tci 2014 cluster-based regional development programs in latin america and europe: failures,...
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Cluster-based Regional Development Programs in Latin America and Europe: failures, successes and lessons learned for the future Inés Sagrario Parallel 3.1 Cluster implementation in different parts of the world
12 November 2014
Your partner in economic development
Cluster-based Regional Development Programs in Latin America and Europe: failures, successes
and lessons learned for the future
Nov. 12th, TCI 2014 Monterrey
Inés Sagrario
2
PROGRAM DESIGN Need to plan medium-long term
WORK WITH COMPANIES Goal is competitive companies
IMPACT MAXIMIZATION From plans to effective change and actions
Cluster-based development programs need a holistic approach in order to maximize impact on shared regional prosperity Take home
EVIDENCE-BASED POLICIES Apply lessons from micro-level to meso-level
EXPERIENCE • 200 cluster initiatives • 40 economic sectors
• 60 regions
5
PROGRAM DESIGN
A Competitiveness Program aims at raising prosperity in a territory A Competitiveness Program needs:
• Clear objectives • Careful planning • Inter-institutional coordination
Program Design
6
The case of Chile
Competitiveness Program to combine national level actions
(National Competitiveness Council) +
Local cluster activation (Regional Development Agencies)
+
2006 Decentralization as a political objective
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The case of Chile
Competitiveness Program to combine national level actions
(National Competitiveness Council) +
Local cluster activation (Regional Development Agencies)
+
2006 Decentralization as a political objective
8
CLUSTER ACTIVATION
Clusters are not an end but a means More competitive companies need better strategies Clusters provide economies of scale in strategic analysis But in the end people need to change their beliefs and actions
Program Design
Work with companies / clusters
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APLs in Brazil
ARRANJOS PRODUTIVOS LOCAIS Launched in 2000, APL associations as the “new” private sector stakeholder
from which to receive requests for intervention by the public sector
“I’m delivering mortuary services. The support to certain actions is sometimes just helping the guy reach the bottom. […] We say we will solve their problems, but we don’t touch what is essential.”
- Regional Manager at SEBRAE-MG
10
APLs in Brazil
ARRANJOS PRODUTIVOS LOCAIS Launched in 2000, APL associations as the “new” private sector stakeholder
from which to receive requests for intervention by the public sector
CLUSTER ACTIVATION Providing:
Strategic information to companies for them to take better decisions and move
to more attractive businesses Intensive field work to convince
businessmen to change Concrete actions with which to improve
their business environment
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IMPACT MAXIMIZATION
Change needs to happen Consolidate partnerships Efficient project management Reinforce strategic analysis Dissemination Measure results
Program Design
Work with companies / clusters
Impact Maximization
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Harvard Business School N9-795-105
The Catalan Leather IndustryIn early 1993, Antoni Subira, the Minister of Industry of Catalonia, wondered how to help
the local leather tanning industry which was seriously threatened by the upcoming introductionof Spanish legislation to enact European Union (EU) environmental standards. He had just metwith a delegation of the major Catalan leather tanners. The industrialists had claimed that a recent
Harvard Business School N9-795-105
The Catalan Leather IndustryIn early 1993, Antoni Subira, the Minister of Industry of Catalonia, wondered how to help
the local leather tanning industry which was seriously threatened by the upcoming introductionof Spanish legislation to enact European Union (EU) environmental standards. He had just metwith a delegation of the major Catalan leather tanners. The industrialists had claimed that a recent
In early 1993, Antoni Subira, the Minister of Industry of Catalonia, wondered how to helpthe local leather tanning industry which was seriously threatened by the upcoming introductionof Spanish legislation to enact European Union (EU) environmental standards. He had just metwith a delegation of the major Catalan leather tanners. The industrialists had claimed that a recent
Implementation in Colombia - #RutasCompetitivas
Implementation by the teams that lead the effort
Agile National Government response +
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EVIDENCE-BASED POLICIES
Apply lessons to the broader economy Adapt existing support programs Design new programs considering broader strategic challenges Develop new public-private partnerships
Program Design
Work with companies / clusters
Impact Maximization
Evidence- based
policies
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Experiences in Europe
Catalonia 20 years of Cluster Policy
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Experiences in Europe
Catalonia 20 years of Cluster Policy
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Experiences in Europe
Catalonia 20 years of Cluster Policy
EU 10 years of Cluster Policy
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CONCLUSION
Establish inter-institutional alliances to make sure that everyone learns from the experience
Program Design
Work with companies / clusters
Impact Maximization
Evidence- based
policies
Reinforcing competitiveness requires planning
Companies are the ones that need to be competitive…
… Not cluster associations
Prepare (some) resources to make sure things happen
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http://photodune.net/item/new-york-city-skyline-panorama/983029
www.competitiveness.com
Spain: +34 626163032 Brazil: +55 11 32306405
ines.sagrario@competitiveness.com
Thank you
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