socrates and socratic method
Post on 15-Oct-2015
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Socrates was an
early Greek philosopher
and teacher (c. 470
399 B.C.E.) whobelieved that the best
way to teach and learn
was through
disciplined, rigorous
questioning.
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Socratic questioning is dis iplined questioningthat can be used to explore thought in many
directions and for many purposes.
Socrates often attempted to help the student
uncover self-deception in his thinking. This
provides evidence that Socrates was aware of
the self-deceptive nature of human thought.
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PURPOSES OF SOCRATIC METHOD:
to explore complex ideas
to get to the truth of things
to open up issues and
problems
to uncover assumptions
to analyze concepts
to distinguish what we know
from what we dont know, and to follow out logical
implications of thought
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The Socratic method involves two primaryprocesses - the destructiveand the
constructiveprocess.
A. In the destru tive pro ess, ideas formerlyheld dear to the student are shown to beillogical or otherwise unsound. In otherwords, the student comes to recognize theflawed nature of his reasoning.
B. In the onstru tive pro ess, the student isencouraged to replace the flawed thinkingwith logical or justifiable thinking.
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Teachers temperament is vital: a
respectful, non-confrontational
devils advocate
Questioning process challenges
assumptions and moves students
toward greater specificity
Proposition of hypothetical
situations
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Students come to knowledge in
their own through carefully wordedquestions that spur a particular train
of thought
For the modern method to work,students are expected to be
prepared for class in advance
Pedagogically, the modern method
encourages students to reason
critically rather than appeal to
authority
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Why should we bring critical thinking intoinstruction? What does it add toschooling?
What is the relationship between criticalthinking and education?
How can we bring critical thinking into
everything we do in the classroomefficiently?What does it mean to be an educated
person?
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