structural basics

STRUCTURAL STRUCTURAL BASICSBASICS

STRUCTURAL BASICS STRUCTURAL BASICS

RedundancyRedundancy Brittleness/ductilityBrittleness/ductility Building dynamic behaviorBuilding dynamic behavior Degradation of structuralDegradation of structural

StrengthStrength StiffnessStiffness Stability Stability

EARTHQUAKE MOVEMENT

DIAGONALLY BRACED FRAME

SHEATHED FRAME

MOMENT-RESISTING FRAME

CRACKING AT GIRDER-COLUMN CONNECTION

MASONRY MASONRY CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION

Unreinforced brick masonry bearing Unreinforced brick masonry bearing wall buildingswall buildings

Unreinforced concrete block Unreinforced concrete block masonry bearing wall buildingsmasonry bearing wall buildings

Steel-frame with masonry infill Steel-frame with masonry infill buildingsbuildings

Reinforced masonry buildings Reinforced masonry buildings

FAILURE OF UNREINFORCED MASONRY PARAPET AND WALL

BARRICADED AREA SUBJECT TO FALLING HAZARD

STAIRSTEP CRACKS USUALLY INDICATE UNREINFORCED CONCRETE BLOCK WALL

PIERS CRACKED FROM POUNDING AT LEVEL OF ADJACENT ROOF

EFFECTS OF POUNDING BETWEEN BUILDINGS

HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL REINFORCINGCONCRETE BLOCK

MASONRY

BLOCKS PLACED ON END

CONTINUOUS VERTICAL JOINT

REINFORCED CONCRETE BLOCK

UNREINFORCED BRICK MASONRY

CONCRETE CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION

Structural walls or framesStructural walls or frames Cast-in-place or pre-castCast-in-place or pre-cast Combinations of the above Combinations of the above

DIAGONAL CRACKS IN CONCRETE

ATC-20-1:45

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