the ibis model as a paradigm for programming distributed systems henri bal bal@cs.vu.nl vrije...
Post on 16-Dec-2015
217 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
The Ibis model as a paradigm for
programming distributed systems
Henri Balbal@cs.vu.nl
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
(from Grids and Clouds to Smartphones)
Outline
● History of distributed systems
● Clusters, grids, clouds, networked world
● Programming distributed systems
● Driving applications
● The Ibis system
● Ibis on smartphones
History of the Distributed World – Part
I (1980s)● Networks of Workstations (NOWs)● Collections of Workstations (COWs)● Processor pools
(Amoeba)● Condor pools● (Beowulf) clusters
Amoeba processor pool (Zoo, 1994)
History of the (more) Distributed World – Part
II● Metacomputing (Smarr & Catlett, CACM
1992)● Flocking Condor (Epema, FGCS 1996)● Distributed ASCI Supercomputer (1996 –
?)● Grid Blueprint (Foster & Kesselmann
1998)● Desktop grids, SETI@home (1999)
Design of DAS (1996)
DAS-1 DAS-2 DAS-3 DAS-4
(slide from Andy’s ASCI’97 presentation)
DAS-3
A real (heterogeneous) Grid
History of the (Modern) Distributed World – Part
III● Cloud computing
● Infrastructure as a service● Virtualization
● Mobile computing● Sensor networks● Smart phones
● The Networked World
Problem
● How to write high-performance applications for real-world distributed systems?
● How to integrate many different resources?
Our approach
● Study fundamental underlying problems
● … hand-in-hand with realistic applications
● … integrate solutions in one system: Ibis
Distributed SystemsUseUserr
!
Fundamental problems
● Performance – efficiency on wide-area systems
● Heterogeneity – different systems & APIs● Malleability – resources come and go● Fault tolerance - crashes● Connectivity – firewalls, NAT, etc.● Security – very hard
Case study: spam filters
#1 Dutch Computer scientist
Top security-expert
CONGRATULATIONS!! YOU HAVE WON2.5 MEURO!!
Dear prof. Tanenbaum,
You may not know me,but I’d like to give you2.5 Million Euro to do research. Please come to Brussels to collect the money.
Yours sincerely,
Mr. V.I. Person
Applications
● Scientific applications● Imaging (VUMC, AMOLF)● Bioinformatics (sequence analysis, cell
modeling)● Astronomy (data analysis challenge)
● Multimedia content analysis● Games and model checking● Semantic web (distributed reasoning)
Multimedia content analysis
● Automatically extract information from images & video
● Extract feature vectors from images● Describe properties (color, shape)● Data-parallel task on a cluster
● Compute on consecutive images● Task-parallelism on a grid
MMCA
‘Most Visionary Research’ award at AAAI 2007, (Frank Seinstra et al.)
Games and Model Checking
● Can solve entire Awari game on wide-area DAS-3● Needs 10G private optical network (StarPlane)
● Distributed model checking has very similar communication pattern● Search huge state spaces, random work
distribution, bulk asynchronous transfers
● Can efficiently run DeVinE model checker on wide-area DAS-3, use up to 1 TB memory
Awards
SCALE 2008
DACH 2008 - BS DACH 2008 - FT
AAAI-VC 2007
ISWC 2008 Multimedia
Computing
Astronomy
Semantic Web (van Harmelen et al.)
Outline
● History of distributed systems
● Clusters, grids, clouds, networked world
● Programming distributed systems
● Driving applications
● The Ibis system
● Ibis on smartphones
Ibis Philosophy● Real-world distributed applications should
be developed and compiled on a local workstation, and simply be launched from there
Ibis Approach● Virtual Machines (Java) deal with
heterogeneity● Provide range of programming
abstractions● Designed for dynamic/faulty environments● Easy deployment through middleware-
independent programming interfaces● Modular and flexible: can replace Ibis
components by external ones
Ibis Design
● Functionality from programming languages● High-Performance
Application Programming System
● Functionality fromoperating systems● Distributed Application
Deployment System
Ibis System
Programming system
● Programming models:● Message passing (RMI, MPJ)
● Divide-and-conquer (Satin)
● Master-worker (Maestro)
● Jorus: (multimedia applications)
● IPL (Ibis Portability Layer)● Java-centric “run-anywhere” library● Point-to-point, multicast, streaming, ….● Simple model (Join-Elect-Leave ) for tracking
resources, supports malleability & fault-tolerance
SmartSockets library
● Detects connectivity problems● Tries to solve them automatically
● With as little help from the user as possible● Integrates existing and several new
solutions● Reverse connection setup, STUN, TCP splicing,
SSH tunneling, smart addressing, etc.● Uses network of hubs as a side channel
Example
Example
Deployment system
● IbisDeploy GUI
● JavaGAT:● Java Grid Application Toolkit
● Make applications independent of underlying middleware
● Zorilla P2P system● Jobs management, gossiping,
clustering, flood scheduling
● Runs simultaneously on clusters (DAS-3, Japan, Australia), Desktop Grid, Amazon EC2 Cloud
● Connectivity problems solved automatically by Ibis SmartSockets
Multimedia Content Analysis
Client
Broker
Servers IbisIbis
(Java)
Connection management
With SmartSockets: run everywhere
Standard sockets: only local VU machines can be reached due to firewalls problems
Ibis movie (part 1)
Performance on 1 DAS-3 cluster
● Relative speedups of Java/Ibis and C++/MPI● Using TCP or Myricom’s MX protocol
● Sequential performance Java: 80% of C++
Ibis Performance (wide area)
● Wide-area DAS:● Frame-rate increases linearly with
#clusters from 1 frame/sec to 4 frames/sec
● World-wide experiments: 22 frames/sec
Smart Phones
● GSM + PC + GPS + camera + networks + ….
● Location-aware● What if everyone always carries a smart
phone (like a GSM now)?● Next wave in computing?
Ibis on Smart Phones● Our focus: distributed smart phone
applications● Applications running on multiple phones● Integration with distributed computing
backbone
● Use Android for development● Google’s open-source platform● Java-based
Distributed applications● Disaster management (Katrina)
● Use ad-hoc Wifi network when GSM network fails
● Finding nearby people with certain skills● Bus drivers, CPR
● Distributed decision support● Moving people to shelters (logistics)
● Social networks● Similar issues
● Find nearby friends, decide on restaurant
Wild example
● Track position => automatic diary of your life
● Cross-comparisons between diariesHaven’t we met before?
Yes, on 23 Oct 2010, 3.48 pm atN 52°22.688´ E 004°53.990´
eyeDentify● Object recognition on a G1 smartphone● Smartphone is a limited device:
● Can run only 64 x 48 pixels (memory bound)● 1024 x 768 pixels would take 5 minutes
● Distributed Ibis version:
+ =+1024 x 768 pixels
2.0 seconds
Ibis movie (part 2)
Interdroid
Distributed Communication
Data Management
Novel Mobile Distributed Applications
Context SensitiveProgrammingModels
Current work● Raven: API for Viable Episodic Networking
● Decentralized synchronization API● Fine grained control over data sharing
● Bluetooth support for ad-hoc communication● Discovery of devices using multiple networks● Context Aware Programming Models
● Supporting distributed decision making● Representing and using context (location etc.)● Exploiting social relationships (Hyves, Facebook)
Summary
● It’s a wild (distributed) world
Acknowledgements
Niels DrostCeriel JacobsRoelof Kemp
Timo van KesselThilo KielmannJason Maassen
Rob van NieuwpoortNick Palmer
Kees van ReeuwijkFrank J. SeinstraKees Verstoep
Gosia Wrzesinska
Big Acknowledgement
Andy
Questions?
top related