the present perfect & the past perfect ~veronica rizzo

The Present Perfect tense in Spanish is equivalent to “Has verbed” or “Have verbed” in English

The Past Perfect tense in Spanish is equivalent to “Had verbed” in English

Past Perfect Present Perfect Today

The Present Perfect represents an action that begins in the past and continues to the present.

The Past Perfect describes an action that both started and ended in the past, and has nothing to do with the present.

The verb, haber, which means “has” must be used.

In the Present Perfect, haber is in the PRESENT form.

Following haber is a past participle! ***Past participles will be explained and

explored in a few slides!***

Haber:Yo He

Tú Has Él/Ella/Usted Ha Nosotros HemosVosotros Habéis

Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes Han

The verb, haber, is also used in this tense. It still means “to have.”

This time, haber is used in the imperfect tense.

After haber is used in the imperfect form, it is followed by a past participle.

Haber: Yo Había

Tú HabíasÉl/Ella/Usted Había

Nosotros HabíamosVosotros Habíais

Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes Habían

A past participle follows haber in the present perfect and the past perfect tenses.

Equivalent to “ed” -Examples: WalkED, run, read, conversed In these tenses, haber MUST be

followed by a past participle.

Verb in infinitive formdrop –ar/-er/-ir endingadd ending, either ado or ido

-ar verbsado ex: Hablado (hablar)

-er/-ir verbs ido ex: Comido (comer)

ex: Salido (salir)

I have walked the dog. (present perfect)

Yo he corrido el perro. We had swum at the beach.Nosotros habíamos nadado a la playa. She has visited the school.Ella ha visitado la escuela.

The past participles of–er or –ir verbs whose stem ends in an –a, -e or –o carry a written accent over the “i” in –ido

Examples: Caer= Caído Leer= Leído Reír= Reído Example: You had read the book.Tú habías leído el libro.

In this case, they agree in number and gender and follow the word they are describing.

Also, for obvious reasons, haber is NOT needed, for when past participles are used as adjectives, it is not in the past perfect or present perfect tenses.

Ex: The spoken words= Las palabras habladas

There are 13 irregular past participles that are THE SAME in both the present perfect and the past perfect.

AllCatsDanceMethodically EachDayVeryReligiously,PlayVideo games,Read &DoHomework

Abrir=opened=abiertoCubrir=covered=cubierto

Describir=described=descubiertoMorir=died=muerto

Esbribir=written=escritoDescribir=described=descrito

Volver=returned=vueltoResolver=resolved=resuelto

Poner=put=puestoVer=seen=visto

Romper=broken=rotoDecir-=told=dicho

Hacer=made=hecho

The boy has broken the bathroomEl chico ha roto el baño. You (pl familiar) had run on the street.Vosotros habíais corrido en el calle. I have written the homework.Yo he escrito la tarea. They had made the bed.Ellas han hecho la cama.