the forest garden vision

Ethan C. Roland, AppleSeed Permaculture LLC

With Gratitude to Dave Jacke, Eric Toensmeier, and Dyami Nason-Regan.

ApiosInstitute

The Forest Garden VisionKazakhstan, Polycultures, and Eden

www.appleseedpermaculture.com

The Permaculture Pie

perennial vegetables

coppice woodcrafts & biomass

composting & compost tea

biochar/terra preta

apiculture

aquaculture

edible forest gardening

mycoscaping

bioremediation

earthworks

keyline

natural buildinggreen architecture

management-intensive grazing

alternativecurrencies

food forestry

The Permaculture Pie

perennial vegetables

coppice woodcrafts & biomass

composting & compost tea

biochar/terra preta

apiculture

aquaculture

edible forest gardening

mycoscaping

bioremediation

earthworks

keyline

natural buildinggreen architecture

management-intensive grazing

alternativecurrencies

food forestry

GAIA UNIVERSITYNORTHEAST

GAIA UNIVERSITYNORTHEAST

www.gaianortheast.org

5

“Multi-Gene Cuisine”

Chile

Sweden Kazakhstan

Japan

New Zealand

Home

Balsgard, Sweden

Japan: Sacred Fruit

Japan Apples

Japan Apples

Japan Apples

Research, Chile

Kazakhstan: The Origin of Apples

Kazakhstan: The Origin of Apples

• Tian-Shan Mountains

Kazakhstan: The Origin of Apples

• Tian-Shan Mountains

Kazakhstan: The Origin of Apples

• Tian-Shan Mountains

• Similar climate, temperate forests…

Kazakhstan: Zailisky Range

Valley, Zailisky Range

Ancient Trees

40-50ft tall

80-100 years old

Ancient Trees

40-50ft tall

80-100 years old

Tree Size

US OrchardApple Tree

12-15ft

Wild Kazakh tree60-70ft

Ethan5’10”

The Wild Apple Forest

Diversity!

Aimak Djangaliev

The Silk Road

The Silk Road

The Silk Road

The Silk Road

Why Visit the Origin?

Why Visit the Origin?

• Center of Diversity

Why Visit the Origin?

• Center of Diversity

• Interesting Traits:

Ridgetop, 5300ft

EMAL27EMAL27

1616mN43.22.11’E77.40.38’

53mm avg. diameter

AmazingLemon-CandyFlavor

EMAL25EMAL25

1619mN43.22.11’E77.40.36’

49mm avg. diameter

Bitter-Sweet.Wild red-flesh variety.

EMAL25EMAL25

1619mN43.22.11’E77.40.36’

49mm avg. diameter

Bitter-Sweet.Wild red-flesh variety.

Eden?

Eden?

Eden?

Eden?

Eden?

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries, • Plums,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries, • Plums, • Walnuts,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries, • Plums, • Walnuts, • Almonds,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries, • Plums, • Walnuts, • Almonds,• Pistachios,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries, • Plums, • Walnuts, • Almonds,• Pistachios, • Mulberries,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries, • Plums, • Walnuts, • Almonds,• Pistachios, • Mulberries,• Hawthornes,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries, • Plums, • Walnuts, • Almonds,• Pistachios, • Mulberries,• Hawthornes,

• Rosehips,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries, • Plums, • Walnuts, • Almonds,• Pistachios, • Mulberries,• Hawthornes,

• Rosehips,• Raspberries,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries, • Plums, • Walnuts, • Almonds,• Pistachios, • Mulberries,• Hawthornes,

• Rosehips,• Raspberries, • Barberries,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries, • Plums, • Walnuts, • Almonds,• Pistachios, • Mulberries,• Hawthornes,

• Rosehips,• Raspberries, • Barberries, • Bilberries,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries, • Plums, • Walnuts, • Almonds,• Pistachios, • Mulberries,• Hawthornes,

• Rosehips,• Raspberries, • Barberries, • Bilberries,• Elderberries,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries, • Plums, • Walnuts, • Almonds,• Pistachios, • Mulberries,• Hawthornes,

• Rosehips,• Raspberries, • Barberries, • Bilberries,• Elderberries,• Silverberries,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries, • Plums, • Walnuts, • Almonds,• Pistachios, • Mulberries,• Hawthornes,

• Rosehips,• Raspberries, • Barberries, • Bilberries,• Elderberries,• Silverberries,• Seaberries,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries, • Plums, • Walnuts, • Almonds,• Pistachios, • Mulberries,• Hawthornes,

• Rosehips,• Raspberries, • Barberries, • Bilberries,• Elderberries,• Silverberries,• Seaberries,• Gooseberries,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries, • Plums, • Walnuts, • Almonds,• Pistachios, • Mulberries,• Hawthornes,

• Rosehips,• Raspberries, • Barberries, • Bilberries,• Elderberries,• Silverberries,• Seaberries,• Gooseberries,

• Grapes,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries, • Plums, • Walnuts, • Almonds,• Pistachios, • Mulberries,• Hawthornes,

• Rosehips,• Raspberries, • Barberries, • Bilberries,• Elderberries,• Silverberries,• Seaberries,• Gooseberries,

• Grapes, • Currants,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries, • Plums, • Walnuts, • Almonds,• Pistachios, • Mulberries,• Hawthornes,

• Rosehips,• Raspberries, • Barberries, • Bilberries,• Elderberries,• Silverberries,• Seaberries,• Gooseberries,

• Grapes, • Currants,• Hops,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries, • Plums, • Walnuts, • Almonds,• Pistachios, • Mulberries,• Hawthornes,

• Rosehips,• Raspberries, • Barberries, • Bilberries,• Elderberries,• Silverberries,• Seaberries,• Gooseberries,

• Grapes, • Currants,• Hops, • Onions,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries, • Plums, • Walnuts, • Almonds,• Pistachios, • Mulberries,• Hawthornes,

• Rosehips,• Raspberries, • Barberries, • Bilberries,• Elderberries,• Silverberries,• Seaberries,• Gooseberries,

• Grapes, • Currants,• Hops, • Onions,• Cannabis,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries, • Plums, • Walnuts, • Almonds,• Pistachios, • Mulberries,• Hawthornes,

• Rosehips,• Raspberries, • Barberries, • Bilberries,• Elderberries,• Silverberries,• Seaberries,• Gooseberries,

• Grapes, • Currants,• Hops, • Onions,• Cannabis, • Sorrels,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries, • Plums, • Walnuts, • Almonds,• Pistachios, • Mulberries,• Hawthornes,

• Rosehips,• Raspberries, • Barberries, • Bilberries,• Elderberries,• Silverberries,• Seaberries,• Gooseberries,

• Grapes, • Currants,• Hops, • Onions,• Cannabis, • Sorrels,• Umbels,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries, • Plums, • Walnuts, • Almonds,• Pistachios, • Mulberries,• Hawthornes,

• Rosehips,• Raspberries, • Barberries, • Bilberries,• Elderberries,• Silverberries,• Seaberries,• Gooseberries,

• Grapes, • Currants,• Hops, • Onions,• Cannabis, • Sorrels,• Umbels,• Rhubarbs,

What Else Grows in the Wild Apple Forests…?

• Pears, • Apricots, • Cherries, • Plums, • Walnuts, • Almonds,• Pistachios, • Mulberries,• Hawthornes,

• Rosehips,• Raspberries, • Barberries, • Bilberries,• Elderberries,• Silverberries,• Seaberries,• Gooseberries,

• Grapes, • Currants,• Hops, • Onions,• Cannabis, • Sorrels,• Umbels,• Rhubarbs, • and more…

The Wild Apple Forest

The Wild Food Forest

30Monoculture Mind

Monoculture Mind31

Monoculture Mind

32Monoculture Mind

What can we do?

33

34Monoculture Mind

Polyculture Paradise! 35

Polyculture Paradise! 36

37Polyculture Paradise!

Polyculture Paradise! 38Polyculture Paradise!

Edible Forest Garden: A Definition

Edible Forest Garden: A Definition• A consciously designed ecosystem that mimics the

structure and function of temperate forests.

Edible Forest Garden: A Definition• A consciously designed ecosystem that mimics the

structure and function of temperate forests.

Edible Forest Garden: A Definition• A consciously designed ecosystem that mimics the

structure and function of temperate forests.

• A perennial polyculture of multipurpose plants– Perennial = 3-3000+ yrs– Mono vs. Poly – Each species fulfills AT LEAST 3 functions (7 f ’s)

Edible Forest Garden: A Definition• A consciously designed ecosystem that mimics the

structure and function of temperate forests.

• A perennial polyculture of multipurpose plants– Perennial = 3-3000+ yrs– Mono vs. Poly – Each species fulfills AT LEAST 3 functions (7 f ’s)

• Forest Gardens: Like vs. In

Perennial Polyculture

Common Comfrey (Symphytum officinale)

Medlar (Mespilus germanica)

Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare)

Yarrow (Achillea millefolium)

Blue Comfrey (Symphytum grandiflorum)

Production Scale

‘Support A’ Polyculture

TBD understory

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Kazakh Mimic Patch 2006

Photo: Ethan RolandPhoto: Ethan RolandPhoto: Ethan Roland

Kazakh Mimic Patch 2006

Kazakh Mimic Patch 2008

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Kazakh Mimic Patch 2009

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The Wild Food Forest

53

The Wild Food Forests

54

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Ethan C. Roland, AppleSeed Permaculture LLC

With Gratitude to Dave Jacke, Eric Toensmeier, and Dyami Nason-Regan.

ApiosInstitute

The Forest Garden VisionKazakhstan, Polycultures, and Eden

www.appleseedpermaculture.com