the philadelphia autism instructional methods study …. presentation... · community mental health...
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Community
Mental
Health Act
Education of All
Handicapped
Children Act
Medicaid
Medicaid
Waivers start
EAHC extended to
Infants and toddlers
Individuals with
Disabilities Education
Act includes autism
Mental Health
Parity Act Olmstead Act
First autism
insurance
mandate (IN)
First autism Medicaid
waiver (MD)
Medicaid
covers
autism
treatment
1960 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 00 05 10 15
Affordable
Care Act Fair Housing Act
extended to people
With disabilities
Americans with
Disabilities Act
$0
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
$350
Non MandateStates
1 Yr PostMandate
2 Yrs PostMandate
3+ Yrs PostMandate
Eligible Children Ineligible Children
Month
ly S
pendin
g
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
$60,000
$70,000
ESDM Community ESDM Community
ESDM EIBI OT/PT social skills special education speech therapy other
Subject
Clinician
System
Restrictive inclusion and exclusion criteria
Whoever shows up
Highly trained and supervised in tx
Variable training, supervision, motivation and caseload
Grant funding insures tx delivery at desired intensity and duration
tx subject to programmatic and funding priorities
Traditional RCT Community Practice
Efficacy Effectiveness
Subject
Clinician
System
Restrictive inclusion and exclusion criteria
Whoever shows up
Highly trained and supervised in tx
Variable training, supervision, motivation and caseload
Grant funding insures tx delivery at desired intensity and duration
tx subject to programmatic and funding priorities
Traditional RCT Community Practice
Efficacy Effectiveness
An array of interventions and instructional strategies are utilized to support
teachers and staff who teach children with autism. Some of these include:
• ABA ( Applied Behavioral Analysis): task analysis, discrete trial
• VBA (Verbal Behavior Analysis)
• TEACCH
• Visual Supports (communication/instruction/schedules)
• Positive Behavior Supports (i.e. Jed Baker books, Tony Attwood)
• The Incredible 5-Point Scale
• Integrated technology for social stories/instruction (i.e. Smart Board)
• RDI (Relationship Development Intervention)
• Assistive Technology (i.e. communication boards, electronic communication)
• Floor time
• Pivotal Response
• Research-based reading and mathematics interventions
These strategies are used across all settings, ages and grades based on the
individual needs of students.
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
0 1 2 3 4 5
Ch
an
ge in
IQ
How well teachers implemented the program (fidelity)
Adapted from Azjen (1986, 1991) and Williams and Glisson (2013)
Intentions
Self-Efficacy
Norms
Attitudes
Skill
Belie
fs
Behavior
Knowledge
School
District
State
Federal Policy/
Organizational
Environment
Intentions
Self-Efficacy
Norms
Attitudes
Skill
Belie
fs
Behavior
Knowledge
School
District
State
Federal Organizational
characteristics
What
Behavior?
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