the american revolution
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THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION
BACKGROUND
April 1775 Fighting begins atLexington & Concord
AMERICAN ADVANTAGES BRITISH ADVANTAGES
Britain is far away Home-court
advantage Resourceful/smart Colonies are spread
out 1/3 are patriots
More ppl / soldiers More experience Better weapons /
supplies World’s best navy 1/3 are loyalists One “decider”
Military Strategies
Attrition [the Brits had a long supply line].
Guerilla tactics [fight an insurgent war you don’t have to win a battle, just wear the British down]
Make an alliance with one of Britain’s enemies.
The Americans The British
Break the colonies in half by getting between the No. & the So.
Blockade the ports to prevent the flow of goods and supplies from an ally.
“Divide and Conquer” use the Loyalists.
http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/42bunker/42images/42MAP2Bh.GIF
http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/fnart/fa267/sequence.html
p. 187
BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL
First Big Battle Americans retreated after killing 1,000 British
Proved Americans could fight
March 1776 - Colonists drive British out of Boston (victory).
July 1776
Declaration of Independence
written by Thomas Jefferson
Phase I: The Northern Campaign[1775-1776]
Phase II:
NY & PA[1777-1778]
New York City in Flames(1776)
Washington Crossing the Delaware
Painted by Emanuel Leutze, 1851
Saratoga: “Turning Point” of the War?
A modern-day re-enactment
Phase III: The Southern Strategy [1780-1781]
Britain’s “Southern Strategy”Britain thought that there were more
Loyalists in the South.
Southern resources were more valuable/worth preserving.
The British win a number of small victories, but cannot pacify the countryside.
Good US General:Nathanial Greene
THE AMERICAN CRISIS: PAINE
These are the times that try men's souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine
patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of their country; but he that stands
it now, deserves the love and thanks of man and woman.
Tyranny, like hell, is not easily conquered; yet we have this consolation with us, that the harder the conflict, the more glorious
the triumph. What we obtain too cheap, we esteem too lightly: it is dearness only that gives every
thing its value.
FIGHTING IN NEW YORK
November 1776 – Washington retreats from New York
Washington Crosses Delaware Riv.
BATTLE OF TRENTON
Washington crossed the Delaware River on Christmas night, 1776
Americans surprised and captured 900 German mercenaries
SARATOGA Took place in
NEW YORK, Am. defeated
British Gen. Burgoyne – gave up army & cannons
Boosted morale
Turning point of the war – we got the help of France
World war????
Valley Forge
Valley Forge
•Very cold winter camp
•Short on supplies, food, clothes
•Began training
FRENCH / ALLIES Lafayette – 19 y/o French
commander, gave huge donations, helped out by adding soldiers
Rochambeau helped Washington, brought large army
THE END
War in the South
Cornwallis’ Surrender at Yorktown:
Painted by John Trumbull, 1797
“The World Turned Upside Down!”
•British wanted to fight in the South – more loyalists (tories)?•Cornwallis (Br.) ran from the patriots•Br. surrendered at Yorktown in October 1781
War in the South
•Independence of US recognized
•New borders – Atlantic Ocean to Mississippi River
Treaty of Paris - 1783
North America After theTreaty of Paris, 1783
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