t2k nd280 cross section results and future prospects · t2k nd280 cross section results and future...

T2K ND280 cross section results and future prospects

Kendall Mahn (Michigan State University)

for the T2K collaboration

J-PARC symposium Sep 26th 2019

Support provided by U.S. DOE Award DE-

SC0015903

T2K ND280 cross section results and future prospects

Kendall Mahn (Michigan State University)

for the T2K collaboration

J-PARC symposium Sep 26th 2019

Support provided by U.S. DOE Award DE-

SC0015903

How an oscillation analysis works: in one slideFHC ⌫µ Flux (arbitrary norm.)NEUT 5.3.6, �⌫µch (E⌫)

CC-Total

CC-RES

CC-1p1h+2p2h

NC-Total NC-RES

T2K: ND o↵-axis

[1707.01048] B.F.

Super-K oscillated

⌫)/E

⌫(1038cm

2nucleon�1GeV

0 1 2 3 4 5

E⌫ (GeV)

N↵!�FD (Ereco) =

�↵(Etrue)⇥ �i�(Etrue)⇥ P↵�(Etrue)⇥ ✏�(Etrue)⇥Ri(Etrue;Ereco)

Event rate is used to determine oscillation, and depends on the flux (𝛷) and interaction model

(cross section, σ), efficiency and response

between truth and observables (R)

FHC ⌫µ Flux (arbitrary norm.)NEUT 5.3.6, �⌫µch (E⌫)

CC-Total

CC-RES

CC-1p1h+2p2h

NC-Total NC-RES

T2K: ND o↵-axis

[1707.01048] B.F.

Super-K oscillated

⌫)/E

⌫(1038cm

2nucleon�1GeV

0 1 2 3 4 5

E⌫ (GeV)

Requirement for model: Correct energy

dependance for all relevant processes

Interaction models play a critical role

RHC ⌫̄µ Flux (arbitrary norm.)NEUT 5.3.6, �⌫̄µch (E⌫)

CC-Total

CC-N⇡+DIS

CC-RES

CC-1p1h+2p2h

T2K: ND o↵-axis

[1707.01048] B.F.

Super-K oscillated

⌫)/E

⌫(1038cm

2nucleon�1GeV

0 1 2 3 4 5

E⌫ (GeV)

Requirement for model: All neutrino flavors! for relevant

processes

Interaction models play a critical role

RHC ⌫̄µ Flux (arbitrary norm.)NEUT 5.3.6, �⌫̄µch (E⌫)

CC-Total

CC-N⇡+DIS

CC-RES

CC-1p1h+2p2h

T2K: ND o↵-axis

[1707.01048] B.F.

Super-K oscillated

⌫)/E

⌫(1038cm

2nucleon�1GeV

0 1 2 3 4 5

E⌫ (GeV)

Interaction models play a critical roleRequirement for model:

- All visible particles for efficiency (background) and energy estimates

Requirement for model: - Correct mix of

processes per topology - true - reconstructed

kinematic relationship

T2K’s capabilities for cross section (XSEC) measurements

E⌫ (GeV)0 1 2 3 4 5

⌫)/E

⌫(103

cleon�1GeV

⌫µ Flux (arbitrary norm.)GENIE 2.12.8, �⌫µch (E⌫)

CC-Total

CC-RES

CC 1p1h+2p2h

T2K: ND o↵-axis

T2K: ND on-axis

MINER⌫A L.E.

• Processes of interest:

• Charged current and neutral current

• Quasi-elastic (1p1h), multinucleon (2p2h), single pion production (SPP)

• Measure final state topology: CC0π,

N’"N"

µ�"

N’,N’"N,"N"

µ�"

νµ""

N"N’"

Δ"π"

CCπ"" µ�""

νµ""

CCπ"" µ�""

E⌫ (GeV)0 1 2 3 4 5

⌫)/E

⌫(103

cleon�1GeV

CC-Total

CC-RES

CC 1p1h+2p2h

T2K: ND o↵-axis

T2K: ND on-axis

MINER⌫A L.E.

• Measure final state topology:

• CC0π (no charged or neutral pion in the final state)

• CC1π+ (one charged pion in the final state)

PRD 99, 052007 (2019)

E⌫ (GeV)0 1 2 3 4 5

⌫)/E

⌫(103

cleon�1GeV

CC-Total

CC-RES

CC 1p1h+2p2h

T2K: ND o↵-axis

T2K: ND on-axis

MINER⌫A L.E.

• Multiple detectors with a variety of detection capabilities

• Near: ND280 (soon ND upgrade)

• Far: Super-Kamiokande

• Near: INGRID, WAGASCI+BabyMIND

• Well-understood beam: recently improved flux uncertainties (esp. data from NA61 and soon EMPHATIC); neutrino and antineutrino-modes

T2K Preliminary

Global program requires multiple measurements

Osc experiment Target cross sections from

T2K, NOvA Scintillator T2K, NOvA ND, MINERvA LE, HE

T2K, SK, IceCube Water T2K (INGRID, WAGASCI, ND280), MINERvA

DUNE Ar T2K ND upgrade, MicroBooNE/SBN, MINERvA

• T2K near detectors have multiple targets: C, H2O, Fe and Ar, Pb

Global program requires multiple measurements

• T2K near detectors have multiple targets: C, H2O, Fe and Ar, Pb

Interaction in ND280 TPC’s gas (predominantly Ar)

Global program requires multiple measurements dσ/dQ2 vs. Eν: QE, single nucleon

(McFarland, Ruterbories)

E⌫(GeV)Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 68, 105 (2018)

Global program requires multiple measurements dσ/dQ2 vs. Eν: QE, single nucleon

(McFarland, Ruterbories)

E⌫(GeV)

Additional physics programs depend on these measurements:Anything that also relies on neutrino beams as background, so

especially exotic searches:sterile neutrino searches, dark matter searches, proton decay, etc

Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 68, 105 (2018)

20152016

PRD96 no.9, 092006

Timeline of T2K cross section results

PRD96 no.5, 052001

PRD 98, no. 3, 032003

PRD 98, 012004

PRD 97, no. 1, 012001

PRL117, no.19, 192501

PRD95, no.1, 012010

PRD93, no.11, 112012

PRD93, 072002PRD91, no.11, 112002

PRD92, no.11, 112003

• New window (hadronic state) on neutrino interactions: Kinematic variables relative to the beam direction are sensitive to nuclear effects.

• Semi inclusive scattering of protons out of CCQE-like interactions; paper in preparation includes proton multiplicity as well

“Transverse variables”

PRC94 (2016) no.1, 015503

• New window (hadronic state) on neutrino interactions: Kinematic variables relative to the beam direction are sensitive to nuclear effects.

• Semi inclusive scattering of protons out of CCQE-like interactions;”0π+p”

PRC94 (2016) no.1, 015503

“Transverse variables”

PRD 98, 032003 (2018)

T2K Cross Section 2018 Highlights

CC0π on water, antineutrinos, off-

axis flux

World first!

muonNeutrino

T2K preliminary

Detailed information in differential cross section (in muon kinematics)

axis flux

World first!

T2K preliminary

axis flux

World first!

T2K preliminary

Test of oxygen model and uncertainties

comparison to latest theory for antineutrinos

T2K preliminary

CC inclusive, multiple targets neutrinos, on-

axis flux

Update

FHC ⌫µ Flux (A.U.)

CC-Total

CC-RES

CC-QE+2p2h

NEUT 5.3.6, �⌫µchMINERvA: L.E.

NOvA: O↵ axis

T2K: On axis

T2K: O↵ axisSK: Oscillated

Best Fit [1707.01048]

⌫)/E

⌫(103

cleon�1GeV

0 1 2 3 4 5E⌫ (GeV)

T2K preliminary

CC inclusive, multiple targets neutrinos, on-

axis flux

Update

FHC ⌫µ Flux (A.U.)

CC-Total

CC-RES

CC-QE+2p2h

NEUT 5.3.6, �⌫µchMINERvA: L.E.

NOvA: O↵ axis

T2K: On axis

T2K: O↵ axisSK: Oscillated

Best Fit [1707.01048]

⌫)/E

⌫(103

cleon�1GeV

0 1 2 3 4 5E⌫ (GeV)

Test of T2K’s model and uncertainties

against a new energy spectra

Limited acceptance CC antineutrino on

water and CH, 1.5 deg axis flux and new

detector (WAGASCI)

New energy spectra

detector (WAGASCI)

New energy spectra

0-5º5-10º

10-15º15-20º

20-25º25-30º

T2K preliminary

detector (WAGASCI)

New energy spectra

0-5º5-10º

10-15º15-20º

20-25º25-30º

T2K preliminary

against a third! energy spectra

detector (WAGASCI)

New energy spectra

0-5º5-10º

10-15º15-20º

20-25º25-30º

T2K preliminary

against a third! energy spectra

νµ""

N"N’"

Δ"π"

CCπ"" µ�""

Background for oscillation analyses - signal for exotic searches

CC1π+ per nucleon, off-axis flux neutrinos

Update

Additional projections not

T2K preliminary

νµ""

N"N’"

Δ"π"

CCπ"" µ�""

T2K Cross Section 2019 HighlightsUpdate

Additional projections not

T2K preliminary

νµ""

N"N’"

Δ"π"

CCπ"" µ�""

Test of new resonance model and

uncertainties

NC1𝞬, off-axis flux neutrinos

Background for appearance searches

J.Phys. G46 (2019) no.8, 08LT01

Challenges of understanding small

backgrounds

CC0π on CH, off-axis flux neutrinos and

antineutrinos

Combined analysis

• Difference in sign of neutrino and antineutrino cross section is axial-vector interference term

Additional bins, projections not shown T2K preliminary

antineutrinos

Combined analysis

Asymmetry

Additional bins, projections not shown T2K preliminary

antineutrinos

Combined analysis

Asymmetry

Probe of neutrino - antineutrino differences

for uncertain processes (QE+2p2h)

Far detector too!

• NC-QE-like scattering is a background to relic SN neutrino searches; can be a signal for dark matter searches

• Identified using nuclear de-excitation photons

[GeV]νE0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

T2K Neutrino Data (Run1-9)

NEUT Flux-averaged

Flux (Run1-9)νT2K FHC

T2K preliminary

Far detector too!

• NC-QE-like scattering is a background to relic SN neutrino searches; can be a signal for dark matter searches

• Identified using nuclear de-excitation photons

[GeV]νE0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

00.20.40.60.8

11.21.41.61.8

T2K Antineutrino Data (Run1-9)

NEUT Flux-averaged

Flux (Run1-9)νT2K RHC

T2K preliminary

First antineutrino!

Single pion productionDedicated single pion selection is also limited in angular range

T2K PRELIMINARY

Significant experimental data disagreement: [PRD92, 092008 (2015), AR article: arxiv.1803.08848]

Future of T2K: ND upgrade

• Improved acceptance as compared to ND280 - improved cross section measurements

• Robust modelling of neutrino-nucleus interaction models are critical to a variety of physics experiments

• Many different communities contribute to improved modelling: electron scattering data, neutrino scattering data, theory groups, and simulation developers

Summary

• Robust modelling of neutrino-nucleus interaction models are critical to a variety of physics experiments

• Many different communities contribute to improved modelling: electron scattering data, neutrino scattering data, theory groups, and simulation developers

Summary

provides valuable measurements of neutrino interactions to test and improve models.

• More details (including flux, signal definition, and data here: http://t2k-experiment.org/publications/)

Thank you for your attention!

Backup

Model Progress on T2KDominant uncertainty in oscillation analysis from neutrino

interaction (cross section) model

Error source1-ring e-like

ν-mode ν-mode＿

νe/νe＿

SK Detector 2.83 3.79 1.47SK FSI+SI+PN 3.02 2.31 1.58

Flux + Xsec constrained 3.02 2.86 2.31

Eb 7.26 3.66 3.74

σ(νe)/σ(νμ) 2.63 1.46 3.03

NC1γ 1.07 2.58 1.49

NC Other 0.14 0.33 0.18

All Systematics 8.81 7.03 5.87

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