system-level modelling: is-wireless tutorial on ieee globecom 2015
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System-level modelling of HetNets, Carrier Aggregation and Scheduling
in MATLAB Dr. Sławomir Pietrzyk
IEEE Globecom 2015 industry tutorial
Tutorial Outline
• About us
• LTE/LTE-Advanced introduction
• E-UTRA Rel.10: HetNets, Carrier Aggregation and SON
• LTE MAC Lab – system level simulator in MATLAB
• LTE-A HeNet use cases modelled in MATLAB – Heterogeneous Network
– Carrier Aggregation
– Scheduling
ABOUT
IS-Wireless is an advanced wireless communications company. We are developing protocols, simulators and IP algorithms.
We also deliver 4G and 5G courses.
Company overview
• IS-Wireless is a Polish software developer and IP provider specializing in advanced solutions for wireless systems.
• IS-Wireless develops 4G and 5G algorithms, protocols and tools that are targeted primarily at early technology adopters including ODMs, OEMs, chip vendors and operators.
Founder and CEO
Ownership
Location
Industry
Products
Services
Web
COMPANY FACTS
Slawomir Pietrzyk
Privately held
Piaseczno near Warsaw, Poland, EU
Wireless communications
Software: protocols and simulators, IP: algorithms and know-how
Technical courses, wireless systems design
www.is-wireless.com
LTE-Advanced
Introduction
4G System Requirements
IMT Advanced
…a set of key features for
ITU-R
Has defined…
…which are as follows:
• a high degree of commonality and functionality worldwide while retaining the flexibility to support a wide range of services and applications in
a cost efficient manner;
• compatibility of services within IMT and with fixed networks;
• capability of interworking with other radio access systems;
• high quality mobile services;
• user equipment suitable for worldwide use;
• user-friendly applications, services and equipment;
• worldwide roaming capability;
• enhanced peak data rates to support advanced services and applications (100Mbit/s for high and 1Gbit/s for low mobility were established
as targets for research).
…for the technology, that can be called:
A 4G System
3GPP Features’ Roadmap
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Release 8: • MIMO (4 layers) • TF Scheduling • FDD/TDD mode • OFDMA/SCFDMA • HARQ • Reduced
architecture • Adaptive MCS
Release 9: • MBMS based on SFN • SON • Location services
Release 10: • Carrier Aggregation • MIMO (8 layers in DL, 4
layers in UL) • Relay nodes • Enhanced HeNB and
HetNets • eICIC
Release 11: • CoMP • FeICIC • ePDCCH
Release 12: • Device-to-Device • Proximity Services • Higher modulation order
(256 QAM) • Dual connectivity • SON enhancements • Mobility enhacements
Release 13: • LTE in unlicensed
spectrum • Carrier Aggregation
enhancement • Enhancements for D2D • Full-dimension MIMO
LTE-Advanced Introduction LTE Rel. 8/9 Basic Radio Access Techniques Summary
OFDMA SC-FDMA
• OFDMA Scheme
• Adaptive modulation: QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
• MIMO (2x2, 4x4, SISO, TxDiversity, SU-MIMO)
• System BW: 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 MHz
• HARQ and QoS support
DL Radio Interface Features
• SCFDMA Scheme
• Adaptive modulation: QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM (opt)
• System BW: 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 MHz
• HARQ and QoS support
UL Radio Interface Features
E-UTRA Rel. 8/9 Downlink E-UTRA Rel. 8/9 Uplink
SC-FDMA OFDMA
eNB
eNB
LTE-Advanced Introduction LTE Rel. 10 Radio Access Enhancements Summary
SC-FDMA
• Carrier Aggregation
• MIMO for up to 8x8 (MU-MIMO and BF)
• Additional Pilots (CSI and UE specific)
DL Radio Interface Additional Features
• Carrier Aggregation
• MIMO for up to 4x4 (SU-MIMO, MU-MIMO)
• Clustered SCFDMA Scheme
UL Radio Interface Additional Features
E-UTRA Rel. 10 Downlink E-UTRA Rel. 10 Uplink
OFDMA
eNB
eNB
RN
Relaying
RN
Relaying
LTE-Advanced Introduction LTE Rel. 11 Radio Access Enhancements Summary
SC-FDMA
• Coordinated Multipoint
• Interference rejection combining (IRC) UE
receiver
DL Radio Interface Additional Features
• Coordinated Multipoint using Virtual Cell ID (VCID)
UL Radio Interface Additional Features
E-UTRA Rel. 11 Downlink E-UTRA Rel. 11 Uplink
OFDMA
eNB
eNB RRH
small cell
CoMP using VCID
CoMP
LTE-Advanced Introduction LTE Rel. 12 Radio Access Enhancements Summary
• Aggregating more CCs
• More layers in MIMO
• Device discovery
Radio Interface Additional Features
E-UTRA Rel. 12
eNB
eNB small cell
256 QAM
Discovery
E-UTRA Rel. 12
LTE-Advanced Introduction LTE Rel. 13 Radio Access Enhancements Summary
• 3D antennas (full-dimension beamforming)
• LTE in unlicensed
Radio Interface Additional Features
E-UTRA Rel. 13
eNB
Unlicensed band
E-UTRA Release 10
Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets)
E-UTRA Rel. 10 HetNets Heterogeneous Network Concept and Cell Types
Internet
Homogeneous Network
EPC • Regular network
• General macro-cell
approach
• Equal power nodes
• Large coverage
• Planned sites
Heterogeneous Network
HeNB
RN
EPC
eNB
MeNB Macro
PeNB PeNB
Pico
• Non regular network
• Overlapping cells
• Different node types
• Different power levels
• Different coverages
• HeNBs - not planned
sites (interference
problem)
Extended macrocell Max Tx Power = 30dBm
Macrocell Max Tx power = up to regulator
Picocell
(eNB with lower power in hot zones –
for capacity increase) Max Tx power = 24dBm
Femtocell
(CSG approach) Max Tx power = 20dBm
Backhaul links
eNB
eNB
eNB
E-UTRA Rel. 10 HetNets LTE ICIC and SON – HeNB Configuration Example (Over the Air)
HeNB
MeNB
1. Plug in to power supply and internet
2. Configuration downloading
3. Carrier sensing and measurements
4. Self configuration: Power and time/frequency settings
5. Adaptive cell adjustments by PC and FFR: more users in hotspot – higher power less users – less power
f1
f1
Time domain shift
Time and frequency domain shift
10MHz
(MeNB)
10MHz
(HeNB)
1SF
10MHz
(MeNB)
5MHz
(HeNB)
10MHz
(MeNB)
MeNB
DL Radio frame
MeNB
DL Radio frame
HeNB
DL Radio frame
HeNB
DL Radio frame
PDSCH PDCCH
PBCH & SS
3 symbols time shift
for CR
1 Subframe timing change
for sync and PBCH
3 symbols time shift
for CR
Fc shift
(provides sync and PBCH shift)
E-UTRA Rel. 10 HetNets HeNB RF Issues
HeNB
HeNB
MeNB
DL Receiver ”HeNB Sniffer”
”NW listening module”
Macro eNB Measurements RSRP, RSRQ, Cell ID, Frame Timing
HUE to MeNB pathloss calc.
other HeNB Measurements RSRP, Cell ID
HUE to HeNB pathloss calc
Max overall Tx power, Pmax = 20dBm
1 Tx
20dBm / AP 2 Tx
17dBm / AP 4 Tx
14dBm / AP 8 Tx
11dBm / AP
E-UTRA Rel. 10 HetNets LTE ICIC – Picocell ICIC Mechanisms
Non-Carrier Aggregation Scenarios
Carrier Aggregation Scenario
MeNB
PeNB
X2
Over X2 transmission
agreement: subframe reservation
Almost Blank Subframes usage (time domain resource partitioning
max power in non-overlapping subframes)
Pico cell range extension method (less than max power in some subframes)
MeNB DL Tx
PeNB DL Tx
subframes
subframes
MeNB DL Tx
PeNB DL Tx
subframes
subframes
MeNB and PeNB
are transmitting with
max powers
(in different SFs)
PeNB transmits in all SFs
MeNB transmits with lower
power in certain SFs
MeNB
PeNB
f CC1
(PCC)
CC2
(SCC)
f CC1
(SCC)
CC2
(PCC)
CC1
CC2
t
t
t
t
PDCCH
PDSCH
Scheduling
assignment
MeNB PeNB
Use of Cross-Carrier
scheduling
For CEU use PCell
For CCU use SCell
MeNB’s power is lower in this SF
(SNIR at PeNB higher)
PHY Enhancements
Carrier Aggregation (Bandwidth Extension)
E-UTRA Rel. 10 PHY Bandwidth Extension by Carrier Aggregation (Component Carriers)
Example CA Configurations
f
BW
(1.4 MHz – 20MHz)
f
BW
(1.4 MHz – 20MHz)
Rel.8 Bandwidth – max 20MHz
Component Carrier
(Rel. 8 Carrier)
Rel.10 Bandwidth – max 100MHz
(up to 5 Component Carriers)
LTE Rel. 8 Carrier LTE Rel. 10 Carrier Aggregation
f
20MHz 20MHz
40MHz
f
20MHz 20MHz
100MHz
20MHz 20MHz 20MHz
f
20MHz 10MHz
35MHz
5MHz
Equal size CCs
Various sizes CCs
E-UTRA Rel. 10 PHY Carrier Aggregation Options
Intraband Contiguous CA • Less likely scenario for today allocations (no 100MHz bands)
• Possibly to be used in 3.5GHz bands
• Considered for DL and UL
Intraband Non-Contiguous CA • E.g. scenario where operator has two non contiguous carriers with other operator’s allocation inbetween
• Considered for DL and UL
Interband Non-Contiguous CA
• Multiple CCs belongs to different bands (e.g. 2.6GHz and 800MHz are aggregated)
• Can improve mobility robustness by exploiting different radio propagation characteristics of different bands
• Require additional complexity in RF front end
• Considered for DL only
f
CC1
Band A (e.g. 1800 MHz)
e.g. 20MHz CC x 5
f
CC1
Band A (e.g. 1800 MHz)
e.g. 20MHz CC x 3
f
CC1
Band A (e.g. 800 MHz)
e.g. 20MHz CC x 2
CC2
Band B (e.g. 2600 MHz)
CC2 CC3
CC2 CC3 CC4 CC5
It is easiest to use contiguous CA:
•Single IFFT
•Easier scheduling
•Single RF units possible
E-UTRA Rel. 10 PHY Carrier Aggregation for FDD and TDD
Example FDD Configurations
No
aggregation
Symmetric
aggregation
f
DL UL
f
DL UL
Asymmetric
aggregation f
DL UL
Example TDD Configurations
f
DL/UL
f
DL/UL
Asymmetric
aggregation not
possible!
E-UTRA Rel. 10 PHY DL and UL Radio Frames Consideration for Rel. 8 and Rel. 10
Downlink Radio Frames Rel. 8 DL Radio Frame (Single DL Carrier)
Rel. 10 DL Radio Frames (CA with 3 CCs)
BW (e.g. 20MHz)
10ms
CC1 CC2 CC3
PDCCH per CC
(backhwards compatibilty for rel. 8 UEs)
Broadcast per CC
Uplink Radio Frames Rel. 8 UL Radio Frame (Single UL Carrier)
Rel. 10 UL Radio Frames (CA with 3 CCs)
PUCCH per CC
(backwards compatibility for rel.8 UEs)
PUSCH
PUCCH
10ms
LTE and SON Introduction
SON Introduction
SON Introduction SON Concept – Drivers for SON
Technical Drivers
Business Drivers Increasing demand for diversity of services
Need to reduce Time-To-Market for innovative / new services
High performance required • Growing number of BW hungry services • Growing number of devices and change of device character (M2M)
Heterogeneous Network to be cooperatively managed • Macro/Micro/Pico/Femto cells and Relays
Overlaying multiple networks for a single operator • 2G/3G/LTE/WiFi
Higher operational frequencies • Increase number of cells required / higher NW cost
Increasing complexity of networks • Multitude / growing number of parameters with interdependencies • Multitude of RRM algorithms working at different time scales
HO thresh PRB conf
TimeToTrig
Hysteresis
AC thresh
AC
PSched
LTE
GSM UMTS
WiFi Core
cdma 2000
SON Introduction SON Concept – Expected SON Benefits
OPEX Reduction
Reduction of Drive Tests (UE & eNB meas)
Reduction of manual effort in planning (by param settings)
Energy saving (energy efficiency)
Less staff for OAM
Less / no site visits
Simplified deployment of femto cells
Less leased transmission lines required due to optimized resource utilization
Reduction of manual effort for monitoring & optimization (e.g. identify of problems/troubleshooting)
SON
Tech
nical
Be
ne
fits B
usin
ess
Be
ne
fits
More Capacity Better Coverage Improved Quality Increased Automation
Streamlined CAPEX Improved ROI Reduced Churn Lower OPEX
Capex Reduction
Postponed investments (delayed capacity expansions)
Less sites for the same cap/cov targets (reducing amount of equip.)
Churn Reduction / Improved ROI
Better service quality (optimized NW)
Better service availability
Fast recovery from failures (reduction of NW „downtime”
Less human errors
Faster Time to Market
Reduction of time for first commercial operation
Fast new eNB config and run
SON Introduction SON Concept – Evolution Path Towards Autonomous System
OAM
1. Basic
Meas
Action
2. Managed
Meas
Action
OAM
3. Predictive
Auto Algs
Suggested
change
Approved
OAM
4. Adaptive
Auto Algs
Suggested
change
Approved
Policy
Long term
performance report
Adjust policy
OAM
5. Autonomic
Auto Algs
Suggested
change
Approved
Policy
Adjust policy
One time high level
policy definition
All NEs are managed independetly
Collect & aggregate info from NEs into few consoles where required configs are
initiated manually
Automatic algs (e.g. SON) recommend actions based on gathered info. Actions need to be
approved
System automatically takes action based on measurements controlled by low level policies set/adjusted by operator
Fully integrated system is dynamically managed based on business rules and policies
SON Introduction NW Management: No-SON vs SON Approaches
NO SON SON Manual Configuration Self-Configuration
Manual Optimization Self-Optimization
Manual Fault Management Self-Healing
eNB
Manual setup (on-site visits)
eNB
Plug in
OAM
Plug&Play (automatic config)
eNB
Config
download
eNB
Poor quality
Performance Indicators
Hmm… how to adjust?
AGES later… adjust params
eNB
eNB
Better quality
eNB
eNB
Poor quality
eNB
eNB
Performance Indicators
Few seconds later… adjust params
Best/optimum quality
eNB
eNB
eNB Failure Alarm
OAM
AGES later… recovery team (on site visit)
eNB
eNB
eNB Failure
Alarm
OAM
Alarm
Few seconds later… reload/fallback software
Take over
UEs
OAM
Auto-Tune
Auto-Repair
SON Introduction SON Background – Involved Parties
• NGMN (www.ngmn.org) – Wireless operator consortium provides requirements on next generation networks
– Identifies real needs from operators about what is necessary for OAM to optimize
– Defines recommendations on SON & OAM Requirements
• 3GPP (www.3gpp.org) – Standardization body for 2G/3G/LTE/LTE-Advanced
– Defines a framework based on NGMN inputs to enable SON
– Defines interfaces / messages / procedures to enable SON
– Defines Use Cases for SON features
– Defines common language (XML) and network management architecture (NMS)
– Does not define algorithms
• SOCRATES (www.fp7-socrates.org) – Self-Optimisation and self-ConfiguRATion in wirelEss networkS
– FP7 project to provide SON features (individual algorithms) – Jan 2008 to Dec 2010
– Worked closely with NGMN to get real needs from operators
– Worked closely with 3GPP to define the algorithms within a framework
– Developed algorithms for Self-Configuration, Self-Optimization, Self-Healing, X-Map Estimation
– Provided requirements and framework for SON Coordination
LTE-Advanced
Deployment Issues
LTE-Advanced Deployment RAN Performance Enhancements Due to LTE-Advanced Components
eNB
RN
UE position [m]
Data
Rate
Cell Edge User
(CEU) Cell Center User
(CCU)
LTE Rel. 8
Coverage hole
LTE-Advanced Rel. 10/11
Relays and
Beamforming
Higher order
MIMO
Carrier
Aggregation
CoMP
CoMP
Simple formula
Max_throughput = Required_Spectral_Efficiency * BW
Assuming
MIMO 8x8 and BW 100MHz
We end up at
Max_thr = 30bit/s/Hz * 100MHz = 3Gbit/s
LTE-Advanced Deployment Backward Compatibility to LTE Rel. 8
Bandwidth Issues
f
Total BW
e.g. 100MHz
Component Carrier
(20MHz)
UE capabilities
100MHz support
40MHz support
20MHz support
Rel. 10 UE
Rel. 10 UE Rel. 10 UE
Rel. 8 UE Rel. 8 UE Rel. 10 UE Rel. 10 UE Rel. 8 UE
UEs during NW attach signalls the supported release and number of supported Carriers
CA concept allows to be backward compatible to Rel. 8 (separate PHY per CC)
Other backward compatibility Issues
Issue Backwards compatibility support
PHY signalling PDCCH and PUCCH per Component carrier
RF Processing per component carrier
UE Rel. 8 categories Signalled explicitely
MIMO Support Signalled explicitely
Relay transparency Use of MBSFN subframe
Scheduling Per component carrier
LTE-Advanced Deployment Migration from LTE Rel. 8 to LTE-Advanced Rel. 10 (example)
Rel. 8 Macrocell Deployment
R.8 eNB R.8 eNB
f
f
R.8 eNB R.8 eNB
f
Mo
re B
W a
nd
MIM
O
(soft
ware
upgra
de)
R.10 eNB
R.8 eNB R.8 eNB
HetN
et
MIMO 2x2
BW 20MHz
MIMO 4x4
BW 40MHz
RN
HeNB
R.10 eNB
RN
HeNB
Mo
re B
W a
nd
MIM
O
f
R.10 eNB R.10 eNB
MIMO 4x4
BW 40MHz
MIMO 8x8
BW 100MHz
Rel. 10 HeNBs and Relay Nodes Deployment
R.10 eNB
Additional Component Carrier Aggregations and MIMO extensions
Rel. 10 Macrocell Deployment (base case for CA and MIMO)
E-UTRA Rel. 10 Carrier Aggregation Deployment Scenarios for CA
Scenario 1 (supported for DL and UL in Rel. 10)
• F1 and F2 cells - co-located and overlaid (nearly the same coverage). • Both freqs provide sufficient coverage. • Mobility – based on F1 or F2 coverage • F1 and F2 in the same band, e.g., 2.6 GHz
Description Example
F1
F2
• F1 and F2 cells - co-located and overlaid (F2 - smaller coverage due to larger path loss) • F1 provides sufficient coverage, F2 - used to improve throughput. • Mobility - based on F1 coverage. • F1 and F2 in different bands, e.g., F1 = 800 MHz, F2 = 3.5 GHz.
• F1 and F2 cells - co-located. F2 antennas directed to F1 cell edges (cell edge thrpt increased) • F1 provides sufficient coverage, F2 can have holes, e.g., due to larger path loss. • Mobility - based on F1 coverage. • Likely when F1 and F2 in different bands, e.g., F1 = 800 MHz, F2 = 3.5 GHz.
• F1 provides macro coverage, on F2 (RRHs) are used to improve throughput at hot spots. • Mobility - based on F1 coverage. • Likely when F1 and F2 in different bands, e.g., F1 = 800 MHz, F2 = 3.5 GHz.
• Similar to scenario #2, but frequency selective repeaters are deployed - coverage is extended for one of the carrier frequencies.
Scenario 2 (supported for DL and UL in Rel. 10)
Scenario 3 (supported for DL and UL in Rel. 10)
Scenario 4 (supported for DL in Rel. 10)
Scenario 5 (supported for DL in Rel. 10)
LTE-Advanced
HetNet Deployment Issues
LTE-Advanced Deployment Femto-cell (HeNB) Typical Attributes
Attribute name Macro eNB HeNB
Infrastructure finance Operator End User
Backhaul Fiber/Microwave Existing broadband internet
Planning Operator End user (no central planning)
Deployment Operator rollout End user one touch installation (SON based)
QoS Operator controlled Best effort
Control Operator via O&M Operator via Internet
Mobility Typical scenario (outdoors and moving)
Nomadic / best effort HO (indoors and sitting down)
Rep
HeNB
eNB
RN
L1 Repeater (amplifies the signal – backward
compatible to Rel. 8 UEs)
L3 Rel. 10 Relay Node •uses MBSFN subframe for backhauling known by
Rel. 8 UEs
•it is backward compatible and can be used for relaying
to Rel. 8 terminals
•Transparent to Rel. 8 and Rel. 10 terminals
f CC1
(PCC)
CC2
(SCC)
f CC1
(SCC)
CC2
(PCC)
Carrier aggregation for Hetnet Cross carrier scheduling for
interference avoidance for signalling
Relaying
HeNBs
Femtocells deployment in a building •No planning sites
•Switched on and off depending on end user decision
Femtocell
location
Walls
Interference
(ICIC required)
LTE-Advanced Deployment HetNet Deployment Issues
Self-Optimization for HetNets Resource Partitioning for Femto-Scenario (Example)
Scenario and algorithm (graph based scheme)
Example graph coloring for
resource distribution
A
B C
Interference
Feedback
Central Controller (HeMS)
A
B C
Femto
cell
Interference
Interferer: A
A,C
B
Interfering neighbor discovery • UE makes measurements • HeNB identifies its interfering neighbors according to
a predefined SINR thresh
1
HeNBs send CellIDs of the interfering neighbors to central node
2 Central controller maps info to interference graph • HeNB – node • Interference relation between two HeNBs - edge
3
Identify the bandwidth distribution (PRB-HeNB) pairs which maximizes the resource efficiency
A
C
E
B D
Freq
Power
Basic / not optimized case
Resource efficiency:
5/15
Available resources
A
C
E
B D
Resource efficiency:
9/15
A
C
E
B D
Resource efficiency:
6/15
LTE MAC Lab
Product presentation
LTE MAC Lab Overview
LTE MAC Lab is an Advanced HetNets system-level simulation tool running under MATLAB environment. It allows user to model a wireless LTE network deployment, analyze its performance and understand dynamic mechanisms of the radio interface.
Main Applications
LTE MAC Lab is an universal tool for LTE MAC simulation. Software can be used by ODM, OEM, Chip manufacturers, Protocol Stack Developers, Operators, Research Institutes, Univerisities, Training Companies. Main Applications: • MAC prototyping, where LTE MAC Lab shortens the development time.
• R&D, where LTE MAC Lab provides simulation framework.
• Development of MAC protocols and RF processing, where LTE MAC Lab
serves as a reference model.
• Network modeling and analysis, where LTE MAC Lab allows to estimate cell-level performance.
• Education, where LTE MAC Lab serves as an environment to visualize LTE network operation.
LTE MAC Lab architecture and deliverables
Deliverables: • LTE MAC Lab is delivered as a
Toolbox operating under MATLAB environment,
• It consists of m-, mex- and p-files, • Substantial parts of the code are
open for the customer modification,
• All functions have well-defined interfaces with described parameters, which make it possible to replace them with proprietary customer’s implementation.
Technical Specification Summary
• LTE specific features: – Carrier Aggregation (3GPP LTE Rel. 10) – Heterogeneous Network (multicell environment with diverse parameters of
the eNBs) – LTE channel bands: 700 - 3000 MHz – All LTE bandwidths: 1.4MHz, 3MHz, 5MHz, 10MHz, 15MHz, 20MHz
• Simulator features: – Dedicated functions for user defined algorithms (i.e. open API) – Downlink transmission – RRM Functionalities: scheduling (PF, RR, ISW proprietary), link adaptation,
handover, carrier activation/deactivation – Users Mobility Models: Random Direction Model, Random Way Point
Model;
• Link model: – Pathloss models: Modified Okumura – Hata model, 3GPP TS 36.942 Model,
Winner Model, COST 231 Model; – Multipath models: 3GPP TS 36.942 Model, Winner Model, Random
Distribution Model; – Environments: Rural, Urban, Suburban; – Antennas Characteristic Model; Omnidirectional Characteristic, 1 or 3
Sectors Characteristic
LTE MAC Lab
Simulation scenarios
Main simulation parameters
Parameter Value
Simulation length 100 ms (TTIs)
SINR mapping model MIESM
Simulated area size 300m x 300m
Pathloss model 3GPP TS 36.942
Multipath model 3GPP TS 36.101
Number of UEs 10
Mobility of UEs low
Tx power of the eNB 46 dBm
Antenna characteristics Omnidirectional
Carrier frequency 800 MHz
Bandwidth 5 MHz
Scheduling algorithm Round Robin
Simulated cases
• Benchmark scenario – Single cell
– Single carrier
• Two-carriers scenario – Single cell
– Two carriers
• HetNet scenario – Large cell
– And small cell (BW = 5 MHz, fc = 800 MHz, Tx Power = 30 dBm)
• Scheduling comparison – Round-robin
– ISW-proprietary
IS-Wireless
ul. Puławska 45b,
05-500 Piaseczno / near Warsaw,
Poland, EU
phone fax
web e-mail
+48 22 213 8297 +48 22 213 8298 www.is-wireless.com info@is-wireless.com
CONTACT DETAILS
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