sustainable manure and nutrient management for …...2019/09/03  · grass 2019-09-26 erik sindhöj,...

GRASS 2019-09-26

Erik Sindhöj, Project coordinator

Sustainable Manure and Nutrient management for reduction of nutrient loss in

the Baltic Sea Region

SuMaNu

Greener Agriculture for Sustainable Seas, Warsaw, 2019-09-26

Erik Sindhöj, PhDRISE – Research Institutes of Swedenerik.sindhoj@ri.se

Baltic SlurryAcidification

GRASS 2019-09-26

• Why should farmers be concerned about manure?• Path towards increasing circular nutrient cycles• How can slurry acidification help?

Overview of presentation

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Manure is a resource

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Nutrient losses from manure

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Nitrogen loss from a whole farm perspective (Kai et al. 2008)

100 kg N in pig manure

N in slurry

68 kg N

Animal houses

Manurestores

Applied in field

32 kg N

16 kg N

8 kg N

8 kg N

Untreated slurryGaseous emission

Ammonia emissions represent direct loss of Nitrogen.

Reducing ammonia emissions from manure results in higher fertilizer value and reduced need for mineral fertilizer.

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Other 7%

Agriculture93%

Ammonia emissions from the EU Baltic Sea Countries was 1 081 000 t of NH3-Nitrogen in 2016

Manure63%

Mineral Fertilizersand soils

37%

Source: EEA Report 6/2018

633 000 t NH3-N

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Source: EMEP Centres Joint Report for HELCOM

Nitrogen loss from ammonia emissions in EU Baltic Sea countries

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

kt N

H3

2020

2030Reduction targets

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Closing the nutrient loop

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Farm-level nutrient balances

Nutrients to the farm:• Fertilizers• Feed• New animals• Seeds• N fixation• N downfall

Nutrients off the farm:• Animal products• Crops• Sold animals• Manure (potentially)

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Know what is in the manure

• Manure sampling

• Calculation tools for manure amount and nutrient content

• Updated national standard values

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Fertilizer planning1) Soil analysis 2) Plant needs 3) Get the most of manure 4) complement only if necessary

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NH3 + H+ ↔ NH4+

NH3 + H2O ↔ NH4+ + OH-

NH3 + H+ ↔ NH4+

NH3

Ammonia - ammonium balance

How can acidification help?

NH3

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Direct effects of acidification on slurry

Slurry pH

NH

3em

issi

on

s, k

g N

ha-1

(Jarvis and Pain, 1990)

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Overview of slurry acidification technologies (SATs)

In-house In-storage In-field

Approx. 18% of all slurry acidified in Denmark in 2016**Karen Peters, DK EPA

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Ammonia emissions from pig houses,In-house ammonia reduction 70% (Kai et al. 2008)

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Ammonia emission reduction efficiency from outdoor storages

Reductionefficiency, %

Reference

67 Petersen et al. 2014

90 Reguero et al. 2016

90 Al-Kanani et al. 1992

62 Sommer et al. 2017

59 Owusu-Twum et al. 2017

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Hours after spreading

Am

mo

nia

emis

sio

ns,

kg

N/h

a

Cattle slurry

Acidified cattle slurry

Digested cattle slurry

Acidified digested cattle slurry

Ammonia emission from field applied slurry and digestate, Rodhe et al, 2014

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Nitrogen loss from a whole farm perspective (Kai et al. 2008)

100 kg N in pig manure

9 kg N81 kg N

Acidified slurry Gaseous emission

N in slurry

Animal houses

Manurestores

Applied in field

5 kg N

1 kg N

3 kg N

68 kg N

Animal houses

Manurestores

Applied in field

32 kg N

16 kg N

8 kg N

8 kg N

Untreated slurryGaseous emission

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Fert

ilizer

equiv

ale

nt

(fe)

,kg N

fert

ilizer per

100 k

g N

0

20

40

60

80

100

120Untreated

Acidified

20012002 2003 Average

2003

----Winter wheat---Spring barley

Fertilizer equivalent of in house acidifiedslurry (Kai et al. 2008)

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Investments in slurry acidification technologies

SWEDEN

LATVIA

GERMANY

LITHUANIA

POLAND

ESTONIA

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Slurry acidification in Poland

Przybkowo pig farm in Poland ITP experimental farm in Biebrza

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Pilot scale in-storage acidification test facility

ITP experimental farm in Falenty

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Field trials

•SE 3 yrs•DE 3 yrs•EE 2 yrs•FI 2 yrs•LV 1 yr•LT 1 yr•PL 2 yrs

+

+

++

++

++

+

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Conclusions/Recommendation

• Farm nutrient (NP) balances and Fertilizer planning based on soils status, crop needs and manure composition for all fields should be standard procedures for all farms

• Farmers need advisory support for accurate planning

• Slurry acidification effectively reduces ammonia emissions and increases manure nutrient use

• Slurry acidification can be implemented on farms in the BSR

• Farmers need support/incentives to implement green technologies

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Thank you!Questions?

Erik Sindhöj, PhD

RISE – Agrifood and Bioscienceerik.sindhoj@ri.se