the regional feedstock partnership: herbaceous energy crops and crp land for biomass production...
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The Regional Feedstock Partnership: Herbaceous Energy Crops and CRP Land for Biomass Production Across Environmental Gradients
CRP Management
Joe Castro, University of Illinois
Species lead: D.K. Lee
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
PIs: E. Aberle (ND), K. Harmoney (KS), C. Chen (MT)
C. Jordan (GA), R. Kallenbach (MO), G. Kakani (OK)
U.S. Conservation Reserve Program (CRP)
The CRP program encourages farmers to convert highly erodible cropland or other environmentally sensitive acreage to vegetative cover.
A cost-share and rental payment program under the USDA
Reduce soil erosion, enhance water supplies, improve water quality. Increase wildlife habitat, and reduce damages caused by floods and other natural disasters
Native grasses, wildlife planting, trees, filter strips
U.S. CRP- Current Status
Current enrollment (Jan. 2010): 31.19 mil. ac Change in enrollment since 2007: down 5.58 mil.ac Major resource change (2007 to 2010)
Existing grasses and legumes: 15.3 to 11.6 mil. ac New native grasses: 7.2 to 6.2 mil. ac New introduced grasses and legumes: 3.4 to 2.5 mil. ac Permanent wildlife habitat: 2.6 to 2.0 mil. ac
Expiration schedule 2009: 3.9 mil. ac 2010: 4.5 mil. ac 2011: 4.4 mil. ac 2012: 6.5 mil. ac
Source: USDA FSA
Objective
Assessing potential of CRP land as a sustainable bioenergy feedstock resource
Replicated field trials Relatively large experimental unit (about 0.5 ha)
Effects of N fertilization and Harvest timing on
biomass yield and species composition changes
Montana, June 27, 2009
CRP Biomass Feedstock Production Research Sites
Source: USDA FSA
Chengci Chen, MT
Gopal Kakani, OK
Keith Harmoney, KS
Robert Kallenbach, MO
Ezra Aberle, ND
Carl Jordan, GA
Field Experiment
Location Species$ Fertility(N lb/ac)
Harvest Timing*
Carrington, ND Warm mix (SW, BB) 0, 50, 100 PSC, AKF
Hays, KS Warm mix (BB, SW) 0, 50, 100 PSC, AKF
Altus, OK Warm mix (SW, BB) 0, 50, 100 PSC, EGS
Moccasin, MT Cool mix (WG, AF) 0, 50, 100 PSC, EGS
Bishop, GA Cool mix (TF) 0, 75, 150 2 cuts: PSC, EGS
Columbia, MO Cool mix (TF, RC) 0, 75, 150 2 cuts: PSC, EGS$ SW: switchgrass, BB: big bluestem, WG: Wheatgrass, TF: tall fescue, RC: Red clover, AF: Alfalfa smooth brome* PSC: peak standing crop, AKF: after killing frost, EGS: end of growing season
CRP Management-ActivityFertilizer Application
June 4, 2008, OK
March 16, 2009, MO
April 28, 2008, MT
CRP Biomass Production
Location Mixture 2008 (ton/ac) 2009 (ton/ac)
Min. Max. Min. Max.
N. Dakota Warm 0.80 1.64 0.65 1.82
Kansas Warm 0.36 1.00 0.65 1.31
Oklahoma Warm 0.95 1.47 0.86 2.46
Missouri Cool 1.27 3.23 1.50 2.90
Montana Cool 1.13 1.30 0.50 1.38
Georgia Cool 0.31 1.00 1.02 2.25
Mean 0.80 1.61 0.86 2.02
CRP Biomass ProductionAll Locations, 2009
Location
ND KS OK MT MO GA
Bio
mas
s Y
ield
(to
n/a
c)
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
Warm-Season
Cool-Season
CRP Biomass ProductionWarm-season grass mixture response to
agronomic management
Nitrogen Rate (lbs/ac)
0 50 100
Bio
mas
s Y
ield
(to
n/a
c)
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
Harvest Timing
Peak Stand Crop After Killing Frost
Bio
mas
s Y
ield
(to
n/a
c)
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
CRP Biomass ProductionCool-season grass mixture response to
agronomic management
Nitrogen Rate (lbs/ac)
0 50 100
Bio
ma
ss
yie
ld (
ton
/ac
)
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
Harvest Frequency
One Cut Two Cut
Bio
mas
s Y
ield
(to
n/a
c)
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
MT
MO & GA
MO & GA
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