technical seminar ppt
Post on 07-Nov-2014
111 Views
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
A TECHNICAL SEMINAR ON INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION USING PLC
SHAIK MAJEED RIZWANB.TECH IV YEAR II SEMESTER
HT.NO:-09RT1A0201
CONTENTSCONTENTS
1.INTRODUCTION1.INTRODUCTION
2.WHAT IS AUTOMATION2.WHAT IS AUTOMATION
3.CONCEPT OF AUTOMATION3.CONCEPT OF AUTOMATION
4.AUTOMATION HISTORY4.AUTOMATION HISTORY
5.AUTOMATION TOOLS5.AUTOMATION TOOLS
6.PLC6.PLC
7.ADVANTAGES7.ADVANTAGES
8.DISADVANTAGES8.DISADVANTAGES
9.APPLICATIONS9.APPLICATIONS
PLC is a solid state device or industrial computer that performs discrete logic in factory environment.
It was originally developed to replace mechanical timers,counters,relays etc.
PLC’s are used successfully to execute complicated control functions in the plant.
Instruction is programmed by the user in the plc memory then program is executed.
PLC operates the system according to the correct operating specifications.
PLC operation is a sequential process.
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
A Shaft manufacturing in processA Shaft manufacturing in process
1. What sort of accuracies are expected?1. What sort of accuracies are expected? 2. What is the production rate?2. What is the production rate? 3. To produce more units per given time, compromise on 3. To produce more units per given time, compromise on
tolerances? tolerances?
End result: End result:
No two shafts will be identical and performance of No two shafts will be identical and performance of machines using these, will not be same!!!machines using these, will not be same!!!
•If many shafts are to be produced...
How to produce more such units with How to produce more such units with better tolerancesbetter tolerances??
Automation is the solution!!
What is automation?What is automation?
The use of modern techniques to produce multiple units of the same product with high and same degree of accuracy
This will result in overall performance and end product quality
With the advent of automation, highly precise and complex products can be produced
Automation Automation examplesexamplesAutomation is basically a delegation of human control function to control technical
equipment.
Automation is the use of control systems and information technologies reducing the need for human intervention.
Example ContinuedExample Continued
• 1.MANUAL CONTROL
Automation HistoryAutomation History
5.PLC
2.PNEUMATIC CONTROL 3.HARD WIRE LOGIC CONTROL
4.ELECTRONIC CONTROL USING GATES
Automation ToolsAutomation ToolsDifferent types of automation tools exist:
ANN - Artificial neural network
DCS - Distributed Control System
HMI - Human Machine Interface
SCADA - Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
PLC - Programmable Logic Controller
PAC - Programmable automation controller
Instrumentation
Motion control
Robotics
PLCPLC• What does ‘PLC’ mean?• A PLC (Programmable Logic Controllers) is an
industrial computer used to monitor inputs, and depending upon their state make decisions based on its program or logic, to control (turn on/off) its outputs to automate a machine or a process.
1313
Programmable Logic ControllersProgrammable Logic Controllers( Definition according to NEMA standard ICS3-1978)( Definition according to NEMA standard ICS3-1978)
A digitally operating electronic apparatus which uses a A digitally operating electronic apparatus which uses a programming memory for the internal storage of programming memory for the internal storage of
instructions for implementing specific functions such as instructions for implementing specific functions such as logic, sequencing, timing, counting and arithmetic to logic, sequencing, timing, counting and arithmetic to
control through digital or analog modules, various types control through digital or analog modules, various types of machines or process.of machines or process.
Major Components of a Common Major Components of a Common
PLCPLC
PROCESSORPROCESSOR
POWERPOWER
SUPPLYSUPPLY
I MI M
N O N O
P D P D
U UU U
T LT L
E E
O M O M
U OU O
T DT D
P UP U
U LU L
T ET E
PROGRAMMING PROGRAMMING
DEVICEDEVICE
From From
SENSORSSENSORS
Pushbuttons,Pushbuttons,
contacts,contacts,
limit switches,limit switches,
etc.etc.
ToTo
OUTPUTOUTPUTSolenoids, Solenoids,
contactors, contactors,
alarmsalarms
etc.etc.
1515
PLCPLC
INPUTSINPUTS
OUTPUTSOUTPUTS
MOTORMOTOR
LAMPLAMPCONTACTORCONTACTOR
PUSHBUTTONSPUSHBUTTONS
PLC DevicePLC DevicePLCs are compact, powerful, flexible, modular and
intelligent units.
1717
Leading Brands Of PLCLeading Brands Of PLCAMERICANAMERICAN 1. Allen Bradley 1. Allen Bradley
2. Gould Modicon2. Gould Modicon 3. Texas Instruments 3. Texas Instruments 4. General Electric4. General Electric 5. Westinghouse5. Westinghouse 6. Cutter Hammer6. Cutter Hammer
7. Square D7. Square D
EUROPEANEUROPEAN 1. Siemens 1. Siemens 2. Klockner & Mouller2. Klockner & Mouller
3. Festo 3. Festo 4. Telemechanique4. Telemechanique
PLC PLC
PLCs are available in different sizes to suit different applications. They offer cost effective solutions.
PLCs being microprocessor based, offer changes to the logic very easily.
PLCs also offer number crunching capability PLCs can be programmed from a PC
SelectingSelecting a PLCa PLC
CriteriaCriteria • • Number of logical inputs and Number of logical inputs and outputs.outputs.•• MemoryMemory•• Number of special I/O modulesNumber of special I/O modules•• Scan TimeScan Time•• CommunicationsCommunications•• SoftwareSoftware
Examples of PLC Programming Software:Examples of PLC Programming Software:
1. Allen-Bradley – 1. Allen-Bradley – Rockwell Software RSLogix500Rockwell Software RSLogix5002. Modicon - 2. Modicon - ModsoftModsoft3. Omron - 3. Omron - SyswinSyswin4. GE-Fanuc Series 6 – 4. GE-Fanuc Series 6 – LogicMaster6LogicMaster65. Square D- 5. Square D- PowerLogicPowerLogic6. Texas Instruments – 6. Texas Instruments – SimaticSimatic6. Telemecanique – 6. Telemecanique – Modicon TSX MicroModicon TSX Micro
ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES Accurate and consistent information Faster fault identification
Improved availability of system
Increased Production
ADVANTAGESADVANTAGESReduced Cost Maintenance of Quality & Quantity
Improved Safety Conditions
Reliable in operation.Flexibility in programming and reprogramming in the plant.Online/offline modifications.Cost effective for controlling complex systems.Small physical size, shorter project time.Speed of operation.Ability to communicate with computer systems in the plant.Ease of maintenance /troubleshooting. Documentation.Security.
ADVANTAGES :ADVANTAGES :
DisadvantagesDisadvantages The main disadvantages of automation are:
Technology limits: Current technology is unable to automate all the desired tasks.
Initial costs are relatively high: The automation of a new product required a huge initial investment in comparison with the unit cost of the product, although the cost of automation is spread in many product batches
Newer Technology.
APPLICATIONSAPPLICATIONS1. Automated Video surveillance
2.Automated Highway Systems
APPLICATIONSAPPLICATIONS3.Automated manufacturing
4.Home Automation
THANK YOUTHANK YOU
ANY QUERIES ?ANY QUERIES ?
top related