the moral dilemma of the icrc -...
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The Moral Dilemma of the ICRCMacy Justice
What Would You Do?
The Actions of the ICRC
• Illegal?
•No
•Unethical?
• Yes
The Founding of the ICRC
•Henry Dunant
• Battle of Solferino
•Switzerland
•Neutrality
No Protection for Civilians• 1929 Geneva Convention
• Combatants
• Fourth Hague Convention
• Civilians in occupied territories
• Administrative Detainees
• No coverage
Visits to Concentration Camps• Concentration Camp,
Internment Camps
•Defraudment
• Theresienstadt, 1944
• Dr. Rossel
Delegation System•Negotiate
•Center in Berlin
• Roland Marti
Parcel System• Leading effort
• Identification
• Early 1944
•Dietary Needs
• “Well fed dead”
Public Statement• Controversial
•No legal obligation
• Compromise
Why Not Directly Intervene?• Lack of treaty provisions
• Illegal
• German policy
• Domestic issue
• Harm other operations
• Lose access to POW camps
Conclusions & Consequences• International Humanitarian
Law
• Ethical?
• Genocide Convention (1948)
• International community
Picture Sources• https://weaponsandwarfare.com/2016/01/29/battle-of-solferino/
• https://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/GC_poster-2.html
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theresienstadt_concentration_camp
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Cross_parcel
• https://www.icrc.org/en/document/remembering-shoah-icrc-and-international-communitys-efforts-responding-genocide-and
• http://www.kosherdelight.com/GermanyJewishHistoryAndHolocaust.shtml
• http://restoringfamilylinksblog.com/blog/2014/10/30/humanitarian-diplomacy-and-principled-humanitarian-action
Bibliography• Blondel, Jean-Luc. "Getting Access to the Victims: Role and Activities of the ICRC." Journal of Peace Research 24, no. 3 (1987): 307-314.
• Crossland, James. "Expansion, Suspicion and the Development of the International Committee of the Red Cross: 1939–45." Australian Journal of Politics & History 56, no. 3 (2010): 381-392.
• Farré, Sébastien. "The ICRC and the Detainees in Nazi Concentration Camps (1942–1945). "International Review of the Red Cross 94 no. 888 (Winter 2012): 1381-1348.
• Favez, Jean-Claude. The Red Cross and the Holocaust. Cambridge, U.K. ; New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
• Forsythe, David P. "The ICRC: A Unique Humanitarian Protagonist." International Review of the Red Cross 89, no. 865 (2007): 63-96.
• Magida, Arthur. "Witness To Horror: Claude Lanzmann's New Documentary, `A Visitor from the Living,' Questions the Behavior of a Red Cross Doctor during the Holocaust." Baltimore Jewish Times 249, no. 2 (1999): 89.
• Meron, Theodor. "The Geneva Conventions and Public International Law." International Review of the Red Cross 91, no. 875 (2009): 619-625.
• Palmieri, Daniel. "An Institution Standing the Test of Time? A Review of 150 Years of the History of the International Committee of the Red Cross." International Review of the Red Cross 94, no. 888 (2012): 1273-1298.
• Penkower, Monty Noam. "The World Jewish Congress Confronts the International Red Cross during the Holocaust." Jewish Social Studies 41, no. 3/4 (1979): 229-56
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