smart street light detector

SMART STREET LIGHT DETECTOR

Submitted By SIDDHARTH BHATT PRATIKSHA JADHAV MANISHA KUNJIRGuided By V.S.Salunkhe

Contents • Literature review• Components• Flow chart• Block diagram• Working• Pcb layout• Power supply• Program• Description of components• Applications • Reference

Literature review The concept of our project is to create an Street Light

detector circuit .The circuit helps to turn on the street light whenever there is vehicle movement is detected.

The Infrared Sensor detects the IR signal . Nowadays, Human has become too busy that they don’t

even have time to switch off the lights. This is the same case in STREET LIGHTS.

Basically the STREET LIGTHS are turned on in the evening before the sunsets that is pretty too much early and are being turned off after there is enough sunlight in the morning which lead to a large WASTAGE OF ELECTRICAL POWER

Thus these project helps us from Saving Electrical power

Components :-• 8051 MICROCONTROLLER• CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR• RESISTORS• CAPACITOR • LED• IR SENSORS (INFRARED SENSORS) • STEPDOWN TRANSFORMER(0-9V)• DIODES

FLOWCHARTSTART

IR SIGNAL DETECTED

DISPLAY ON LCD

IR1 DETECTED

IR2 DETECTED

Light glows Light glows

Vehicle movement detected

Block diagram

Working We have provided a 5V of supply to our circuit. Which consist of IR SENSORS,LED’S(street lights),LCD,MICROCONTROLLER etc. The working of the ciruit is like when a movement is being detected by the 1st IR SENSORwhich leads the LED to Glow Here it has being programed to glow one after the another by giving the delay time In general or in practical application we have to provide single SENSOR to a One Street light. So that when a movement is being detected the Street Light Glows. Similarly the 2nd SENSOR also works. When there is movement detected by the sensor i.e by 1st or 2nd one the indication is being displayed on the LCD

PCB LAYOUTThis PCB LAYOUT shows the interfacing between• 8051 micro-

controller• Power

supply • LCD(Liquid

Crystal Display)

Power supply

A power supply is an electronic device that supplies electric energy to an electrical load. The primary function of a power supply is to convert one form of electrical energy to another and, as a result, power supplies are sometimes referred to as electric power converters

#include<reg51.h>#include<stdio.h>#include<lcd.h>sbit ir1=P3^2; %connected /interfaced IR1 with port P3.2sbit ir2=P3^3; sbit R1=P1^0; %connected/interfaced R1 with port PO.Osbit Y1=P1^1; sbit G1=P1^2; sbit R2=P1^3;sbit Y2=P1^4;sbit G2=P1^5;void check_data(); 

Program

void check_data(); void main(){

lcd_init(); %initialising lcd ir1=ir2=1;R1=Y1=G1=R2=Y2=G2=0; %when the circuit is turned onlcd_datastr("Street Light"); %displaying the message on lcdline2();lcd_datastr("Detector");delay(200);

while(1) {

lcd_clr();check_data();

}}  

void check_data(){

if(ir1==1){

lcd_clr(); lcd_datastr("IR1 Detected");

delay(200); R1=1;

Y1=0;G1=0; delay(300); R1=0;

  if(R1==0) { G1=0;

Y1=1; delay(300); Y1=0;

Y1=0; } if(Y1==0) { R1=0; G1=1;

delay(300); G1=0;

}ir1=0;

} //************************************************

if(ir2==1){

lcd_clr(); lcd_datastr("IR2 Detected");

delay(200); R2=1; Y2=0;G2=0;

delay(300); R2=0;

  if(R2==0) { G2=0;

Y2=1; delay(300); Y2=0;

} if(Y2==0) { R2=0; G2=1;

delay(300); G2=0;

}ir2=0;

} }  

8051 Microcontroller 4k Bytes of in-system reprogrammable flash memory Fully static operation : 0Hz to 24Mhz Three level programmable clock 16-bit timers Programmable serial channel Low power idle power-down mode

Features of 8051• ROM :4KB• RAM :128bytes• IO Ports :4• Timers :2• Interrupts :6• Package :40pin• Serial port :1

LCD (LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY)

o Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) is very commonly used electronic display module and having a wide range of applications such as calculators, laptops, mobile phones etc. 16×2 character lcd display is very basic module which is commonly used in electronics devices and projects. It can display 2 lines of 16 characters. Each character is displayed using 5×7 or 5×10 pixel matrix.

A light-emitting diode (LED) is a two-lead semiconductor light source. It is a basic pn-junction diode, which emits light when activated.When a suitable voltage is applied to the leads, electrons are able to recombine with electron holes within the device, releasing energy in the form of photons. This effect is called electroluminescence, and the color of the light (corresponding to the energy of the photon) is determined by the energy band gap of the semiconductor.

LED

IR SensorAn individual PIR sensor detects changes in the amount of infrared radiation impinging upon it, which varies depending on the temperature and surface characteristics of the objects in front of the sensor. The most common models have numerous Fresnel lenses or mirror segments, an effective range of about ten metres (thirty feet), and a field of view less than 180 degreesSome larger PIRs are made with single segment mirrors

Some larger PIRs are made with single segment mirrors and can sense changes in infrared energy over one hundred feet away from the PIR. There are also PIRs designed with reversible orientation mirrors which allow either broad coverage (110° wide) or very narrow "curtain" coverage, or with individually selectable segments to "shape" the coverage.

The project aims were to reduce the side effects of the current street lighting system, and find a solution to save power. In this project the first thing to do, is to prepare the inputs and outputs of the system to control the lights of the street. The prototype as shown in fig. has been implemented and works as expected and will prove to be very useful andwill fulfill all the present constraints if implemented on a large scale from the figure it can be seen that, all lighting column are OFF, because there is no any object passes through the street, even though the weather is night. This is the idea of using the microcontroller to control each lighting column alone. When any object passes in front specific photoelectric sensor the lighting column which connected to it will be turn ON automatically.

Result

Prototype of street lights

Advantageso Save Energy by turning off the lights when the vehicle is not detected. o Easy to install in offices , houses , streets etc.o Complete elimination of manpower. o Reduced energy costs.o Reduced green house gas emissions.o Reduced maintenance costs.

Future scope Pole damage detection with the addition of a suitable sensor.

If the system has traffic speed sensors then this information could be used to manage traffic speed via the dimming off the streetlights. If thee average traffic speed is too fast during evening and night hours, this could be used to trigger a slight dimming of the streetlights. The level of dimming would be imperceptible to motorists but they would slow down, regardless, in response to the slightly diminished lighting. A five percent light reduction slows traffic but is not noticeable to motorists. With the added intelligence in the lamp, you can add further features to increase HID lamp life, such as softer start-up and protection against re-igniting an already hot HID lamp, since this shortens the lamp life.

Application

2. Street Lights

3. Garden Lights

1. Parking Lights

Conclusion This paper elaborates the design and construction of automatic street control system circuit. Circuit works properly to turn street lamp ON/OFF. After designing the circuit which controls the light of the street as illustrated in the previous sections. IR sensor is the main conditions in working the circuit. It have been satisfied the circuit will do the desired work according to specific program. Each sensor controls the turning ON or OFF the lighting column. The street lights has been successfully controlled by microcontroller. With commands from the controller the lights will be ON in the places of the movement when it's dark. furthermore the drawback of the street light system using timer controller has been overcome, where the system depends on photoelectric sensor(if required) Finally this control circuit can be used in a long roadways between the cities.

Reference The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded systems by

Muhammad Ali Mazidi and Janice Gillispie Mazidi , Pearson Education.

D. A. Devi and A. Kumar, Design and Saving System for Street Lights and Automatic Traffic Controller, International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Vol. 2, Issue11, November 2012.

Sensors: Advancements in Modeling, Design Issues, Fabrication and Practical by Subhas Chandra

Digital Systems Principles and Application by Ronald Ltocci (Sixth Addition).

K. S. Sudhakar, A. A. Anil, K. C. Ashok and S. S. Bhaskar, Automatic Street Light Control System, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, Vol. 3, May 2013, PP. 188-189.

www.atmel.com,www.beyondlogic.org,www.wikipedia.org,www.howstuffwo

rks.com, www.alldatasheets.com, www.wikipedia.com.

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