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Clammers are the foundation of the shellfishing industry in Maine. Soft-shell clamscomprise an important fishery in Maine and provide a local food source to peoplethroughout the region. The idea for Clam Cam came from clammers who want toraise awareness about what they do, why it matters, and to provide a visual andphysical sense of the work involved. Clam Cam is designed to help people go outonto the mudflat, digging with clammers by using GoPro cameras strapped to theirchests. This method allows audiences to experience what it is like to be on a clam flatand, to a certain extent, how it feels to dig clams. The video episodes will be madeavailable to the public through a website, allowing people to gain a deeperunderstanding and appreciation of the work involved in clam harvesting.

Introduction

FieldMethods

Insights&Examples

DescriptiveAnalysisIn sum, through Clam Cam, we learned how clammers’ work is labor-intensive andhighly varied. We highlight insights from a descriptive and thematic analysis of thedigging episodes and our observations in the field, focusing on the following:

Socio-environmentalcharacteristicsMudtype

Diggingpractices&equipmentPhysicaldemandsofclamming

While only faint traces of the environment and mud and twinges of physical exertionthat shape clamming can be experienced through Clam Cam’s lens, we intend thatmaking this footage to the public through the Web, will promote a greaterunderstanding of the work that is involved to one of Maine’s most valuable fisheries.

Clam Cam relies on rhetorical field methods and engaged digital media approaches,which means we apply theories from the field of rhetoric that focus onunderstanding how people make meaning in their lives by spending time with themin the places that matter to them. In our case, this meant addressing questions thatmattered to our partners and going out into the mudflats to record digging practices.Key steps for this method include the following:

(1) Introduce study and explain how videos will be made public and confidentialityof the clammer and the location maintained.

(2) Help clammers put on the GoPro, wearing a chest-mounted camera.(3) Ask clammers to dig a “hod-full”which usually takes about 15 minutes(4) Observe from a distance and take notes. After dig, conduct an informal

interview about how the digging went and what it was like to wear the camera.(5) Upload and edit videos into discrete digging episodes and for public viewing.

We created 17 digging episodes from 16 different trips clam flats in southern,midcoast and downeast regions of Maine, starting in March, 2015 through August2017. We shared a set of our videos of the Shellfish Focus Day at the MaineFishermen’s Forum in March 2017. Our next step is to set up engagement sessionswith clammers to get feedback and build audiences for the website.

DepartmentofCommunication&Journalism,MitchellCenterforSustainabilitySolutions,UniversityofMaine

CarterHathaway,TylerQuiring,BridieMcGreavy

Experiencingshellfishharvest:ClamCam’sviewofavaluableMainefishery

Downeast, late July: This episode features thepulling method of clam harvesting, in whichclammers scoop their hands into wet, soupymud and pull out clams. Conditions were foggyand mild, and tracks of other clammers’footprints circled the mud. These tracks oftensignal that the areas have been dug.

Midcoast, mid July: Another example of thepulling method, this episode features an areacovered in soupy mud that fills the plastic-handled wooden hod as the clammer leanson it for balance. The mud is also smoothenough that clam siphon holes can be clearlyseen on the left side of the frame, and holesfrom the clammer’s pulling hand on the right.

Southern Maine, early June: This clammerkept several pieces of equipment nearby,including a 6-tined hoe, a plastic bucket, andmesh bags to empty the bucket into. Theclammer is also wearing thin gloves, whichare common for both digging or pulling.

Downeast, late June: This mudflat was veryrocky. About halfway through the episode,clammer’s sweat dripped onto the lensmaking the image appear out of focus. This atestament to both the heat of the day and thephysical intensity of the work.

Socio-environmentalcharacteristicsOur episodes take place in a variety of weatherconditions, from cold late winter mornings tohot summer afternoons. Additionally, someclammers tend to work alone, while othersharvest alongside friends or acquaintances.

MudtypeMudtypevariesfromsoft,soupymudtorocky,hardmudandmanytypesofmudinbetween.Clammers havealsodescribedmudasfeelinglikeclay,sand,orevensawdust.

Diggingpractices&equipmentOf our 17 episodes, 3 demonstrate the hand-pulling style and 14 show clam digging withdifferent types of hoes adapted for the mud.Heavier hoes with strong tines work well forexceptionally thick mud, while thin tines areuseful for getting between rocks.

PhysicaldemandsofclammingClam Cam helps show how clamming can begreat exercise and it can also be veryphysically challenging and painful. Clammersoften spend hours with their backs bent overas they pull or dig clams out of the mud.

AcknowledgmentsThis research was supported by National ScienceFoundation awards EPS-0904155 and IIA-1330691 to theSenator George J. Mitchell Center for SustainabilitySolutions and a grant from the Univerisity of MaineHumanities Center.