strategies for effective monitoring in latin america and...
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Conserving Birds & Their Habitats
Viviana Ruiz-Gutierrez, Ph.D. Senior Scientist, International Program
Rocky Mountain Bird Observatory
Strategies for effective monitoring in Latin America and the Caribbean
Monitoring in Latin America
• Full annual-cycle conservation • Hinges on information for wintering migrants
– Abundance
Baird’s sparrow
Monitoring in Latin America
• Full annual-cycle conservation • Hinges on information for wintering migrants
– Abundance – Distribution
Blackpoll Warbler
Monitoring in Latin America
• Full annual-cycle conservation • Hinges on information for wintering migrants
– Abundance – Distribution – Overwintering persistence and annual survival
Monitoring in Latin America
• Full annual-cycle conservation • Hinges on information for wintering migrants
– Abundance – Distribution – Overwintering persistence and annual survival – Critical stopover habitats
Major Neotropical Stopover Regions
Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia / NW Colombia – Catharus, vireos, Tennessee W, Blackburnian W
Nicaragua, Honduras, Guatemala – Catharus, Vireos, Cerulean W.
Northern Amazon Spring – Catharus, Vireos
Llanos, Venezuela & Colombia – Bobolink
W. Mexico Spring – western species/ populations
Yucatan Autumn – Red-eyed Vireo, Purple Martin SE Mexico Spring – Wood
Thrush, Kentucky W.
• Information critical to FAC conservation • Not summarized or coordinated • Information collected by LA scientists and
monitoring networks is not accessible – National Park Systems – Landscape-level monitoring projects
o Manaus, September 2014: conference on citizen science monitoring networks in Latin America
• Highlights the need for an integrated population monitoring program • Neotropical Residents and Migrants
Monitoring in Latin America
• What information exists to inform FAC conservation?
• Where are critical gaps of information, and how do we fill them?
• What are the regional/political/conservation contexts of this information?
• Who are our stakeholders and decision makers?
Integrated Pop. Monitoring Program
Integrated Population Monitoring Program
Integrated population models
Results
NGO’s Government agencies
Public information
Other stakeholders
Habitat and land-use data
Environmental data
Demography Count-based
Survival (Adult, juvenile)
Productivity and breeding
success Population
trends Distribution Abundance
Outreach and education
Modified from the British Trust of Ornithology
Connectivity
• What information exists to inform FAC conservation?
• Where are critical gaps of information, and how do we fill them?
• What are the regional/political/conservation contexts of this information?
• Who are our stakeholders and decision makers?
Integrated Pop. Monitoring Program
Annual-cycle of Neotropical migrants Jan
F
April
M
J July
A
S
Oct
N
D
breeding overwintering migration
Adapted from P. Marra
M
Population trends (X)
Distribution (all)
Abundance (?)
Breeding and annual adult survival (>100)
Productivity
Overwintering survival (26+)
Distribution (?) Abundance (?)
Connectivity (?)
Connectivity (?)
IPM-LA
IPM-NA
Annual adult survival (19+)
Population trends (?)
Latin America and Caribbean IPMP
Integrated population models
Results
NGO’s Government agencies
Public information
Other stakeholders
Habitat and land-use data
Environmental data
Demography Count-based
Wintering and Annual Survival (MoSI: 02-15)
Population trends
Distribution eBird Abundance
Outreach and education
Modified from the British Trust of Ornithology
Connectivity
Improve statistical design of demographic
programs
MoSI: power analyses, color bands for priority
species
Improve measures of connectivity
Priority species: #sp with survival estimates?
Challenges of current information
Coordinate among existing bird banding efforts
in Latin America
Provide increased coverage and information on
overwintering and annual survival
• Coordinate protocols and ‘added value’ efforts – Color banding of priority species – Basis for geolocators – Feather collection – Blood samples: mercury
Challenges of current information
• What information exists to inform FAC conservation?
• Where are critical gaps of information, and how do we fill them?
• What are the regional/political/conservation contexts of this information?
• Who are our stakeholders and decision makers?
Integrated Pop. Monitoring Program
Latin America and Caribbean IPMP
Integrated population models
Results
NGO’s Government agencies
Public information
Other stakeholders
Habitat and land-use data
Environmental data
Demography Count-based
Wintering and Annual Survival (MoSI: 02-15)
Population trends
Distribution eBird Abundance
Outreach and education
Modified from the British Trust of Ornithology
Connectivity
Structured protocols in eBird
Central America (excluding MX) All Time: 2,699,635 Obs. 2014: +21%
Caribbean All Time: 895,322 Obs. 2014: + 20%
South America All Time: 3,300,329 Obs. 2014: +22%
MoSI: gaps in existing coverage
Filling in information gaps
• How do we sustain, expand and improve MoSI? • Funding scheme supported by US partners • Increased relevance of MoSI framework for resident
birds – Do we need a complimentary protocol?
• How to de improve capacity for data storage and management in Latin America? • Impediment to many national-level monitoring efforts
in LA – Conservation Areas system in Costa Rica
Filling in information gaps
• How do we improve quantitative capacity in Latin America? • Data analysis and study design:
– BBS, eBird structured protocols
• Produce relevant results for both migrant and resident birds – Limiting factor in securing funding – Justification for funding and support from government
agencies
• To date: – > 200 students, 8 Universities, 12 Countries – NGO, Government and Academic sectors
• What information exists to inform FAC conservation?
• Where are critical gaps of information, and how do we fill them?
• What are the regional/political/conservation contexts of this information?
• Who are our stakeholders and decision makers?
Integrated Pop. Monitoring Program
Regional context for bird monitoring
• Uneven surface for migratory bird monitoring and conservation in LA
• Example: forest conservation in CA • Changes in IUCN and CITES lists
• Main drivers of deforestation: 1. Drug trafficking 2. Poverty 3. Inequality 4. Corruption
• Remaining high forested areas are abandoned by governments (e.g. Darien, Petén, PILA) taken by drug traffickers
Regional context for bird monitoring
IUCN Forestry Governance and Economy Dept. • No more protected areas
PERFOR: Regional Forest Management Plan (‘14-’17) • REDD+: UN-Forest Carbon Partnership • SICA: Central American Integration System (Env) • CCAD: Central American Commission on Environment
and Development • CBM: Convention on Biological Diversity • ERB: Regional Strategy for the Conservation and
Sustainable Use of Biodiversity • PERTAP: Regional Strategic Program for Protected Areas • PROMEBIO: Regional Biodiversity Monitoring Program
Regional context for bird monitoring • REDD+: UN-Forest Carbon Partnership • SICA: Central American Integration System (Env) • CCAD: Central American Commission on Environment and
Development • CBM: Convention on Biological Diversity • ERB: Regional Strategy for the Conservation and Sustainable Use of
Biodiversity • PERTAP: Regional Strategic Program for Protected Areas • PROMEBIO: Regional Biodiversity Monitoring Program
• Where does an integrated bird monitoring program
fit in? • How are current initiatives and alliances tied to
existing initiatives?
• What information exists to inform FAC conservation?
• Where are critical gaps of information, and how do we fill them?
• What are the regional/political/conservation contexts of this information?
• Who are our stakeholders and decision makers?
Integrated Pop. Monitoring Program
Stakeholders in LA
• Latin America is an uneven surface • Capacity for monitoring
• Universities looked upon for management • Government is looked for regulation and regional
conservation measures – Define species of conservation priority
• NGO’s: interface of both
Stakeholders in LA
1 Government
3 NGO
2 Academia
• Partners representative of U.S. counterparts • WOTH meeting
– US Universities, scientists, graduate students – US Government agencies and NGO’s – Latin America: only NGO participants
• Need LA counterparts of these institutions • Influx of recent PhD’s into academic institutions • Qualified ornithologists with Lic. and MSc. • Government officials interested in bird conservation
Stakeholders in LA
Central America and Caribbean Joint Ventures?
Central American Species Assessment
• Mexico is our current pilot! 1. Demographic Monitoring:
• CONABIO: sponsor all Mexico MoSI stations – Bird monitoring is already part of their strategy – IBP: migratory bird data – CONABIO: captures of residents
• Test: – Do most stations need just monetary support? $ – What types of incentives do stations need? – What capacity needs help start/sustain stations?
o Data analysis? Results? Leadership?
• Guidance for MoSI strategic plan!
Will any of this work??
2. Count-based monitoring: • CONABIO:
– BBS routes in Northern States – First country to pay for eBird portal
o Many community-based monitoring groups o Lots of data coming in o Can this be used for structured monitoring? o Do these data match MoSI predictions?
Integrated Pop. Monitoring Program
Integrated Pop. Monitoring Program
• What information exists to inform FAC conservation?
• Where are critical gaps of information, and how do we fill them?
• What are the regional/political/conservation contexts of this information?
• Who are our stakeholders and decision makers?
Address these key questions
Central America Lab of Ornithology?
Integrated population models
Results
NGO’s Government agencies
Public information
Other stakeholders
Habitat and land-use data
Environmental data
Demography Count-based
Survival (Adult, juvenile)
Productivity and breeding
success Population
trends Distribution Abundance
Outreach and education
Connectivity
2. Creating an IPMP from an existing project • RMBO:
– Grassland Bird Conservation Monitoring Program – U.S. and Mexico
• Uniqueness: – Most information from the non-breeding grounds – Vital rates feed directly into management decisions – Inform both large-scale and local-level conservation – Model system for engaging partners and stake holders
Integrated Pop. Monitoring Program
Grasslands in North America
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov Dec
RMBO Chihuahuan Desert Grassland Bird Conservation Program, 2006-2014
Grassland Birds IMPM
Integrated population models
Habitat and land-use data
Environmental data
Demography Count-based
U.S.(2015): Survival A+J MX (06-15):
Survival A + J
U.S. (2015) Productivity,
breeding success
U.S. trends: BBS,
IMBCR
U.S. and MX: eBird
U.S. (2015) Density
MX (06-15): Density
Connectivity (2015)
Results
PROFAUNA, PRONATURA,
ABC, TNC
USFW, CONABIO, NFWF, BLM,
Southern Wings
CSU, UNAM, Universities
Grassland Bird Conservation
Plan
Ranchers, Schools
Grassland Bird Conservation Plan version 1.0
• 5 USFWS BCC species • Density and distribution
maps • Habitat relationships • Carrying capacity • Mgt. recommendations • Decision support tools • Available at
www.rmbo.org
Balanced partners
CONABIO, CONAMP
IMC, TNC, Profauna, BIDA, Pronatura Este, Pronatura Oeste
U.A. de Nuevo Leon, U. Juarez
de Durango, U, de Guadaljara, U. E.
de Sonora, UNAM, MSc and
PhD theses
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