stuttering or stammering

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By: Christian Naranjo

The stuttering is: “A speech disorder in which the flow of

speech is interrupted by involuntary repetitions and prolongations of sounds,

syllables, words or phrases, and involuntary silent pauses

or blocks in which the stutterer is unable to produce

sounds.”Wikipedia

A. Generalities:

InterruptionsInterruptions

Muscular tension in face

Muscular tension in face

Muscular tension in neck

Muscular tension in neck

FearFear

StressStress

Stutterer

Gabbler

Not the sameNot the same• Expresses his thought in a correct.• The problem is the speed. • Does not have conscience of his problem

• An increased gabbler.• The stutterer is conscious of his problem.

Stuttering

Stuttering appears

AGESAGES

Confused with the difficulties to talk in

those ages

1 of 20 children become

a stutterer

Overcome the problem in

youth

• Also known as “speak more fluently” or prolonged speech.

• It trains stutterers to speak more fluently.

• Controlling:o Breathingo Phonationo Articulation

• How not to do Fluency shaping therapy:

"I" <long pause> "am" <long pause> "an" <long pause>

"American.“

• How to do Fluency shaping therapy:

"IIIIIIIIIIaaaaaaammmaaaaaaannnAAAAAAAmmmeeeeeeerrriiiiiiiiiika

aaaaaannn."

• The objective is not to eliminate the stuttering but to modify it.

• Reduce fear and anxiety.

• Intentionally stuttering to comprehend in what specific situation you stutter more.

• Altered auditory feedback.

• This effect can be produced by:o Speaking in chorus.o Covering unwanted

sounds .o Delaying the

stutterer's voice slightly.

o Altering the frequency of the feedback (Changing the pitch)

Physical problems:

-Speech problems

-Muscle tension

Psychological problems:-Negative emotions

-Embarrassment-Frustration

-Shame

• Avoid making comments such as: "speak more slowly", "do not get nervous“ and so on.• Never “help” the stutterer completing his phrases. • Maintain the eye contact.• Try to transmit that the important thing is what he says and not how he says it.• When the stutterer overcomes the block, do not say phrases like: "You did well“.

A. Personal Opinion:• A stutterer is not less than us.

• He is a person with the same abilities and opportunities as us.

• We have to help them.

• We have to practice the tips that we learnt before.

B. Recommendations:• Not to give up.

• Avoid feeling anxiety or stress.

• Not paying too much attention to his failures.

• Go to a specialist.

B. Recommendations:• Practicing all the “tips” that we talked about

• Be patient and comprehensive.

• Try to feel what he feels.

PollPoll

Gender Yes NoFemale 4 1

Male 4 0Total 8 1

Gender Yes NoFemale 2 3

Male 3 1Total 5 4

Gender Yes No

Female 3 2

Male 4 0Total 7 2

Thank Thank you for you for

your your attentioattentio

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