example - Results

– A planning example– Integrated radio planning process

• Considerations beyond 3G

Slide 23ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Smart Antenna Radio Network Planning Example

City of Vienna, Austria

City of VIENNA, Austria

• 144 Cells / 72 “smart” Cells• Urban propagation model • Background noise floor of -105dBm• DOA with 8° rms angular spread• 1 Antenna (65° Sector)• 4 Element ULA • d=λ/2 inter-element spacing• Service Mix: speech, 64k, 144k• UL processing: seq.-space-time

- spatial processing: opt. Comb.- temp. processing: MRC

• DL processing: beamforming- UL AoA

Slide 24ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Planning ExampleCity of Vienna, Austria

Where do we have bad/no service coverage?

How does the outage-probability look like?

Where do we have to invest money?

Slide 25ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Capacity Increase

19.4

14.2

23.8

UL load [%]

2193

1610

920

Throughput[kbit/s/cell]

36.7Smart Antennas+ Radio Network

Planning

36.0Smart Antennas

No planning

37.4Sector antenna

BS power [dBm]

+75%

+36%

Smart Antenna Radio Network Planningwill boost the capacity by more than 30%!

Slide 26ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Outline

• Introduction• Smart Antenna Planning Targets• Challenges• Planning Example - Results• Considerations beyond 3G

– Smart Antennas beyond 3G – System Evolution– Challenges beyond 3G– Radio Network Planning Evolution

Slide 27ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

System Evolution

GSMGSMGSM

GPRS/EDGEGPRS/EDGEGPRS/EDGE

UMTSUMTSUMTS

Evolution

IncreasingCapabilities

The way towards anThe way towards an“integrated wireless world”“integrated wireless world”

MIMOMIMOMIMO

Slide 28ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Mobile Communications beyond 3G

Beyond 3G

Mob

il

3GUMTS

GPRSEDGE

GSM

Fixed line networks

BluetoothWLL / WLAN

OFDMMIMO

ity

Data rate

Slide 29ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Multi data rate mix in an „integrated wireless world“

Low data rate Which services?

Where?

What are the costs?

What about mobility?

Which access technology?

Traffic demand?

Data security?

Medium data rate

High data rate

Very high data rate

Slide 30ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Radio Network Planning EvolutionRadio Network Planning Evolution

Evolution

Incr

easi

ng C

apab

ilitie

s

Multi-ServicePlanning

Hybrid Techn.Planning

AutomaticSystem

Management

Max. spectrum efficiency

Access Technology Management

Max. cost efficiency

PropagationPlanning

Slide 31ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Conclusions

Advanced Spatio-Temporal ChannelModels are required for Smart AntennaSystems

Smart Antenna Radio Network Planningwill boost the capacity by more than 30%

Higher Layer Procedures and RRM algorithms have to be considered

3G and Beyond: Radio NetworkPlanning will be enhanced byAutomatic System Management

Slide 32ISART 2002

Boulder, 5. March 2002thomas.neubauer@symena.com

Thank you

System Management for Enhanced Wireless Access

Thomas.Neubauer@symena.comwww.symena.com