the benefits that sensors can bring to disaster mitigation · the benefits that sensors can bring...
Post on 19-Jul-2018
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Coordinating the disaster response:
THE BENEFITS THAT SENSORS CAN BRING TO DISASTER MITIGATION
Coordinating the disaster response:Coordinating the disaster response:
THE BENEFITS THAT SENSORS CAN BRING TO DISASTER THE BENEFITS THAT SENSORS CAN BRING TO DISASTER MITIGATIONMITIGATION
Ronald JacksonDirector General (Actg.)Office of Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Management
Ronald JacksonDirector General (Actg.)Office of Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Management
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Outline Outline Introduction to Sensors;
Current example in Jamaica (ODPEM-WRA; Earthquake Unit, Met Services
Sensors: challenges in Information gathering and management;
The importance of situational awareness to enhance disaster management
Ongoing Development at ODPEM
Introduction to Sensors;
Current example in Jamaica (ODPEM-WRA; Earthquake Unit, Met Services
Sensors: challenges in Information gathering and management;
The importance of situational awareness to enhance disaster management
Ongoing Development at ODPEM
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IntroductionIntroduction
Unplanned SettlementsThe global experience Increased occurrences in natural disastersSignificant Damage in billions of dollarsThe Challenge is therefore to predict, forecast and manage hazards to reduce threat to life and propertyAdvance sensing systems are therefore an important tool in this regard
Unplanned SettlementsThe global experience Increased occurrences in natural disastersSignificant Damage in billions of dollarsThe Challenge is therefore to predict, forecast and manage hazards to reduce threat to life and propertyAdvance sensing systems are therefore an important tool in this regard
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What are sensors?What are sensors?
Physical device (most are electrical) that detects a signal suggesting a change in the normal state
Links directly/indirectly through a computer, so that the value sensed becomes human readable;
Physical device (most are electrical) that detects a signal suggesting a change in the normal state
Links directly/indirectly through a computer, so that the value sensed becomes human readable;
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Why Sensor Use In Disaster Management?
Why Sensor Use In Disaster Management?
To take preventive measures to avert disastersIt allows integration and analysis of spatial and temporal disaster dataAids the modeling and simulation disasters more precisely.Allows for real-time decision making and enhance emergency response capabilities.
To take preventive measures to avert disastersIt allows integration and analysis of spatial and temporal disaster dataAids the modeling and simulation disasters more precisely.Allows for real-time decision making and enhance emergency response capabilities.
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Examples in JamaicaExamples in Jamaica
Met ServicesWeather stationsRadarRainfall Gauges
ODPEM/WRA Telemetric Early Warning Systems and Community Flood Warning systemsStream Flow Gauges
Seismic UnitGround Acceleration StationsSeismic subsystemSea-level subsystem
Met ServicesWeather stationsRadarRainfall Gauges
ODPEM/WRA Telemetric Early Warning Systems and Community Flood Warning systemsStream Flow Gauges
Seismic UnitGround Acceleration StationsSeismic subsystemSea-level subsystem
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Challenges of the use of Sensors
Challenges of the use of Sensors
Reliability (e.g. incomplete information needs to be detected);
Performance: guarantees efficiency;
Maintenance and training: in-house capability;
Cost: benefit/profitable;
Security (e.g. hostile environment);
Technological upgrade;
Supporting infrastructure to maximize use of technology
Reliability (e.g. incomplete information needs to be detected);
Performance: guarantees efficiency;
Maintenance and training: in-house capability;
Cost: benefit/profitable;
Security (e.g. hostile environment);
Technological upgrade;
Supporting infrastructure to maximize use of technology
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Information ChallengesInformation Challenges
Credibility of DataAvailability (data exists but are not easy to locate or difficult and costly to acquire)StandardizationMaximizing the utility of available informationInteroperability
Credibility of DataAvailability (data exists but are not easy to locate or difficult and costly to acquire)StandardizationMaximizing the utility of available informationInteroperability
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Situational Awareness to support Mitigation
Situational Awareness to support Mitigation
A process of monitoring vulnerabilities and comparing them with possible threats thereby allowing for critical decisions to be taken at all stages of the disaster cycle
A process of monitoring vulnerabilities and comparing them with possible threats thereby allowing for critical decisions to be taken at all stages of the disaster cycle
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Situational AwarenessSituational Awareness
WHAT IS AT RISK?
Infrastructure
Critical Facilities
Human Settlements
WHAT IS AT RISK?
Infrastructure
Critical Facilities
Human Settlements
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Situational Awareness to support Mitigation
Situational Awareness to support Mitigation
Allows for vulnerable population and disaster management persons to be aware of the details of their vulnerabilityAllows for mitigation decisions to be madeBuilds support for programmes and activities which support mitigation
Allows for vulnerable population and disaster management persons to be aware of the details of their vulnerabilityAllows for mitigation decisions to be madeBuilds support for programmes and activities which support mitigation
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Situational Awareness to support Mitigation
Situational Awareness to support Mitigation
Allows for planners to have an in depth understanding of vulnerable population, vulnerable areas, hazards and sectors at riskAllows for appropriate planning measures to be put in place
Allows for planners to have an in depth understanding of vulnerable population, vulnerable areas, hazards and sectors at riskAllows for appropriate planning measures to be put in place
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Situational awareness provided at all stages of the Disaster CycleSituational awareness provided at all stages of the Disaster Cycle
Preparedness
DISASTER
Mitigation
Response
Planning
ReconstructionRehabilitation
Recovery
GIS
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Situational Awareness to support Mitigation
Situational Awareness to support Mitigation
Short TermEarly Warning
Pre-impact activities
Evacuation
Long TermLand use Planning
Building Community Resilience
Relocation
Short TermEarly Warning
Pre-impact activities
Evacuation
Long TermLand use Planning
Building Community Resilience
Relocation
MediumTraining
Public Awareness
Shelter Program
Contingency Planning
Structural Mitigation
Reconstruction
MediumTraining
Public Awareness
Shelter Program
Contingency Planning
Structural Mitigation
Reconstruction
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Situational AwarenessSituational Awareness
WHERE IS THE INCIDENT?WHERE IS THE INCIDENT?
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MITIGATIONMITIGATION
HOW CAN THAT RISK BE REDUCED?Structural MitigationNon Structural Mitigation
GIS allows you to spatially represent areas at risk and the level of Risk associated with a particular Hazard.
This in turn guides decision making as to possible Mitigation measures.
HOW CAN THAT RISK BE REDUCED?Structural MitigationNon Structural Mitigation
GIS allows you to spatially represent areas at risk and the level of Risk associated with a particular Hazard.
This in turn guides decision making as to possible Mitigation measures.
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Tools towards establishing situational awareness
Tools towards establishing situational awareness
Telecommunications equipmentSituation ReportsGIS MappingRemotely Sensed Data (Satellite)Weather RadarGauges
Stream flowRain Gauges
Telecommunications equipmentSituation ReportsGIS MappingRemotely Sensed Data (Satellite)Weather RadarGauges
Stream flowRain Gauges
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•Electronic Message Handling System (EMHS)
Tools towards establishing situational awareness
Tools towards establishing situational awareness
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Map 5: Road Networks Impacted by Hurricane Dennis
WHAT HAS BEEN DAMAGED?WHAT HAS BEEN DAMAGED?
Damage AssessmentDamage Assessment
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3D MODEL OF PORT MARIA SHOWING THE HURRICANE ALLEN STORM SURGE BOUNDARY3D MODEL OF PORT MARIA SHOWING THE HURRICANE ALLEN STORM SURGE BOUNDARY
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Ongoing DevelopmentOngoing Development
Real Time Information Exchange among partners before, during and after a disasters
Develop Community Vulnerability Ranking System (e.g. community boundaries, population density, hazard history);
Network Analysis and modeling: shortest path, nearest facilities, evacuation planning, simulation;
Real Time Information Exchange among partners before, during and after a disasters
Develop Community Vulnerability Ranking System (e.g. community boundaries, population density, hazard history);
Network Analysis and modeling: shortest path, nearest facilities, evacuation planning, simulation;
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Ongoing DevelopmentOngoing Development
Web-mapping (report information, 4 ODPEM applications);
Re-establish telecommunications facilities
Link GIS with Electronic Message Handling System
Use of GIS to conduct Modelling
Web-mapping (report information, 4 ODPEM applications);
Re-establish telecommunications facilities
Link GIS with Electronic Message Handling System
Use of GIS to conduct Modelling
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Thank YouThank You
Office Of Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Management
Tel: 876-928-5111 Fax: 876-9285503Email: rjackson@odpem.org.jm
url: http://www.odpem.org.jm
Office Of Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Management
Tel: 876-928-5111 Fax: 876-9285503Email: rjackson@odpem.org.jmrjackson@odpem.org.jm
url: http://www.odpem.org.jm
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