tcd40: structuring information
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Structure Information
Structure Information
Designing training for the first time?
juan.otero@tecadi.ca
v1.0 – Mar 2016
Structure Information
DefineGeneral Design
CreateTest
CreateInformation
Blocks
StructureInformation
AddInstruction
DevelopTraining
Implement & Evaluate
Context
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Structure Information in the context of a systematic approach to design and development of good training.
Author
(You)
Structured Documents
( Documents, Presentations,
Animations/videos)
Build Information Maps
Identify Information Types
Create Structured Document
Structure Information
A Guiding Principle
The 7+-2 Principle:
Short term memory has limited capacity.
• The number of chunks a human can recall immediately after presentation depends on the category of chunks used, and even on features of the chunks within a category.
This principle impacts the proposed approach to information design at a different levels, from the paragraph length to the document’s structure.
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Structure Information
Build Information Maps
Identify Information Types
Create Structured Document
Build Information
Maps
Build Information Maps
From information blocks
to information maps
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Structure Information
Build Information Maps
A collection of relevant Information
Blocks about a limited topic.
Information Maps :
• aid the author in organizing large
amounts of information during the
analysis phase, and
help the user to understand the
structure of the subject matter.
Components:
• A title
• Related blocks
* Apply 7+-2 rule
A title that describes the purpose
of grouping all these information
blocks.
Related blocks that are
about a particular topic.
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Structure Information
Structured Documents
The application of the previous
information design rules, principles and
guidelines leads to structured
documents and presentations.
Advantages of structured documents:
• Information relationships are explicit
• Easier to update
• Modular
• Easier to reuse information.Block D
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Presentation
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Structured
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Structure Information
Build Information Maps
Identify Information Types
Create Structured Document
Identify Information
Types
Identify Information Types
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Organize content by
information types
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Structure Information
Identifying Information Types
One challenge when developing content
is to organize what at times seems as a
cloud of incoherent, complex and mixed
pieces of information.
Information can be classified in basic
categories into which all information can
be placed based on the purpose of the
information for the user.
Pro
ces
s
Pro
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ure
Str
uc
ture
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All information within a certain type has
shared characteristics and authors build
solutions around these basic elements.
Author
How to organize a
cloud of complex
information?
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Structure Information
Information Types
Basic categories into which all
information can be placed based on the
purpose or function of the information for
the user.
Information Type Concept / Example
ProcedureSteps to accomplish a particular task.
• “What do I do?”
ProcessA description of related events that take place over time.
• “What happens?”
StructureA visual representation of an object.
• “What does it look like?”
ConceptsIdeas or abstractions that require definitions and examples.
• “What is it?”
PrincipleStatements of what should or should not be done in a given situation.
• “What should be done?”
FactsStatements of truth, usually without supporting information.
• Specifications.• Measurements.
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Structure Information
Information Type: Procedure
A set of steps which a person performs
in order to obtain a specified outcome.
• Instructions for how to do something,
usually a set of steps.
• Numbered steps, each beginning
with an action word.
• Simple flow charts.
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Structure Information
Procedure Maps
Identify the procedural information and
create specific maps for them. ,
How to create a RFP
Pre Requisites
Before you can create a RFP in the system make sure there is a Master Data record for the supplier.
Procedure
To create a RFP in the system;1. Enter SAP via our Intranet2. Access module “Business Processes”3. Click “create“ RFP transaction4. Enter data from RFP formVerify that there are no messages in the “error” status window.
Result
After creating the RFP the system generates a RFP number. You will need this RFP number to enter new transactions.
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ModuleTitle
Each procedure map has at least the
following components:
• Map title
• Key block
• Supporting Blocks
A map title
Task-based and reader oriented
How to (verb) (object)
Key block:
a procedural table
Supporting block:
diagram, example, results, etc.
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Structure Information
Procedure Maps: Examples
An example of a procedure map in a document. An implementation of a procedure map in a presentation.
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Structure Information
Information Type: Process
A series of events or phases that takes
place over time and usually has an
identifiable purpose or result.
• Explanations of how something takes
place.
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Structure Information
Process Maps
Identify the information that relates to
events taking place over time and create
specific maps for it.
,
How a CMS Works
Overview
Our Intranet is built around a CMS to facilitate publishing information needed to run efficiently our business in all our locations.
ProcessThe key phases relate to our CMS are:• Initial Set-Up
Installation and configuration of all software components
• Publishing Tools and gadgets available to employees to publish their work on the Intranet
• AuthorizationApproval mechanisms available.
Set-Up
Publish Authorize
Access
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Warning• Processes and procedures might be confused with each other.
• Processes are usually at a higher level than procedures.
Each process map has at least the
following components:
• Map title
• Key blocks
• Supporting Block
A map title
Stages of (noun),
How a (noun) (verb)
Key block:
Stage table – describing
what happens or
changes being made
Supporting block:
diagram
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Structure Information
Process Maps: Examples
An example of a process map in a document. An implementation of a process map in a presentation.
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Structure Information
Information Type: Structure
A physical object or element that can be
divided into parts and has boundaries.
Used to tell the user what something
looks like, and what it’s parts are.
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Structure Information
Structure Maps
Identify the information that relates to a
physical object or element that can be
divided into parts and has boundaries
and create specific maps for it.
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Parts of the Drawing Menu
Description
The process of the designing the RFP form request several of the items available on the drawing tool .
The Drawing Menu
Key elements:• Tools library
Access to pre-design geometrical elements ready to use.
• Arrange Tools to order, group and position objects.
• Quick StylesDifferent formatting styles ready to be applied to your objects.
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Each structure map has at least the
following components:
• Map title
• Key Blocks
A map title
Components of a /the _____
Parts of a/the _____
Key block:
Diagram
Parts or parts-function table
Supporting block:
diagram
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Structure Information
Structure Maps: Examples
An example of a Structure map in a document. An implementation of a structure map in a presentation.
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Structure Information
Other Information Types
Facts
These consist of objective information that
has or is happening.
Some kind of organization or memory aid
(mnemonic, analogy, etc.)
Principles
These are laws, rules or a general
relationship between several concepts.
They generally have some proof behind
them, sometimes scientific, sometimes
conventional wisdom.
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Structure Information
Other Information Types
Concepts
These are clear, logically formed ideas.
Examples where the concept is related to
something the learner/reader already knows
Other
You can design specific information maps to
support your content.
•Introduction
•Conclusion
•Your own information type maps
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Structure Information
Build Information Maps
Identify Information Types
Create Structured Document
Create Structured Document
Create Structured Document
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Apply recursively previous concepts
at different levels of the document
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Structure Information
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Mapping Documents
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The Hierarchical Principle
Module
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Document
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* Apply 7+-2 rule
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Structure Information
Designing Information Design Steps
Chunk Information
Re-Group, Merge, Split
Add LabelEnhance Visuals
Build Information
Maps
Identify Information
Types
Create Structured Document
SME
SME
Following this systematic approach to information design helps you to
produce structured documents that are:
Easier to read and understand
Faster to produce
Easier to update
Re-usable in different contexts and formats.
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Structure Information
DefineGeneral Design
CreateTest
CreateInformation
Blocks
StructureInformation
AddInstruction
DevelopTraining
Implement & Evaluate
Conclusion
25
• Adopting a research based systematic approach to design information helps
improving the quality of your documents.
• These rules, principles and step-by-step guidelines help authors analyzing, sorting
and sequencing information.
• The produces structured documents will be:
Modular
Easier to update
Consistent
Re-usable
Exportable to different technology platforms.
TECADI Training Technologies Ltd – Mar 2016. v1.0
Structure Information
References
This work is influenced by the work of many researchers and methodologies in
instructional design and information design fields, such as:
• Dr. Robert Horn – Structured Writing and Visual Language
• Dr. Ruth Clark – Instructional Design and Technical Training
• Dr. David Merrill – Component Display Theory
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Structure Information
Structure Information
Designing training for the first time?
juan.otero@tecadi.ca
v1.0 – Mar 2016
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