the catholic reformation. precedence for change longstanding calls for reform conciliar movement...

THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION

THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION

PRECEDENCE FOR CHANGE

Longstanding calls for reform

Conciliar movement revived

Fifth Lateran Council -1512-1517

Council of Pisa -1511

Pope Julius II

THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION

CATHOLIC RESPONSES

Reform & reaction

Council of Trent (1545)

• upheld central papal authority

Charles V pushes for new council

• vowed to reform abuses & corruption

• upheld doctrine

Condemnation of Luther for heresy

THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION

CATHOLIC RESPONSES

Religious Resurgence

Renewed seriousness & piety

New religious orders

• Society of Jesus (Jesuits)

Missionary work

Charity work

Pope Paul III

St. Ignatius of Loyola (1491-1556)

St. Vincent de Paul (1580-1660)

THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION

CATHOLIC RESPONSES

The Counter Crusade

Missionary campaign against Protestantism

Censorship & propaganda

Pope as referee between Calvin & Luther

Caricature of Calvin

Seven-headed LutherLuther and Lucifer

THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION

CATHOLIC RESPONSES

The Counter Crusade

Judicial & police machinery

• Episcopal courts

• Inquisitions

THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION

RELIGION & THE STATE

Government determined religion of population

Apparatus of state used to enforce religious belief

Most powerful states = Catholic