solids metallic crystals alloys – mixtures of metals – done to strengthen or make a metal less...
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Solids
Metallic Crystals Alloys – mixtures of metals – done to
strengthen or make a metal less brittle or subject to oxidation.
2 types Substitutional – when metal atoms
are of similar size Interstitial – when one atom is
smaller than the other, fills in the spaces between the larger ones
Substitutional Interstitial
Solids
Metallic crystals Substitutional alloy
Silver alloyed with gold, replace one set of attractive forces with an almost equal set of attractive forces with the added metal. Result: alloy has properties that
tend to fall somewhere between the two separate metals
Solids
Metallic crystals Interstitial alloys
Incorporate one atom into the existing structure with little change in volume- results in increased density
Increases total attractive forces in the alloy
Usually stronger and harder than original materials
Solids
Ionic Crystals Attraction of a cation and an anion is
the strongest attractive force known in chemistry. Alternating positive & negative
ions Almost all ionic compounds are
solids with rigid crystal structures (lattices)
Take a large amount of lattice energy to separate the ions!
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