the next step in biometric data fusion ged griffin apcoa melbourne 23 february 2011

The Next Step in Biometric Data Fusion

Ged Griffin

APCOA Melbourne

23 February 2011

Biometrics

Types of Systems

Singular Multiple singular Multi-modal

Context

Security Homeland security/border protection Policing/investigative activity

Reasons for Use

Identity Verification Identification of person

Person in custody Watchlist Human remains Crime scene

Typical Operation

Input/Capture

Signal Processing

Output/Decision

TemplateCreation/Storage

TemplateSearch/

Comparison

Sensor

Iris

Retina

DNA

Fac. Rec.

F/Print

Extraction

Iris

Retina

DNA

Fac. Rec.

F/Print

Matching

Iris

Retina

DNA

Fac. Rec.

F/Print

Decision

Biometric Data Fusion

Biometric Maturity

Considerations

Maturity of biometric products (esp. multimodal) Next Generation Identification (NGI) Impact of transnational organised crime Convergence of biometrics and forensic science Application of multi-media data fusion techniques on

biometrics and forensic science Improved capabilities through advancements in

information and communications technology (Cloud computing & quantum computing)

Proliferation of mobile devices “Enter once, search many” operation

PolicingInvestigative Activity

What is an investigation?“an investigation is a search for the truth, in the interests of justice

and in accordance with the specifications of the law”

What does an investigator need to establish1. Has a crime been committed

2. Identity of the offender(s)

3. Location of the offender(s)

4. Connection between the offender and the offence

Crime Scene

Primary Secondary Locard’s principle of exchange, ‘every contact

leaves its trace’ Evidence located

Searchable Identifiable Probative weight Intelligence value

Biometrics Personal • Physical

• Behavioural

Environmental Bioinformatics

Commodity Bioinformatics

DataFusion

Decision/Action

Linking Biometrics and Forensic Science

Bioinformatics

National DNA databases for plants, animals, birds, and insects

Geo-referenced templates may help to locate unique geographical areas

Help in the management of animal/plant disease and bio-containment strategies

Identify stolen animals and stock Identify owners in animal welfare investigation Identify owners of animals in criminal investigations and

local enforcement (animal hair at crime scenes, dog attacks and fecial deposits in public spaces)

Commodity - Drugs

Organic drugs - DNA analysis

Synthetic drugs chemical composition

Pattern recognition of images on packaging

Automated extraction and matching of pill press impressions/features

Commodity – Tool Marks

Tool mark examination and firearm/ballistic examination

Develop templates for common articles (eg. shoe impressions)

Reactive or Proactive Capture and storage of

images of known and recovered firearms

The future

Forensic multi-media data fusion and information retrieval platform Consideration of evidence in the context of all other

evidence Open architecture to support interoperability Integrated/networked computerised system(s) Facilitate high volumes of transactions and fast turn

around Processing scalability and matcher performance

scalability

Ged Griffinged.griffin@police.vic.gov.auMb: 040 966 813