the mongols in china. objective o mongols, genghis khan and his sons, built an empire that stretched...

The Mongols in China

Objective

O Mongols, Genghis Khan and his sons, built an empire that stretched from the Pacific Ocean to Eastern Europe.

Essential Understanding

O For thousands of years, the horse was the most important form of Transportation in the world. How did the use their skills of horseback riding to build such a vast empire.

Mongols lived north of China

They were made up of Tribes .

O Groups of related families, loosely joined together.

Mongols were Herders

O Raised cattle, sheep, goats, and horses

The animals grazed in the STEPPES

O Wide, rolling, grassy plains from the Black sea to Northern China

Nomads – People who have no permanent home

O Mongols followed their herds and lived where they grazed.

O These felt TENTS is what they will live in.

Horseback riding was a way of life for Mongolians

O They learn to ride by the age of 4 and they practically live on the back of a horse.

Another Mongol skill was the ability to wage war

O While on horseback they could fire arrows, throw spears, and wield

swords.

They were ruthless warriors

Q&AO 1. What were the 2 things Mongolians were

known for?O Horseback RidingO Waging war

O 2. Where did the Mongolians have their herds of animals graze?

O In the STEPPES or grassy plains of Mongolia and northern China.

O 3.Mongolia is _______ China and _______ of Russia.

North South

Objective

O Mongols, Genghis Khan and his sons, built an empire that stretched from the Pacific Ocean to Eastern Europe.

Essential Understanding

O For thousands of years, the horse was the most important form of Transportation in the world. How did the use their skills of horseback riding to build such a vast empire.

Who was Genghis Khan?O The Man who will Unite the Mongols

His name was Temujin O Which meant “Blacksmith”

O As a young man he began uniting the Mongol Tribes

1206 meeting of Mongol leaders in the Gobi desert

O At the meeting Temujin was elected “Genghis Khan” means “Strong

Ruler”

Genghis Brought new laws

Group of tribal chiefs to help him plan military campaigns

O From the time he was elected to his death he fought to spread the empire beyond the borders of Mongolia

Genghis Khan’s ArmyO More than 100,000 men – warriors in

well trained and loyal groups of men

Officers commanded the groups with in the Army O They were chosen by ability not by

who their families were.

Mongols were the most skilled fight force in the world

Genghis 1st conquered the people of the Steppes

O These Victories brought wealth and new soldiers for the Army

Mongols became powerfulO 1211 they invade China & in 3 years

the control northern China

Attacked the cities along the Silk Road

O Now he controls the silk Road

Genghis Khan and his warriors were known for their use of ???

O Terror – the use of violent actions to scare people into surrendering.

O Warriors attacked, robbed, & burned cities

Reputation will precede themO Mongols became known for their

fierce ways

O People would surrendered without fighting

Q&AO 4. What was Genghis Khan birth name? and

what does it mean?O Temujin – means “Blacksmith”O 5. What does Genghis Khan mean?O Strong RulerO 6. Why did he use terror to scare people into

surrendering?O Sometimes they would not even fight

because of his reputationO 7. What were his warriors like?O They were well trained and very loyal to

Genghis Khan

Objective

O Mongols, Genghis Khan and his sons, built an empire that stretched from the Pacific Ocean to Eastern Europe.

Essential Understanding

O For thousands of years, the horse was the most important form of Transportation in the world. How did the use their skills of horseback riding to build such a vast empire.

The Mongol Empire O Genghis Khan died in 1227

O Empire was divided among his 4 sons

The Mongol Empire O Continued to expand into eastern &

Central Europe and southwest Asia.

The Mongol EmpireO 1258 Baghdad falls to Mongol rule

O Pushed into Syria Palestine then into Egypt.

The Mongol Empire O 1260 They were finally stopped by

the Muslim rulers of Egypt.

The Mongol EmpireO Unified land from the Pacific to eastern

Europe

O Largest land empire the world has ever known

The Mongol Empire O Despite War and destruction the

Mongols brought peace and encourage trade.

O They taxed those who traded a grew wealthy

The Mongol Empire O Mongols respected those who they

conquered, especially the advanced societies.

O Adopted customs and beliefs, religions, for example Islam and Turkish, Arab,& Persian Ways.

The Mongols EmpireO The Chinese introduced the Mongols to

GUNPOWDER

O And Fire Lances

Objective

O Mongols, Genghis Khan and his sons, built an empire that stretched from the Pacific Ocean to Eastern Europe.

Q&AO 8. What happened in 1227 and why was the Empire

divided into 4 sections?O Genghis Khan Dies in 1227 and the Empire was

divided among his 4 sonsO 9. What city fell to Mongol rule in 1258? O BaghdadO 10. What was unique about the Mongol Empire?O It was the largest land empire the world has seenO Even though they were quite destructive they

brought peace, trade, and wealth to the Empire.O They were are also respectful of the advanced

societies the conquered and borrowed many useful O 11. What Chinese invention aided the Mongol wars of

conquest efforts?O Gunpowder and the Fire Lance.

ObjectiveO The Mongols conquered China and

created a new Dynasty that tried to conquer Japan and began trading with the rest of Asia.

Essential UnderstandingO What does it mean to be Tolerant?

How did the Mongols use tolerance to rule China?

Mongol Rule in ChinaO 1260 the Mongols name Genghis’s

Grandson, Kublai, the new KHAN.

Mongol Rule in ChinaO Kublai continued the Mongol conquest of

China

O Moved the capital from Karakorum in Mongolia to Khanbaliq in northern China

O Today Khanbaliq is Beijing

Mongol Rule in ChinaO 1271 Kublai Khan becomes China’s next

emperor

O Within 10 years they conquer southern China

Mongol Rule in China O Kublai Khan starts the Yuan Dynasty would

last 100 years – 30 of those years are ruled by Kublai

O Yuan means Beginning

Mongol Rule in ChinaO Kublai gives Mongol leaders top jobs in the

Chinese government .

O But he knew he needed to let many of the top Chinese Scholars/leaders keep their jobs to allow the Chinese government to

run.

Mongol Rule in ChinaO How were the Mongols different from the

Chinese?

O Mongols had their own Language, Laws, & customs.

Mongol Rule in ChinaO This kept them separate from Chinese

society, Mongol Leaders were at the top of Chinese Society.

O They did not mix with the Chinese People.

Q&AO 12. Who was Genghis Khan’s grandson? What country

did he focus his conquest on?O Kublai Khan & he conquered the rest of ChinaO 13. What modern day city is located where Khanbaliq

was located?O Beijing the modern day capital of ChinaO 14. Kublai started what Dynasty? How long did it last?O Kublai Khan started the Yuan Dynasty and it

lasted 100 years O 15. Who was given jobs in the Chinese government?O Mongol leaders were given top jobs and many

Chinese scholars/leaders were allowed to keep their positions in order to allow the government to run.

Essential UnderstandingO What does it mean to be Tolerant?

How did the Mongols use tolerance to rule China?

Mongols Rule in ChinaO Mongols were Buddhist and practiced

religious tolerance and allowed other religions to practice in their empire. Christians, Muslims, & Hindus.

Mongol Rule in ChinaO They brought wealth and power more than

any other dynasty. Khanbaliq was known for Its…

O Wide Streets, Beautiful Palaces, and Fine Homes.

Mongol Rule in ChinaO Marco Polo – MARCO! – POLO! Travels to China .

Kublai is fascinated by his stories and for 16 years Kublai sent Polo on Fact finding trips

O On his return to Europe he wrote a book on the wonders of China & it amazed Europeans.

Mongols Rule in ChinaO Mongol Empire stretched from China to Europe. Increased trade with goods like silver, spices, carpets,

cotton came from Europe

O China shipped out tea, silk, and porcelain and other Chinese discoveries like steel, gunpowder, & the

compass.

Mongol Rule in ChinaO They Looked to expand their empire conquering Korea,

the Koryo remained in power but accepted Mongol Control.

O Conquered Vietnam to the South

Mongol Rule in ChinaO They forced the Koreans to build warships that they

would use on their Conquest of Japan.

O We will continue this conversation when we study Japan

ObjectiveO The Mongols conquered China and

created a new Dynasty that tried to conquer Japan and began trading with the rest of Asia.

Q&AO 16. What religion do most Mongols practice and how did

this effect their opinion of other religions?O The Mongols were Buddhist and they allowed for

religious tolerance of all religions with in the Empire.

O 17. What European explorer did Kublai Khan befriend?O Marco PoloO 18. Name some of the items traded on the silk road.O Silver, spices, carpets, cotton, tea, silk, & porcelain O 19. What country did the Mongols take control of and

what country did they focus their next and last attack on?O The Mongols took control of Korea and made them

build warships for their next and final conquest JAPAN.

Lesson connectionO 20.The Mongols had the largest land

empire in the history of the world. Isn’t ironic that their conquest of Japan would cripple the empire.

O What does it mean to be Ironic? And why was this ironic?

O Write a short response to this question.