the present tenses simple present i.e.s. gerena gerena (sevilla) manuel casas - slideshare 2010

The Present Tenses

Simple Present

I.E.S. GERENA Gerena (Sevilla)

Manuel Casas - slideshare2010

2

3-1 FORM AND BASIC MEANING OF THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

1. FORMa. affirmative: Subject+verb (infinitive / +s)

Ex.:I eat pizzab. negative:

subject+don’t/doesn’t+verb infinitive

Ex.:I don’t eat pizza / She doesn’t eat pizza

• c. interrogative:

Aux verb (do/does) + subject + main verb

Ex.:Do you eat pizza? / Does she eat pizza?

4

SINGULAR PLURAL

1st PERSON I walk we walk 2nd PERSON you walk you walk

she walkshe walksit walks

they walk

3-1 FORM AND BASIC MEANING OF THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

3rd PERSON

d. verb forms

• We add –s to most verbs: walks, gets, …

• We add –es to verbs that end in sh, ch, ss or o: finishes, goes, catches, …

• If a verb ends in a consonant +y, we change the y to i and add –es: tries, studies, …

• If a verb ends in a vowel +y, we add –s: pays, plays, …

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(a) cry cries

fly flies

(b) pay pays

enjoy enjoys

consonant + -y

change y to i, add -es

vowel + -y

add -s

3-6 ADDING FINAL -S / -ES TO WORDS THAT END IN -Y

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Gazi _________ too many things.often buys

3-6 Let’s Practice

buy often

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She __________ nice things.always says

3-6 Let’s Practice

say always

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Her father __________ about her.often worries

3-6 Let’s Practice

worry often

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3rd person singular

add -s

rains

SPELLING

(a) run

PRONUNCIATION

runsrain -s as /z/

voiced scrub scrubs love loves

SPELLING AND PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -S / -ES

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-s as /s/

voiceless

SPELLING

(b) sink

PRONUNCIATION

sinksmeet meets fight fights cough coughs

SPELLING AND PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -S I -ES

3rd person singular add -s

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-es as /iz/

SPELLING

(c) push

PRONUNCIATION

pusheswatch watches miss misses tax taxes

-sh, -ch, -ss, -x

SPELLING AND PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -S I -ES

3rd person singular add -es

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3rd person singular

change y to i, add -es

SPELLING

(d) dry

PRONUNCIATION

driesstudy studies -es as /iz/consonant + -y

SPELLING AND PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -S I -ES

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SPELLING

(e) pay

PRONUNCIATION

paysbuy buys

SPELLING AND PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -S I -ES

3rd person singular

add -s

-s as /z/vowel + -y

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SPELLING

(f) have

PRONUNCIATION

hasgo goes

/ha z/

do does

e

/gowz//d z/

e

SPELLING AND PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -S I -ES

3rd person singular forms

irregular

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Mark ______ his

bike up the hill

every afternoon.

pushes

Let’s Practice

push

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The child _______ his

teeth every morning.

brushes

Let’s Practice

brush

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Brenda often ______

about her old home.

dreams

Let’s Practice

dream

2. USES1. To describe routines or habits

I get up at seven o’clock every morning

2. To talk about things that are always or generally true

The sun sets in the west

3. To describe a permanent situation which is true now

We live in London

4. With adverbs of frequency such as always, usually, every day/ week/ year, in the morning/ afternoon/ evening and at night …

She often studies in the library

5. To express future meaning with actions and events that are part of a fixed timetable

The train leaves at 8’30

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(a) I eat lunch every afternoon.(b) Max drives to work every day.(c) We get up every morning.(d) Kyle calls Mimi every weekend.

MondayTuesdayWednesdayThursdayFridaySaturdaySunday

M T W Th F Sat S1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11 12 1314 15 16 17 18 19 2021 22 23 24 25 26 2728 29 30 31

FORM AND BASIC MEANING OF THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

HABITS = USUAL ACTIVITIES

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We _____ television every day.

watch watches

watch

Let’s Practice

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He _______ television every day.

watch watches

watches

Let’s Practice

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We ____ lunch at 12:00.

eat eats

eat

Let’s Practice

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Jara _____ a walk in the morning. takes

take takes

Let’s Practice

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(d) Tia sometimes eats lunch at school.

(c) Josh often eats hamburgers.

100% (a) Mary always eats lunch at school.

90%- 99% (b) Mary usually eats lunch at school.

75%- 90%

25%- 75%

5%- 10%

1%- 10%

0%

(e) Tia seldom eats lunch at school.

(f) Eva rarely washes her car.

(g) Jay never goes to the zoo.

frequency adverbs

USING FREQUENCY ADVERBS: ALWAYS, USUALLY, OFTEN, SOMETIMES, SELDOM, RARELY, NEVER

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Talia _______ feeds her dog.

Sun.Mon.Tues. Wed.Thurs. Fri. Sat.

always

Let’s Practice

always usually

oftensometimes

seldomrarely never

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always usually

oftensometimes

seldomrarely never

Jara ______ watches TV.

Sun.Mon. Tues.Wed. Thurs.Fri. Sat.

seldom

Let’s Practice

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always usually

oftensometimes

seldomrarely never

Luke _______ cooks dinner.

usually

Sun.Mon. Tues.Wed. Thurs.Fri. Sat.

Let’s Practice

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always usually

oftensometimes

seldomrarely never

Peter _________ cooks dinner.

sometimes

Sun.Mon. Tues.Wed. Thurs. Fri. Sat.

Let’s Practice

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She goes to the library

once a week.

OTHER FREQUENCY EXPRESSIONS

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(a) She goes to the library once a week.twice a week.

five times a week.

Sun.Mon. Tues.Wed. Thurs.Fri. Sat.

OTHER FREQUENCY EXPRESSIONS

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(b) I go to school five times a week.

(c) I go to the movies twice a month.

(d) I go to the beach once a year.

OTHER FREQUENCY EXPRESSIONS

how many times a day a weeka month a year

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every weeks

(e) I feed my dog every morning.

I ride my horse every week.

I wash my car every year.

Every is

singular.

Correct? no

OTHER FREQUENCY EXPRESSIONS

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How often do you drink

coffee?

Let’s Practice

Every morning.

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So you

drink coffee?always Yes.

Let’s Practice

always usuallyoften

sometimes seldomrarely

never

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I know. She drinks

coffee.neverMary doesn’t

drink coffee.

Let’s Practice

always usuallyoften

sometimes seldomrarely

never

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oftensometimesseldomrarelynever + rides a bike. Sergio

SUBJECT + FREQUENCY + SIMPLEADVERB PRESENT VERBS

alwaysusually+

frequency adverb +

all simple present

verbsexcept be

USING FREQUENCY ADVERBS WITH simple present verbs

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usuallyoftensometimesseldomrarelynever dirty. Jeff + is +

SUBJECT + BE + FREQUENCY ADVERB

always

FREQUENCY ADVERB

am is +

are

USING FREQUENCY ADVERBS WITH BE

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tired. usually

Let’s Practice

He is______________________________________

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sad. neverJeff is

Let’s Practice

_________________________________________

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Lucy oftenreads at the library.

Let’s Practice

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It rarelyrains in the desert.

Let’s Practice

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Seung never ______

his TV program.

misses

3-5 Let’s Practice

miss

44

Gerardo _______ math.teaches

3-5 Let’s Practice

teach

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Viktor always _______ his car.washes

3-5 Let’s Practice

wash

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Ade usually ______ sugar in his coffee.

mixes

3-5 Let’s Practice

mix

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The baby cries a lot.

3-6 ADDING FINAL -S / -ES TO WORDS THAT END IN -Y

48

The man has a brown coat.

3-7 IRREGULAR SINGULAR VERBS: HAS, DOES, GOES

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does

(c) I do exercises.

(d) He does exercises.

(a) I have a hat.

(b) She has a hat.

Irregular forms:

have has

do does

(e) We go to the gym.

(f) He goes to the gym. go goes

sheheit

has

goes

sheheit

sheheit

+

+

+

3-7 IRREGULAR SINGULAR VERBS: HAS, DOES, GOES

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George ____ yoga every day.does

3-7 Let’s Practice

do does

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Ann ______ for a walk on Sunday. goes

3-7 Let’s Practice

go goes

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She always ____ homework.has

3-7 Let’s Practice

have has

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She runs six miles every day.

3-8 SPELLING AND PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -S / -ES

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They do not wash their car.

3-9 THE SIMPLE PRESENT: NEGATIVE

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(a) do not drink milk.IYouThey

NEGATIVE:IWeYouThey

+ do not + main verb

SheHeIt

+ does not + main verb

We

(b) does not drink milk.HeItShe

3-9 THE SIMPLE PRESENT: NEGATIVE

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She does not drinks milk.

3rd person singular no -s on main verb

3-9 THE SIMPLE PRESENT: NEGATIVE

(a) I do not drink milk.

(b) She does not drink milk.

do and does = helping verbs

?

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(d) He doesn’t drink milk. Jack doesn’t like dogs.

(c) I don’t drink milk. They don’t go to the lake.

do not = don’t CONTRACTIONS:

does not = doesn’t

3-9 THE SIMPLE PRESENT: NEGATIVE

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doesn’t smile

(use the contraction)

3-9 Let’s Practice

This child ___________.

smile not

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We ________ snakes.don’t like(use the contraction)

3-9 Let’s Practice

like not

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doesn’t speak(use the contraction)

3-9 Let’s Practice

speak not

Magda ___________ Dutch.

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feeddon’t

feeds

3-9 Let’s Practice

don’t doesn’t feed

jumprun

speak

Sometimes I ____ ____ my cat.

My husband _____ her.

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3-9 Let’s Practice

don’t doesn’t

sitneedlikerun

rundoesn’tShe ______ ____ fast at the gym.

She gets tired.

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need

3-9 Let’s Practice

don’t doesn’t feed

jumpneedeat

They are good cooks.

don’tThey ____ ____ help.

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Does he exercise?

3-10 THE SIMPLE PRESENT: YES/NO QUESTIONS

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Do I + main verb

(simple form) Do you + main verb

(simple form) Do we + main verb

(simple form) Do they + main verb

(simple form)

(b) Do you like salad?(c) Do we like salad?(d) Do they like salad?(a) Do I like salad?

QUESTION FORMS, SIMPLE PRESENT

DO/ + SUBJECT + MAIN DOES VERB

3-10 THE SIMPLE PRESENT: YES/NO QUESTIONS

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Does he + main verb (simple form)

Does it + main verb (simple form)

(f) Does he like salad?(g) Does it look good?(e) Does she like salad?

Does she + main verb (simple form)

QUESTION FORMS, SIMPLE PRESENT

DO/ + SUBJECT + MAIN DOES VERB

3-10 THE SIMPLE PRESENT: YES/NO QUESTIONS

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do

(h) Are you a student?

NOT: Do you be a student?

main verb = a form of be

3-10 THE SIMPLE PRESENT: YES/NO QUESTIONS

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QUESTION SHORT ANSWER

(i) Do you like ice cream?Yes, I do.No, I don’t.

(j) Does Max like ice cream?

Yes, he does.No, he doesn’t.

3-10 THE SIMPLE PRESENT: YES/NO QUESTIONS

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I like to ride horses.

Do you like to ride horses?

Yes, I do.

3-10 Let’s Practice

Question

Short Answer

Long Answer

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They have a baby.

Do they have a baby?

Yes, they do.

3-10 Let’s Practice

Question

Short Answer

Long Answer

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Cows don’t bark.

Do cows bark?

No, they don’t.

3-10 Let’s Practice

Question

Short Answer

Long Answer