summer tasks on uav radar

Summer Tasks on UAV Radar

Under supervision of:Shannon RodríguezLihua LiGerry Heymsfield

Manuel A. Vega-CartagenaUPRM Graduate Student

Goddard Space Flight Center

Manuel A. Vega-Cartagena2

Objective

NASA IDEAS-ER grant received.

Develop a background on radar design while contributing to the UAV project.

Manuel A. Vega-Cartagena3

UAV Radar Project

The planned radar will have capabilities of ER-2 Doppler Radar (EDOP).

Nadir beam for vertical winds and precipitation structure.

Conical beam for ocean surface winds and surveillance of the precipitation regions of the storm.

Manuel A. Vega-Cartagena4

Tasks

Study radar literature.

Redesign UAV’s nadir sub-system RF front end block diagram.

Help bench test UAV’s conical sub-system Tx and Rx paths.

Design 80MHz/5MHz clock PCB.

Design a PCB for UAV’s Vicor power modules.

Manuel A. Vega-Cartagena5

UAV’s RF Front End Block Diagram

Requirements

– Magnetron frequency = 9.345 GHz

– Intermediate frequency = 60 MHz

– Calibration noise injection loop

– Receiver noise figure calculations

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UAV’s RF Front End Block Diagram

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80MHz / 5MHz PCB

Requirements

– Single 10MHz sine wave input.

– 80MHz and 5MHz TTL clock outputs for DAQ card.

– Four amplified analog sensing lines.

– Low profile components.

– PMC daughter card format.

– Original circuit design done by Shannon Rodríguez.

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80MHz / 5MHz PCB

5V

-5V

Frequency MultiplierAV9170

10 MHz10 MHz 40 MHz

Clock Block Diagram:

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80MHz / 5MHz PCB

PCB Construction– Board schematic and layout

done with Orcad software.– Built using router in building 22.

MezzanineConnectors

SOICComponents

D-Sub 15Sense Lines

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80MHz / 5MHz PCB

Board Testing– CPCISYS carrier board with daughter card.– Only DC Power from carrier board used.– Still undergoing debugging process.

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80MHz / 5MHz PCB

Test Results– 80MHz Clock Signal

80MHz TTL Clock Signal

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

-1.50E-07 -1.00E-07 -5.00E-08 0.00E+00 5.00E-08 1.00E-07 1.50E-07

Time (s)

Volta

ge (V

)

~1.3V

~0.4V

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80MHz / 5MHz PCB

5MHZ Clock Signal SMA5MHz TTL Clock Signal

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

-5.00E-07 -4.00E-07 -3.00E-07 -2.00E-07 -1.00E-07 0.00E+00 1.00E-07 2.00E-07 3.00E-07 4.00E-07 5.00E-07

Time (s)

Volta

ge (V

)

~1.6V

~0.1V

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80MHz / 5MHz PCB

Sensing Lines– Two additional lines were added.– Two inverting amplifier stages.– Gain values were changed.

3

21

411

-

+

U1A

LM324/SO

5

67

411

-

+

U2B

LM324/SO

0 0

R1

R

R2

R

R3

R

R4

R

VinVout

Manuel A. Vega-Cartagena14

80MHz / 5MHz PCB

Sense Lines– Tested using 10Vpp 1kHz

sine wave.

– Theoretical voltage gain value = 2.25.

– Gain variations may be caused by tolerance in resistances.

Sense LineOutput Voltage (Vpp)

Voltage Gain

1 19.53 1.953

2 20.31 2.031

3 19.53 1.953

4 19.53 1.953

Manuel A. Vega-Cartagena15

Vicor Power Modules PCB

Requirements– Eliminate wire connections

between modules.

– Reduce mounting time.

– Only one board for both +/- voltage configurations.

– Output voltages should be accessible and easy to change(+/- 5V, +/-12V, +/-15V).

Manuel A. Vega-Cartagena16

Vicor Power Modules PCB

Design Schematic– Power modules PCB.

Voltage selection jumper and output.

Wire connections elimination.

Bypass capacitors.

Chassis ground connection. 12

J1+28V

12

J2

GND

IN-

Gate

OUT

Gate

IN

IN+

OUT-

OUT+

-S

Trim +S

U1Vicor DC-DC Converter

-IN1

-Sin

2

+Sin

3

+IN

4

-OUT

9

-Sou

t8

NC7

+Sou

t6

+OUT

5

U2VI-RAM-I2

0

To Plate Screw

From Power Distribution Matrix

To Power Distribution Matrix

C1CAP

C2CAP

C3CAP

C4CAP

00

0 0

1 2 3 4

J3+/- OUT

0

Manuel A. Vega-Cartagena17

Vicor Power Modules PCB

PCB Construction– Maximum load currents calculation.

Imax = 5 A @+24VIN for 5V module. 12V and 15V modules have lower output currents. Track widths for 10°C temperature increase = 110 mils. Track clearances for +28V = 29 mils. Entire design done using standard low-cost 1oz. Cu thickness

board.– Components selection.

Connectors with unexposed contacts.

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Vicor Power Modules PCB

Finished Board

+28V Input

Chassis Ground

Output and VoltageSelection Jumper

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Vicor Power Modules PCB

Power Distribution Matrix– Used to eliminate barrier

block.– Makes output voltages more

accessible and easy to change.

12

J4+5V

12

J5-5V

12

J6+12V

12

J7-12V

1 2

J8+28V

1 2

J9+28V

1 2

J10+28V

1 2

J11+28V

1 2

J12+28V

To Power Modules

From AircraftFrom Power Modules

0

0

NOTE: All voltages available at each connector.Total Components = 10

To Components

12

34

56

J13CON6A

12

34

56

J14CON6A

12

34

56

J15CON6A

12

34

56

J16CON6A

12

34

56

J17CON6A

From Aircraft

To Power ModulesTo Components

From Power Modules

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Vicor Power Modules PCB

Finished BoardFrom Aircraft

To Power ModulesFrom PowerModules

To Components

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Vicor Power Modules PCB

Final Configuration

Manuel A. Vega-Cartagena22

UAV’s Conical Sub-System Tx and Rx Paths Testing

Task performed to gain hands-on experience.

Manuel A. Vega-Cartagena23

Learning Experience

Radar Theory Background– RF Front End Design– Power Requirements

PCB Design– ORCAD– Routing machine

Design Implementation

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Conclusions

Goals achieved!– 80MHz/5MHz daughter card PCB developed– Power Modules PCB design developed

Gained valuable hands-on experience.

Manuel A. Vega-Cartagena25

Questions

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List of Acronyms

UAV – Unmanned Air Vehicle IDEAS – Initiative to Develop Education through Astronomy

and Space Science DCAS – Distributed Collaborative Adaptive Sensing PCB – Printed Circuit Board TTL – Transistor-Transistor Logic

Manuel A. Vega-Cartagena27

Acknowledgements

Shannon Rodríguez / 555 Lihua Li / 912 Gerry Heymsfield / 613 Wai Fong / 567 Gerry McIntire / 613