specialized cells, biology

Specialized Cells

Specialized Cells

Plant’s and animal’s cells are specialized to carry their job efficiently. Specialized cells are cells that have a

particular adaptation to preform a special task.

Animal Specialized Cells

1. Red Blood Cell2. White blood Cell and its types3. Ciliated Epithelial Cell4. Nerve Cell5. Muscle Cell6. Sperm Cell (gamete cell)7. Ovum Cell (gamete cell)

Red Blood CellsO Red blood cells are very

important for our bodies. It is found in the blood. Our blood is made up of a liquid part. The red blood cells are found in this liquid part of the blood.

Place of Red Blood Cell

O Where is it found?It’s found in the blood.

Adaptation of the Red Blood Cell

o What is its adaptation?O It has the biconcave disc-shape for

more surface area in exchanging gases.

O It has no nucleus in its cytoplasm to have more space for the haemoglobin.

Function of the Red Blood Cell

o What is the function of this cell?O It carries the oxygen.O It makes the blood red because it

has haemoglobin.

White Blood CellO White blood cells are really

important. It protects our lives everyday. Without we won’t be able to live.

Place of White Blood Cells

O Where is it found?It is found in the blood.

Adaptation of White Blood Cell

o What is its adaptation?O There are 2 types of white blood

cells:Lymphocytes

They have large

nuclei.They

produce antibodies

to kill bacteria.

Phagocytes

They have lobed

nuclei.They engulf

bacteria because the

nucleus allows it to change its

shape.

Function of White Blood Cell

o What is its function?O It kills the bacteria to protect our

lives.

Ciliated Epithelial Cells

O Ciliated epithelial cells are very important. They protect us by trapping any dust or bacteria in the air we breathe. Smoking stops the ciliated epithelial cells from working. If it stopped it may affect on our lungs.

Place of the Ciliated Epithelial Cells

o Where is it found?It is found in the trachea, bronchi and

oviducts.

Adaptation of Ciliated Epithelial Cells

o What is its adaptation?

O It has cilia which is produced by the cytoplasm. Cilia is a thin hair like structure.

Function of the Ciliated Epithelial Cells

o What is its function?O Mucus traps the dust particles, then

the cilia beats in a rhythm to move this mucus out of the body.

O It helps the ovum to move.

Muscle CellsO Muscle cells are very important.

They allow our bodies to move. Without it we won’t be able to move.

Place of Muscle Cellso Where is it found?

It is found in the muscular system.

Adaptation of the Muscle Cell

o What is its adaptation?O It is long. It has bands of proteins.

The muscle cells are arranged in fibers that helps it to run along the length of the muscle.

Function of Muscle Cells

o What are their functions?O They contract which helps the

muscle to move.

Neuron/ Nerve CellsO Nerve cells are very important.

They send us the impulses to accomplish a task.

Place of the Neurono Where is it?

It is found in our nervous system.

Adaptation of the Neuron

o What is its adaptation?O It is long and branched.

Function of the Neuron

o What is the function of it?O It carries the impulses. The way

it is branched allows the impulses to be conducted and co-ordinated. It carries the impulses long distances without getting interrupted.

Gametes or Sex CellsO Gametes are cells that are

responsible in reproduction.O There are 2 types of gametes:

Gametes

Ovum

Sperm Cell

Sperm CellO Sperm cell is the male

reproductive cell.

Place of Sperm Cello Where is it?

It in the male reproductive system.

Adaptation of Sperm Cell

o How does it look like?O It is long and has a neck, head and a

tail. The head produces enzymes to enter to the ovum so fertilization can take place. The neck has lots of mitrochondria which provides it with the energy it needs. The tail pushes side to side to push the cell forward.

Function of Sperm Cello What does it do?O It carries the genetic information of

the male parent. It combines with the egg cell to form a new embryo.

Egg Cell/OvumO It is the reproductive cell in the

female.

Place of Ovumo Where is it?It is in the female reproductive system.

Adaptation of Ovumo How does it look like?O It is very large. It has lots of

cytoplasm which acts as the stored food for the developing embryo.

Function of Ovumo What does it do?O It provides food for the growing

embryo. It stores the genetic information of the female part.

O All of these are animal cells. All of them are very important for our bodies.

Plant Specialized Cells

1. Root Hair Cell2. Palisade Cell3. Xylem Vessel /Cell

Root Hair CellO It is very useful for the plants. It

allows more water and minerals to enter the plant.

Place of Root Hair Cell

o Where is it ?It is in the roots hair.

Adaptation of Root Hair Cell

o How does it look like?O It is a thin thread like structure.O It is an elongated cell.O It has no chloroplasts.O It has many mitrochondria, that

some water and minerals are absorbed actively.

Function of Root Hair Cell

o What is its function?O Its absorbs some water and minerals

actively.

Palisade CellsO Palisade cells are very important

for plant cells. They help them to make their food.

Place of Palisade Cellso Where is it?

It is found in the leaves.

Adaptation of Palisade Cells

o How does it look like?O It has a large surface area.O It has lots of chloroplasts. O The cell wall and other parts of the

cytoplasm are transparent to let the light pass through the leaf.

O It has an oblong shape.

Function of Palisade Cells

o What does it do?O It absorbs sunlight for

photosynthesis.

Xylem Cells/ Vessels

OThese cell are important as well. They help in transporting water.

Place of Xylem Cello Where is it?

It is found in the stem.

Adaptation of Xylem Cell

o How does it look like?O It is long , thin hollow tube for

uninterrupted flow of water.O The vessels are formed of column of

cells with no end walls, nucleus and cytoplasm.

Function of Xylem Cells

o What does it do?O It helps to transport water and also

provide support.

Plant’s specialized cells are very important for the plant’s cells. Without these cells the plant won’t be able to live.

O Specialized cells for plants and animals are very important. Without them they won’t be able to live. As each of these cells preform a special function without them this function won’t be accomplished.

Made by: Fatima Al-Zahraa Abdullah

Grade: 7.A

Subject: Biology

Teacher: Ashraf