the control of noise at work regulations
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Solutions for Risk Reduction
Shaun Knott
Casella Directive 2003/10/EC
Published Feb 15th 2003
Revised October 2005
Noise
The basics
The basics
L= Level, A,C,Z= Weighting F,S,I = Speed The measurement
L A F MX
LAF MX LC pk
LAF MN LA eq (Leq)
L ep’d
What is LAeq
LAeq is the amount of noise we would be exposed to if we stayed in the same area for 8 hours
It is not our actual exposure
However
We need LAeq to calculate our exposure.
Some noise meters do not give LAeq and
therefore should not be used. When
measuring we use the meter to give us
a Steady Measurement or if that’s not possible
we measure one complete cycle
Adding dB’s
80dB + 80dB
Doesn’t
= 160dB
= 86 + 92
We take the difference between the two (6) using the table look at the amount to be added (1) and add it to the higher
So
86 + 92 = 93 dBA
Working out Lep’d
LCpk
Peak noise is the highest point measured and also has legislation as to its level.
The basics
Laeq to get Lep’dand
LCpk
Employer must:• Reduce risks to
lowest practicable level
• Keep records and make them available including audiometry (if done)
• Buy quiet
Below lower action
• 80dB(A) LEP,d
• LCPK= 135dB
• Take action as in regulations
Lower exposure action
Above lower action
Employer must:• Identify all employees at risk• Put up signs• Review if any changes to noise levels• Repeat assessment <2 years• Inform employees of risk• Provide choice of PPE on request (first aid)• Provide training / education• Noise Control
• 85dB LEP,d
• LCPK= 137dB
• Take action as in regulations
Upper exposure action
Abover upper action
Employer must:• Demarcate as Noise Hazard Zones• PPE must be used at all times• Noise control to reduce exposure• If Lepd is over 95dBA then must use octave band
method to check if hearing protection is effective
Note: For peak action level, take the same action as for second action level
Exposure limit value
• 87dB(A) LEP,d exposure limit• 140dB LCPK exposure limit (200 Pascals)• Is the maximum permissible estimated operator noise dose
whilst wearing (and not wearing) hearing protection• Value at the ear after taking into account any PPE• Therefore necessary to calculate effectiveness of PPE• NOT a target, but minimum acceptable• Target these individuals first
Risk assessment
• Assess risks to Health and Safety• Done to identify actions to reduce risks• Necessary when lower action levels likely to
be exceeded• Should assess exposure, measure if likely to
be above second action levels
Employees over the second action level have the right to a hearing check (audiometric test)
As a preventative measure individuals who may be susceptible to noise below this level should also be tested e.g. those with previous damage.
Audiometry
The ‘competent person’
• Competent person does not appear in regs• Risk assessment/control measures to be
competently planned and carried out• Rely on ‘expert intermediaries’ for advice and
services where necessary• Guidance will be given to judge when advice
is needed
Two main types of instrument are used to perform workplace noise assessments
• Sound Level Meter (SLM)
• Dosimeter
S.L.M. or Dosimeter?
• Weighs only 68g• Measures Personal
Exposure• No cable• Display & Visual
alarms• 2 Button operation• Automatic
calibration
dBadge
All instruments should be calibrated prior to measurement• CEL-120• Class 1 or 2• Automatically
adjusts for cavity
Calibrators
Taking a measurement
• What to measure?• When to measure?• How to measure?
• What to ask the person being measured?• How to ask them?
• What to write down?
Taking a measurement
So now we should have• Their name• What they are doing and how they do it• Where you measured it• Who is working with or near them• How long they do it for• The LAeq and LCpk• HML or Octave values
The Results
The results
• So what do we do now we have all this information, what do we actually do with it?
• Write a report ! ! ! !• What do we put on the report?• Who is the report for?• What action to take on the findings?
• Can we make it quieter and not use PPE?
Hearing protection
How to measure for correct hearing protection
Octave band method
Needs frequency analyser 31.5Hz - 8KHz• HML Method
Needs C and A weighted LEQ• SNR Method
Needs C weighted LEQ
Octave band is the preferred method
PNR = M-(H-M) / 4 x (LC - LA - 2)
OR
PNR = M-(H-M) / 8 x (LC - LA - 2)
LAeq Octave’s less
octave attenuation
Lceq - SNR
Health &
Safety
87 dB A (Lep’d)70 dB A (Lep’d)
85 dB A (Lep’d)
Available options
Solutions for Risk Reduction
Or
Solutions for Risk Reduction
Lets make it quieter
Engineered noise reduction
Hand arm vibration
What is it?
Hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) causes symptoms in fingers, hands and arms from vibrating tools.
HAVS is caused by repeated and frequent use of hand-held vibrating tools. It may also be caused by holding or working with machinery that vibrates.
It is not clear how vibration causes the condition. It is believed to be due to slight but repeated injury to the small nerves and blood vessels in the fingers.
What is it?
At first the fingers may go white and cool. This is due to the small blood vessels narrowing (going into spasm).
They then go a bluish colour. This is due to the oxygen being used up from the reduced blood supply of the narrowed blood vessels.
Some people do not have the full classic colour changes
Numbness (loss of feeling) and/or tingling (pins and needles)
It may be mild and just affect the tips of the fingers Minor damage to the muscles, joints and bones may cause aches and pains in the hands and lower arm.
The strength of your grip may be weakened.
What does it look like
European threshold
2.5 m/s²
5 m/s²Limit threshold
Action threshold
European threshold
1st Action
Limit
The basics
One machine used
Exposure Time
Hours worked (8)
Vibration Magnitude in m/sExposure Measurement
More than one machine used
The basics
Risks
• How high the level of vibration is • How long the equipment is used for – short
exposures and occasional spells can be equally as damaging
• How tightly the equipment is gripped • How awkward the equipment is to use • How cold and wet it is when the equipment is
used.
Employer must:• Assess the Risk• Reduce risks to
lowest practicable level
• Keep records and make them available
• Buy Low Vibration equipment
Below action level
A(8) is below 2.5m/sOr 100 points
Employer must:
• Identify all employees at risk with an assessment
• Reduce Exposure duration
• Use warning signs • Review any changes to
levels• Inform employees of risk• Provide training /
education• Control Measures
Action level
A(8) is Above 2.5m/s
Or 100 points
Employer must:• Immediate action to
prevent exposure• Reduce exposure
duration• Use warning signs • Inform employees of risk• Provide training /
education• Control Measures• Health Surveillance
Limit value level
A(8) is Above 5m/s
Or 400 points
The HSE calender
• Anti Vibration Gloves
• Effective in that they keep hands warm!
A word on PPE
“It is better to have a loose grip than a tight grip” !
Solutions for Risk Reduction
Questions
07730 818267
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