smoke procedure finalization
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Smoke Procedure Finalization
Presented by
Xavier VILLAINFlight Operations EngineerA320/A330/A340 Operational Standards
Jérôme PFEIFFERFlight Operations EngineerFlight Operations Training Data
OLM FBW 2006
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 2 OLM FBW 2006
1
4 e-briefing
3 Latest Changes in the Procedure
2 Review of the Airbus Smoke Procedure
Introduction
Contents
4 Conclusion
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 3 OLM FBW 2006
Review of the Airbus Smoke Procedure
Crew (cockpit or cabin) perception without ECAM
Warning
SMOKE /FUMES / AVNCS SMOKE
ASAP
WHEN TO APPLY
THE PROCEDURE ?
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 4 OLM FBW 2006
Review of the Airbus Smoke Procedure
ECAM “AVIONICS SMOKE”
Warning
SMOKE /FUMES / AVNCS SMOKE
When ?
Crew (cockpit or cabin) perception without ECAM
Warning
WHEN TO APPLY
THE PROCEDURE ?
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 5 OLM FBW 2006
Review of the Airbus Smoke Procedure
On Long Range AircraftCommon actions followed by reference to paper procedure.
When to apply the paper procedure: ECAM AVNCS SMOKEWhen to apply the paper procedure: ECAM AVNCS SMOKE
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 6 OLM FBW 2006
Review of the Airbus Smoke Procedure
On Single Aisle AircraftCommon actions followed by count down and procedure for setting Electrical Emergency procedure.
When to apply the paper procedure: ECAM AVNCS SMOKEWhen to apply the paper procedure: ECAM AVNCS SMOKE
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 7 OLM FBW 2006
Review of the Airbus Smoke Procedure
On Single Aisle AircraftPaper procedure may be applied as soon as the caution is triggered, or after completion of the common actions
When to apply the paper procedure: ECAM AVNCS SMOKEWhen to apply the paper procedure: ECAM AVNCS SMOKE
On Single Aisle Aircraft
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 8 OLM FBW 2006
Review of the Airbus Smoke Procedure
On Single Aisle Aircraft, with FWC F4 standard
Removal of the ELEC EMER part.
Addition of a reference to the paper procedure.
Harmonization with LR procedure.
When to apply the paper procedure: ECAM AVNCS SMOKEWhen to apply the paper procedure: ECAM AVNCS SMOKE
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 9 OLM FBW 2006
Review of the Airbus Smoke Procedure
ECAM “AVIONICS SMOKE”
Warning
Crew (cockpit or cabin) perception without ECAM
Warning
SMOKE /FUMES / AVNCS SMOKE
Any other Smokewarning
Crew (cockpit or cabin) perception without ECAM
Warning
Why ?
WHEN TO APPLY
THE PROCEDURE ?
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 10 OLM FBW 2006
Smoke in monitored area potentially due to other source.Example: smoke detected in the Video Control Center (VCC), due to Air Conditioning smoke
Why referring to paper procedureWhy referring to paper procedure……
Review of the Airbus Smoke Procedure
In case of any doubt on the smoke origin:Always apply the ECAM
Consider referring to SMOKE/FUMES/AVNCS SMOKE paper procedure
Smoke in monitored area potentially due to other source.
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 11 OLM FBW 2006
Review of the Airbus Smoke Procedure
ECAM “AVIONICS SMOKE”
Warning
Crew (cockpit or cabin) perception without ECAM
Warning
SMOKE/FUMES REMOVAL
SMOKE /FUMES / AVNCS SMOKE
Any other Smokewarning
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 12 OLM FBW 2006
SMOKE REMOVAL procedure only called by SMOKE FUMES AVNCS SMOKE procedure.
The crew should not apply the SMOKE REMOVAL procedure directly
Procedure applicable to all sorts of smokes or fumes (including toxic fumes)
When to apply the Smoke Removal procedureWhen to apply the Smoke Removal procedure
Review of the Airbus Smoke Procedure
SMOKE/FUMES REMOVAL
SMOKE /FUMES / AVNCS SMOKE
SMOKE REMOVAL procedure only called by SMOKE FUMES AVNCS SMOKE procedure.
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 13 OLM FBW 2006
One Single Checklist
Cockpit / Cabin Communication
Initial steps
“At any Time” recommendationsNot a memory item
Procedure for source identification / isolation forAir Conditioning smokeCabin Equipment smokeAvionics / Electrical smoke
Quick Recall of the Smoke Procedure PhilosophyQuick Recall of the Smoke Procedure Philosophy
Review of the Airbus Smoke Procedure
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 14 OLM FBW 2006
Review of the Airbus Smoke Procedure
LAND ASAP-OXY MASK (if RQRD) ………………ON/100%/EMERG
-CKPT/CABIN COMM ………………….…….ESTABLISH-VENT EXTRACT…….….……….……...……………OVRD−CAB FANS……..……………………………………....OFF−GALLEYS……...……………………………...…….…OFF−CAB SIGNS …………………………………………….ON• IF FAULTY SMOKE SOURCE IMMEDIALTELY OBVIOUS ACCESSIBLE AND EXTINGUISHABLE:
- FAULTY EQUIPMENT…………………..……ISOLATE• IF SMOKE SOURCE NOT IMMEDIALTELY ISOLATED:
-DIVERSION ……………………………………..INITIATE-DESCENT (FL 100/MEA)………………………..INITIATE
•IF AIR COND SMOKE SUSPECTED :−APU BLEED.………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…….…………..OFF
−..
−PACK 2…………………………………………………………………………………………………...……………………………..……….OFF
−SMOKE/TOXIC FUMES REMOVAL………………………………………………………………………...……………….………CONSIDER
•IF CAB EQUIPMENT SMOKE SUSPECTED :−EMER EXIT LT…………………………….………………………………………………………...………………………………………...….ON
−COMMERCIAL…………………………………………………………………………………………...……………………………………….OFF
−SMOKE/TOXIC FUMES REMOVAL…………………………………………………..……………………...……………………….CONSIDER
•IF AVIONICS/COCKPIT SMOKE SUSPECTED:AC BUS 1-1 + 1-2 can be shed as follows :
−….
AC BUS 2-3 + 3-4 can be shed as follows :
−….
TO SET ELEC EMER CONFIG :−EMER ELEC PWR……………………………………………………………………………………...……………………..…………....MAN ON
−WHEN EMER GEN AVAIL :
−..
−ELEC EMER CONFIGAPPLY ECAM PROCEDURE WITHOUT PERFORMING THE GEN RESET.
•At ANY TIME, of the procedure, if SMOKE/FUMES becomes the GREATEST THREAT :
- SMOKE / FUMES REMOVAL ……………..CONSIDER- ELEC EMER CONFIG…………...………….CONSIDER
•At ANY TIME of the procedure, if situation becomes UNMANAGEABLE:
- IMMEDIATE LANDING…………...………...CONSIDER
SMOKE / FUMES / AVNCS SMOKE
Electrical EmergencyConfiguration
SMOKE SOURCEResearch/Isolation
“AT ANY TIME” items
Initial Steps
Diversion / Descent
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 15 OLM FBW 2006
1
4 e-briefing
3 Latest Changes in the Procedure
2 Review of the Airbus Smoke Procedure
Introduction
Contents
4 Conclusion
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 16 OLM FBW 2006
Smoke / Fumes Checklist Industry WorkshopSmoke / Fumes Checklist Industry Workshop
Latest Changes in the procedure
Airlines
Regulators/Safety Board
Associations/Organization
Manufacturers
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 17 OLM FBW 2006
Smoke / Fumes Checklist Industry WorkshopSmoke / Fumes Checklist Industry Workshop
Latest Changes in the procedure
Industry ConsensusIndustry Consensus
A common philosophyA common philosophy for flight crew response to in-flight Smoke/Fire/Fumes events
A generic checklist templateA generic checklist templatebased on the established philosophy
BEFOREManufacturer and Customer
checklists vary widelyin format & content
Workshops Objectives
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 18 OLM FBW 2006
Smoke / Fumes Checklist Industry Workshop OutcomeSmoke / Fumes Checklist Industry Workshop Outcome
Latest Changes in the procedure
The ENTIREENTIRE crew must be part of the solution.
For Smoke/Fire/Fumes events: TIME IS CRITICALTIME IS CRITICAL.
A SINGLE CHECKLISTSINGLE CHECKLIST template to address non-ECAM events.SMOKE REMOVAL Checklist easily accessible.
Use of LARGE FONTLARGE FONT for legibility of checklist in smoke environment.
Definition of INITIAL STEPSINITIAL STEPS:– quick / simple / reversible – to stop smoke recirculation, enable Crew Protection & Communication.– not requiring analysis by the crew– not making the situation worse or inhibit further assessment
Smoke / Fumes Checklist Industry WorkshopSmoke / Fumes Checklist Industry Workshop
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 19 OLM FBW 2006
Application of SMOKE REMOVALSMOKE REMOVALIF DENSE SMOKE replaced by if SMOKE / FUMES becomes the GREATEST THREAT.
Smoke / Fumes Checklist Industry Workshop OutcomeSmoke / Fumes Checklist Industry Workshop Outcome
Latest Changes in the procedure
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 20 OLM FBW 2006
DiversionDiversion initiation
FCOM Vol 3
QRH
Smoke / Fumes Checklist Industry Workshop OutcomeSmoke / Fumes Checklist Industry Workshop Outcome
Latest Changes in the procedure
BEBE«« DIVERSION MINDED
DIVERSION MINDED »»
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 21 OLM FBW 2006
““Immediate LandingImmediate Landing””If situation UNMANAGEABLEMay mean:– Overweight landing– Tail wind landing– Off airport landing
Latest Changes in the procedure
Smoke / Fumes Checklist Industry Workshop OutcomeSmoke / Fumes Checklist Industry Workshop Outcome
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 22 OLM FBW 2006
1
4 e-briefing
3 Latest Changes in the Procedure
2 Review of the Airbus Smoke Procedure
Introduction
Contents
4 Conclusion
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 23 OLM FBW 2006
e-briefing: Introduction
Objectives of the e-briefingTo gather all the information available on a subject.To take the benefit of audio and video
Objectives of the FCTMTo ensure proper understanding of the design and proceduresTo explain why and how to apply a procedureTo answer the most frequent questionsTo avoid the most frequent errors
To enhance coordination between cabin and cockpit crew
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 24 OLM FBW 2006
e-briefing: Introduction
HTML document soon available on www.airbusworld.com
• Click on underlined topic
Pop up
e-briefing for pilots: Tailstrike avoidance on long range aircraft
Crosswind TakeoffEffect on tail clearance
e-briefing for pilots: Tailstrike avoidance on long range aircraft December 2004
Customer Services
Presentation
Video
Procedures
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 25 OLM FBW 2006
e-briefing: General view
Procedures
AIRBUS INDUSTRIE
QUICK REFERENCEHANDBOOK
AIRBUS INDUSTRIE
QUICK REFERENCEHANDBOOK
•Use of QRH procedure
Cockpit Cabin
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 26 OLM FBW 2006
Procedures
AIRBUS INDUSTRIE
QUICK REFERENCEHANDBOOK
AIRBUS INDUSTRIE
QUICK REFERENCEHANDBOOK
•Use of QRH procedure
e-briefing: General view
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 27 OLM FBW 2006
e-briefing: Left column
Validity of the e-briefing
Welcome video
(Only a reference; no link)
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 28 OLM FBW 2006
e-briefing: General view
Procedures
AIRBUS INDUSTRIE
QUICK REFERENCEHANDBOOK
AIRBUS INDUSTRIE
QUICK REFERENCEHANDBOOK
•Use of QRH procedure
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 29 OLM FBW 2006
e-briefing: Right column
System description
Common to both pages
Communication and coordination between the cabin and flight crew are essential.
The information that the flight crew receives from the cabin crew determines the course of action that the flight crew will take. Therefore, it is vitally important that the flight crew receives a realistic account of the events in the cabin, as they occur.
If smoke or fumes are detected in the cabin, the flight crew should be informed immediately.
One cabin crewmember should act as a liaison between the cabin and the cockpit, via the interphone: This will avoid conflicting information. The information should be clear and concise, and reflect the conditions in the cabin. Remember to “Keep it Simple”!
• Location • Source (if possible) • Severity (density, color, odor, how it is affecting people) • Action taken.
Never underestimate the severity of smoke and fire, when reporting to the flight crew. Do not mention fire, unless flames are actually visible.
Cockpit/Cabin coordination
• Coffee maker smoke, immediately identified and isolated
• Smoke source not immediately identified
Communication and coordination between the cabin and flight crew are essential.
The information that the flight crew receives from the cabin crew determines the course of action that the flight crew will take. Therefore, it is vitally important that the flight crew receives a realistic account of the events in the cabin, as they occur.
If smoke or fumes are detected in the cabin, the flight crew should be informed immediately.
One cabin crewmember should act as a liaison between the cabin and the cockpit, via the interphone: This will avoid conflicting information. The information should be clear and concise, and reflect the conditions in the cabin. Remember to “Keep it Simple”!
• Location • Source (if possible) • Severity (density, color, odor, how it is affecting people) • Action taken.
Never underestimate the severity of smoke and fire, when reporting to the flight crew. Do not mention fire, unless flames are actually visible.
Cockpit/Cabin coordination
Communication and coordination between the cabin and flight crew are essential.
The information that the flight crew receives from the cabin crew determines the course of action that the flight crew will take. Therefore, it is vitally important that the flight crew receives a realistic account of the events in the cabin, as they occur.
If smoke or fumes are detected in the cabin, the flight crew should be informed immediately.
One cabin crewmember should act as a liaison between the cabin and the cockpit, via the interphone: This will avoid conflicting information. The information should be clear and concise, and reflect the conditions in the cabin. Remember to “Keep it Simple”!
• Location • Source (if possible) • Severity (density, color, odor, how it is affecting people) • Action taken.
Never underestimate the severity of smoke and fire, when reporting to the flight crew. Do not mention fire, unless flames are actually visible.
Communication and coordination between the cabin and flight crew are essential.
The information that the flight crew receives from the cabin crew determines the course of action that the flight crew will take. Therefore, it is vitally important that the flight crew receives a realistic account of the events in the cabin, as they occur.
If smoke or fumes are detected in the cabin, the flight crew should be informed immediately.
One cabin crewmember should act as a liaison between the cabin and the cockpit, via the interphone: This will avoid conflicting information. The information should be clear and concise, and reflect the conditions in the cabin. Remember to “Keep it Simple”!
• Location • Source (if possible) • Severity (density, color, odor, how it is affecting people) • Action taken.
Never underestimate the severity of smoke and fire, when reporting to the flight crew. Do not mention fire, unless flames are actually visible.
Cockpit/Cabin coordinationCockpit/Cabin coordination
• Coffee maker smoke, immediately identified and isolated
• Smoke source not immediately identified
• Coffee maker smoke, immediately identified and isolated
• Smoke source not immediately identified
• Coffee maker smoke, immediately identified and isolated
• Smoke source not immediately identified
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 30 OLM FBW 2006
e-briefing: Right column
System description
Common to both pages
Communication and coordination between the cabin and flight crew are essential.
The information that the flight crew receives from the cabin crew determines the course of action that the flight crew will take. Therefore, it is vitally important that the flight crew receives a realistic account of the events in the cabin, as they occur.
If smoke or fumes are detected in the cabin, the flight crew should be informed immediately.
One cabin crewmember should act as a liaison between the cabin and the cockpit, via the interphone: This will avoid conflicting information. The information should be clear and concise, and reflect the conditions in the cabin. Remember to “Keep it Simple”!
• Location • Source (if possible) • Severity (density, color, odor, how it is affecting people) • Action taken.
Never underestimate the severity of smoke and fire, when reporting to the flight crew. Do not mention fire, unless flames are actually visible.
Cockpit/Cabin coordination
• Coffee maker smoke, immediately identified and isolated
• Smoke source not immediately identified
Communication and coordination between the cabin and flight crew are essential.
The information that the flight crew receives from the cabin crew determines the course of action that the flight crew will take. Therefore, it is vitally important that the flight crew receives a realistic account of the events in the cabin, as they occur.
If smoke or fumes are detected in the cabin, the flight crew should be informed immediately.
One cabin crewmember should act as a liaison between the cabin and the cockpit, via the interphone: This will avoid conflicting information. The information should be clear and concise, and reflect the conditions in the cabin. Remember to “Keep it Simple”!
• Location • Source (if possible) • Severity (density, color, odor, how it is affecting people) • Action taken.
Never underestimate the severity of smoke and fire, when reporting to the flight crew. Do not mention fire, unless flames are actually visible.
Cockpit/Cabin coordination
Communication and coordination between the cabin and flight crew are essential.
The information that the flight crew receives from the cabin crew determines the course of action that the flight crew will take. Therefore, it is vitally important that the flight crew receives a realistic account of the events in the cabin, as they occur.
If smoke or fumes are detected in the cabin, the flight crew should be informed immediately.
One cabin crewmember should act as a liaison between the cabin and the cockpit, via the interphone: This will avoid conflicting information. The information should be clear and concise, and reflect the conditions in the cabin. Remember to “Keep it Simple”!
• Location • Source (if possible) • Severity (density, color, odor, how it is affecting people) • Action taken.
Never underestimate the severity of smoke and fire, when reporting to the flight crew. Do not mention fire, unless flames are actually visible.
Communication and coordination between the cabin and flight crew are essential.
The information that the flight crew receives from the cabin crew determines the course of action that the flight crew will take. Therefore, it is vitally important that the flight crew receives a realistic account of the events in the cabin, as they occur.
If smoke or fumes are detected in the cabin, the flight crew should be informed immediately.
One cabin crewmember should act as a liaison between the cabin and the cockpit, via the interphone: This will avoid conflicting information. The information should be clear and concise, and reflect the conditions in the cabin. Remember to “Keep it Simple”!
• Location • Source (if possible) • Severity (density, color, odor, how it is affecting people) • Action taken.
Never underestimate the severity of smoke and fire, when reporting to the flight crew. Do not mention fire, unless flames are actually visible.
Cockpit/Cabin coordinationCockpit/Cabin coordination
• Coffee maker smoke, immediately identified and isolated
• Smoke source not immediately identified
• Coffee maker smoke, immediately identified and isolated
• Smoke source not immediately identified
• Coffee maker smoke, immediately identified and isolated
• Smoke source not immediately identified
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 31 OLM FBW 2006
e-briefing: Right column
System description
Common to both pages
Communication and coordination between the cabin and flight crew are essential.
The information that the flight crew receives from the cabin crew determines the course of action that the flight crew will take. Therefore, it is vitally important that the flight crew receives a realistic account of the events in the cabin, as they occur.
If smoke or fumes are detected in the cabin, the flight crew should be informed immediately.
One cabin crewmember should act as a liaison between the cabin and the cockpit, via the interphone: This will avoid conflicting information. The information should be clear and concise, and reflect the conditions in the cabin. Remember to “Keep it Simple”!
• Location • Source (if possible) • Severity (density, color, odor, how it is affecting people) • Action taken.
Never underestimate the severity of smoke and fire, when reporting to the flight crew. Do not mention fire, unless flames are actually visible.
Cockpit/Cabin coordination
• Coffee maker smoke, immediately identified and isolated
• Smoke source not immediately identified
Communication and coordination between the cabin and flight crew are essential.
The information that the flight crew receives from the cabin crew determines the course of action that the flight crew will take. Therefore, it is vitally important that the flight crew receives a realistic account of the events in the cabin, as they occur.
If smoke or fumes are detected in the cabin, the flight crew should be informed immediately.
One cabin crewmember should act as a liaison between the cabin and the cockpit, via the interphone: This will avoid conflicting information. The information should be clear and concise, and reflect the conditions in the cabin. Remember to “Keep it Simple”!
• Location • Source (if possible) • Severity (density, color, odor, how it is affecting people) • Action taken.
Never underestimate the severity of smoke and fire, when reporting to the flight crew. Do not mention fire, unless flames are actually visible.
Cockpit/Cabin coordination
Communication and coordination between the cabin and flight crew are essential.
The information that the flight crew receives from the cabin crew determines the course of action that the flight crew will take. Therefore, it is vitally important that the flight crew receives a realistic account of the events in the cabin, as they occur.
If smoke or fumes are detected in the cabin, the flight crew should be informed immediately.
One cabin crewmember should act as a liaison between the cabin and the cockpit, via the interphone: This will avoid conflicting information. The information should be clear and concise, and reflect the conditions in the cabin. Remember to “Keep it Simple”!
• Location • Source (if possible) • Severity (density, color, odor, how it is affecting people) • Action taken.
Never underestimate the severity of smoke and fire, when reporting to the flight crew. Do not mention fire, unless flames are actually visible.
Communication and coordination between the cabin and flight crew are essential.
The information that the flight crew receives from the cabin crew determines the course of action that the flight crew will take. Therefore, it is vitally important that the flight crew receives a realistic account of the events in the cabin, as they occur.
If smoke or fumes are detected in the cabin, the flight crew should be informed immediately.
One cabin crewmember should act as a liaison between the cabin and the cockpit, via the interphone: This will avoid conflicting information. The information should be clear and concise, and reflect the conditions in the cabin. Remember to “Keep it Simple”!
• Location • Source (if possible) • Severity (density, color, odor, how it is affecting people) • Action taken.
Never underestimate the severity of smoke and fire, when reporting to the flight crew. Do not mention fire, unless flames are actually visible.
Cockpit/Cabin coordinationCockpit/Cabin coordination
• Coffee maker smoke, immediately identified and isolated
• Smoke source not immediately identified
• Coffee maker smoke, immediately identified and isolated
• Smoke source not immediately identified
• Coffee maker smoke, immediately identified and isolated
• Smoke source not immediately identified
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 32 OLM FBW 2006
e-briefing: General view
Procedures
AIRBUS INDUSTRIE
QUICK REFERENCEHANDBOOK
AIRBUS INDUSTRIE
QUICK REFERENCEHANDBOOK
•Use of QRH procedure
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 33 OLM FBW 2006
e-briefing: Main area
Various smoke sources
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 34 OLM FBW 2006
e-briefing: Cabin page
•Use of QRH procedure
Procedures
Cabin
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 35 OLM FBW 2006
e-briefing: Procedures for pilots
Procedures
AIRBUS INDUSTRIE
QUICK REFERENCEHANDBOOK
AIRBUS INDUSTRIE
QUICK REFERENCEHANDBOOK
•Use of QRH procedure
AIRBUS INDUSTRIE
QUICK REFERENCEHANDBOOK
AIRBUS INDUSTRIE
QUICK REFERENCEHANDBOOK
•Use of QRH procedure
AIRBUS INDUSTRIE
QUICK REFERENCEHANDBOOK
AIRBUS INDUSTRIE
QUICK REFERENCEHANDBOOK
ECAM or Paper ?
Procedure structure
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 36 OLM FBW 2006
e-briefing: Procedures for pilots
Use of QRH procedure
ECAM or Paper ?
Other ECAM smoke warning
ECAM “AVIONICS VENT SMOKE”
warning
Crew (cockpit or cabin) perception without
ECAM warning
Switching from ECAM to paper:
•On A320•On A330/340
Apply ECAM first.Then, if any doubt about smoke origin: Ref to QRH
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 37 OLM FBW 2006
e-briefing: Procedures for pilots
Anticipate Diversion
ImmediateActions
Initiate Diversion
Source identification and fighting
BOXED ITEMS
Consider SMOKE/FUMES removal
Consider EMER CONFIG
AVNCS/CKPT(Electrical)
AirConditioning
Consider IMMEDIATE LANDING Cabin
equipment
LAND ASAPProcedure structure
At any time:
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 38 OLM FBW 2006
e-briefing
It will be enriched progressively with video and other documents
Procedures
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Smoke Procedure Finalization 39 OLM FBW 2006
Airbus smoke procedure philosophy finalized and in line with international recommendations.
SA and LR paper procedures harmonized. ECAM procedures will soon be harmonized as well (FWC F4).
Situation Awareness and procedure understanding improved by the FCTM and the e-briefing.
Conclusion
A IR B U S IN D U STR IE
Q U IC K R E F E R E N C EH A N D B O O K
BEBE«« DIVERSION MINDED
DIVERSION MINDED »»
TIME ISTIME IS
CRITICAL
CRITICAL
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