successful vegetabe gardening
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Mary Lou Roberts
SUCCESSFUL VEGETABLE GARDENING
TECHNIQUES AND TIPS
May 2014 Master Gardeners of Cape Cod
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Mary Lou Roberts
WHAT WE’RE GOING TO COVER
• Growing Vegetables• Should You be Organic (“Natural”)?• Try Edible Flowers• Winter Gardens are Fun• The Wonders of Compost
Master Gardeners of Cape CodMay 2014
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Mary Lou RobertsMaster Gardeners of Cape Cod
SHOULD YOU TAKE NOTES?
Please do if you want to remember any of my ‘words of wisdom.’
However, I’ve posted these slides on the Internet.I’ll give you that link and links to
Other important resourcesAt the end.
May 2014
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How Many of You Do Vegetable Gardening?
In Raised Beds? In the Ground? In Containers? Other???
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‘Roberts Rules’ of Vegetable Gardening
• Prepare the Growing Area
• Start Early
• Grow What You Like
• Keep Experimenting
• Above All HAVE FUN!
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GROWING VEGETABLES
PREPARE YOUR GROWING AREA
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PROVIDING THE LIGHT, WATER, NUTRIENTS, AIR THAT PLANTS REQUIRE
Courtesy Russell NortonCape Cod Cooperative Extension Education Officer
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THE BASICS
• At Least 6 Hours of Sunlight• Good Air Flow• Consistent Supply of Water• GOOD SOIL IS ESSENTIAL• Unfortunately, So is Weeding!
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The pH of Your Soil Is Important
http://albopepper.com/nutes.php
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Have Your Soil Tested
• Master Gardeners Office Tests for pH http://www.capecodextension.org/library/2012/09/Soil-Testing-Information-fact-sheet.pdf
• UMass Extension Does Test that Include Trace Minerals
http://soiltest.umass.edu/
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NPK - VITAL NUTRIENTS
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BALANCED FERTILIZER A SAFE CHOICE
More is Not Always Better!
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Mary Lou RobertsMaster Gardeners of Cape Cod
PLANTING RAISED BEDSAT THE DEMONSTRATION GARDEN
Drip Irrigation, Hay Everywhere Black Plastic for Heat Loving
Both Photos Courtesy Susan Sweeney, Master Gardener
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Mary Lou RobertsMaster Gardeners of Cape Cod
Good Soil Supports Many Forms of Life
Earthworms in Compost Noxious Insect in Soil
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GROWING VEGETABLES
START EARLY
[FOR MOST VEG, MEMORIAL DAY IS START DATE]
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Peas Mid-May
One Raised BedTwo Crops
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Peas Early June
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Peas in Mid-July When Other Vegs are Established
May 2014
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Kale, Broccoli Raab and Chard early AugustIntensive Planting Chokes out Weeds
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Thin by Eating!
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Mary Lou RobertsMaster Gardeners of Cape Cod
BUT THIN ADEQUATELY
Raab Smothering Kale Raab Gone
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GROWING VEGETABLES
GROW WHAT YOU LIKE
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Mary Lou RobertsMaster Gardeners of Cape Cod
TOMATOES ARE A FAVORITEIN THE GROUND OR IN CONTAINERS, PLANT DEEP
Clip Off Lower Leaves Bury the Leaf Nodes
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1. GETTING MANURE & COMPOST DOWN TO ROOTS2. TOMATOES HAVE TO BE SUPPORTED
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Fill Space with Plants You Like
Sticky Whitefly Trap
Fennel Attracts Beneficials
Fall Peas Climbing Sunflowers
Calendula Are EdibleZinnias Are Not
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KEEP EXPERIMENTING
WITH TYPES AND VARIETIES
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PAINTED LADY BEANS HAVE PRETTY BLOOMS
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BEANS GROWING UP SUNFLOWER STALKS
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TRY CONTAINERS
ESPECIALLY FOR SMALL OR DIFFICULT SPACES
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CONTAINER GARDENING BASICS
• Use a Commercial Potting Soil – Organic Recommended– Or Make Your Own (recipes can be found on web)
• Find Interesting Containers• Use Fast-Growing, Dwarf Plants• Go Vertical• Water Until Seeping Out Bottom• Fertilize Frequently
– Granular or Liquid– Time Release, Slow Release
• Refresh Soil Between Plantings– Earthwork Casings, Compost, Fertilizer, Perlite, Vermiculite
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HERBS ARE IDEAL FOR CONTAINERS
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MANY ITEMS WORK AS CONTAINERS
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MAKE IT A FAMILY AFFAIR
JUST DON’T FORGETTHE DRAINAGE HOLES
IN THE CONTAINER!
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Pinterest Board – Vertical Gardeninghttp://www.pinterest.com/kosie/vertical-gardens/
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GROWING VEG & HERBSAT THE SAN DIEGO ZOO
Dill Attracts Beneficial Insects
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SMART POTS ARE ALL THE RAGE
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First Teeny Potato Shoot
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SO ARE ROOFTOP & BALCONY GARDENS
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TRY EDIBLE/BENEFICIAL FLOWERS
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Mary Lou RobertsMaster Gardeners of Cape Cod
Nasturtiums Are Edibleand they reseed
Bees Like Asters
May 2014
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OTHER EDIBLE FLOWERS
• Bachelor’s Buttons• Dianthus• Some Marigolds in Addition to Calendula– Signet Paprika, Mexican Marigold Mint
One Theory is That If the Leaves are Edible,Flowers are Also (Borage, for example)
May 2014 Master Gardeners of Cape Cod
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SHOULD YOU BE ORGANIC?
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THE DEFINITION OF ORGANIC
Organic is a labeling term that indicates that the food or other agricultural product has been produced through approved methods. These methods integrate cultural, biological, and mechanical practices that foster cycling of resources, promote ecological balance, and conserve biodiversity. Synthetic fertilizers, sewage sludge, irradiation, and genetic engineering may not be used.
From the USDA National Organic Program websitehttp://www.ams.usda.gov/
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WHAT ORGANIC IS NOT
• Not Just the Avoidance of Conventional Chemicals
• More Than Just Substituting Organic Inputs for Inorganic Ones
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HOW DO WE IDENTIFY ORGANIC PRODUCTS?
There are other symbols. This is the official USDA symbol.
https://www.omri.org/
The definition of organic specifically excludes genetically engineered products (GMOs). http://www.councilforresponsiblegenetics.org/
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There is no official definition of
Natural.
‘Natural’ Can Mean Anything a Marketer Wishes!
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WINTER GARDENS ARE FUN
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Mary Lou RobertsMaster Gardeners of Cape Cod
MULCH IN FALLHARVEST MILD WINTERS OR SPRING
Parsley Survived the Winter Kale Did Not
May 2014
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PANSIES SURVIVED THE WINTER – AND ARE GREAT ON SALADS!
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THE WONDERS OF COMPOST
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How Many of You
Make Compost?
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WHAT IS COMPOSTING?
Composting is a process by which organic wastes are broken down by microorganisms,
generally bacteria and fungi, into simpler forms.
From UMass Extension Fact Sheet “Waste Management and Composting”
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BASIC COMPOSTING ISSUES
• Materials – 30 Carbon: 1 Nitrogen• Temperature = 160°– 3’ x 3’
• Environment– Warm, Damp Well Aerated
• Container
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DESIRABLE MATERIALS
http://extension.umass.edu/cdle/fact-sheets/waste-management-and-composting
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UNDESIRABLE MATERIALS
• Too Much Nitrogen, Water, Large Items• Cooked Material, Especially Meat• Inorganic Materials• DISEASED PLANT MATERIAL
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Non-Organic Soilfrom Flower Containers
Home-made Screen
I Use Both a Plastic Container
And Wire Bins
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GARDEN AND KITCHEN WASTE
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ALWAYS HAVE FUN!
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Purple Beans Get Attention
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Profusion of Sunflowers—Also Edible
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MAINTAIN
WEED AND WATER FAITHFULLY
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Mary Lou RobertsMaster Gardeners of Cape Cod
PLASTIC, CAGES KEEP PRODUCE OFF GROUND
Zucchini Directly on Plastic ‘Home Made’ Tomato Cages
Both Photos Courtesy of Bob Brancale, Master Gardener
May 2014
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INTENSIVE, SUCCESSION PLANTING OF VEG WITH DIFFERENT REQUIREMENTS
Courtesy of Bob Brancale, Master GardenerMaster Gardeners of Cape CodMay 2014
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MY IDEA OF A PERFECT GARDEN
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TO LEARN MOREENJOY AN EVENING IN THE GARDEN
Barnstable County Fairgrounds4:00 – 5:30 p.m.
June 2July 7
August 4September 8
Details http://www.capecodextension.org/library/2010/08/Evening-in-the-Garden2014.pdf
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MASTER GARDENERS OF CAPE COD
THANK YOU!
Questions/Discussion?
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Mary Lou RobertsMay 2014
Roberts.MaryLou001@gmail.com
Master Gardeners of Cape Cod
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