support system and movement
Post on 04-Apr-2018
223 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
1/38
SUPPORT SYSTEM
AND MOVEMENT
By: Neinamay Fajardo
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
2/38
SUPPORT SYSTEM AND
MOVEMENT IN ANIMALS
PSEUDOEXOSKELETON
-is like a battle armour served as coverings of microscopic forms
(foraminiferous protozoans)
MULTICELLULAR GROUP
-are shelled mollusks such as snails, clams, oysters and many others
MESODERMAL ORIGIN
-is a skeletal system beneath the epidermis of the body wall, examples are
starfish and other kinds of echinoderms.
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
3/38
THE INVERTEBRATE
SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT
EXOSKELETON
-the most common skeleton that is found onthe outside of the body.
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
4/38
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
5/38
THE INVERTEBRATE
SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT
ARTHROPODS
-the largest group of animal withexoskeleton
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
6/38
EXAMPLES OF
ARTHROPODS
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
7/38A
discar
dedexoskelet
onof
adragonfly
nymph
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
8/38
THE INVERTEBRATE
SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT
DISADVANTAGES OF HAVING
ARTHROPODAN EXOSKELETON
-growth cannot be consequently regular and continuous
-they solved their problem by undergoing molting or ecdysis
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
9/38
THE INVERTEBRATE
SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT
MOLTING OR ECDYSIS
- is the manner in which an animal routinely casts off apart of its body.
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
10/38
THE VERTEBRATE
SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT
MOLTING FLUID
-a fluid poured out by certain cells.-it loosens the skin after a split occurs on the dorsal
surface through which the animal emerges.
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
11/38
THE VERTEBRATE
SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT
ECDYSIS
-the outer, hard portion of the exoskeleton is discarded.
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
12/38
THE VERTEBRATE
SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT
ARTICULATING AREAS OR
JOINTS-made movement possible.
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
13/38
THE VERTEBRATE
SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT
ENDOSKELETON
-also known as inner skeleton.
-it develops within the skin or in the deeper body tissues.
- made up of two types of tissues (bone and cartilage).
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
14/38
THE VERTEBRATE
SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT
TYPES OF BONES
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
15/38
THE VERTEBRATE
SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
16/38
THE VERTEBRATE
SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT
AXIAL SKELETON
-consists of the bones ad cartilage of trunk, skull, ribs,breastbone, and vertebrae.
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
17/38
THE VERTEBRATE
SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT
APPENDICULAR SKELETON
-includes the bones and cartilage of the limbs and fins.
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
18/38
THE VERTEBRATE
SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT
TWO ESSENTIAL STRUCTURE FOR EFFECTIVE
LOCOMOTION OF LARGER ORGANISMS:
SKELETAL STRUCTURE is used to support the muscles
MUSCLES are needed to change position of the body or to
move.
SUPPORT AND
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
19/38
SUPPORT AND
MOVEMENT in man
LIGAMENTS AND TENDONS
-attach bones to bones and muscles to bones, respectively,
thereby playing an indispensable role in locomotion
SUPPORT AND
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
20/38
SUPPORT AND
MOVEMENT in man
MARROW TISSUE
-performs the special task of manufacturing all red cells
and some kind of white ones.
SUPPORT AND
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
21/38
SUPPORT AND
MOVEMENT in man
AXIAL SKELETON
oSKULL
oBACKBONE
o
HYOID APPARATUSoRIBS
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
22/38
Three ear bones
SUPPORT AND
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
23/38
SUPPORT AND
MOVEMENT in man
APPENDICULAR SKELETON
oARMS
oLEGS
o
GIRDLES
SUPPORT AND
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
24/38
SUPPORT AND
MOVEMENT in man
APPENDICULAR SKELETON
o
64 BONES(UPPER APPENDAGES)
o62 BONES
(LOWER APPENDAGES)
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
25/38
SUPPORT AND
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
26/38
SUPPORT AND
MOVEMENT in man
MUSCULAR ACTIVITY
SUPPORT AND
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
27/38
SUPPORT AND
MOVEMENT in man
MOTOR UNIT
oConsists of a single motor neuron and the groupof muscle cells innervated by its axon.
SUPPORT AND
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
28/38
SUPPORT AND
MOVEMENT in man
o It is estimated that there are some 250,000,000
muscle cells, but only some 420,000 motor neurons
in spinal nerves.
SUPPORT AND
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
29/38
SUPPORT AND
MOVEMENT in man
Types of Muscles Cell
oSmooth or visceral muscles
oSkeletal or voluntary muscles
oCardiac or heart muscles
SUPPORT AND
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
30/38
SUPPORT AND
MOVEMENT in man
Smooth or Visceral Muscles
-are found attached to the internal organs. They have spindle-
shaped cells and exhibit no striations.
SUPPORT AND
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
31/38
SUPPORT AND
MOVEMENT in man
Cardiac Muscles
-are solely found in the heart. They are branching,
polynucleated, and with intercalary discs.
SUPPORT AND
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
32/38
SUPPORT AND
MOVEMENT in man
Skeletal Muscles
-are attached to the bones. They are long fibers that show faint
striations.
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
33/38
SUPPORT AND
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
34/38
SUPPORT AND
MOVEMENT in man
Muscular Contractions
oSkeletal Muscle contracts and relaxed in 0.1 second cycle
oCardiac Muscle 1 to 5 seconds.
oSmooth Muscle 3 to 180 seconds to complete the cycle.
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
35/38
SUPPORT AND
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
36/38
SUPPORT AND
MOVEMENT in man
Muscular Contractions
oBoth cardiac and smooth muscles contain actin and myosin
and the contraction process involves the hydrolysis of ATP
and an interaction between actin and myosin initiated by
calcium ions.
qu z
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
37/38
qu z
1. IN THIS PROCESS, THE OUTER, HARD PORTION OF THE
EXOSKELETON.
2-3. GIVE TWO TYPES OF BONES.
4. CONSIST OF BONE AND CARTILAGE OF TRUNK, SKULL,
RIBS, BREASTBONE, AND VERTEBRAE.
5. WHAT SYSTEM CANNOT FUNCTION WITHOUT THE OTHER?
qu z
-
7/29/2019 Support System and Movement
38/38
qu z
6-7. TWO SPECIALIZED KINDS OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE FIBERS
ATTACH BONES TO BONES AND MUSCLES TO BONES.
8-10. THREE TYPES OF MOVABLE JOINTS.
11-13. THREE TYPES OF MUSCLES
14.15. BOTH CARDIAC AND SMOOTH MUSCLES CONTAIN ----AND ---- AND THE CONTRACTION PROCESS INVOLVES
THE HYDROLYSIS OF ATP.
top related