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THE UNIVERSITY OF THE WEST INDIES ST. AUGUSTINE, TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO, WEST INDIES
Developing and Implementing a LED Framework for
Regions with Extractive Industries
Understanding the Extractive Industries in Latin
America and the Caribbean
March 2014
Background of the Project
The Trinidad and Tobago economy is a small energy based producer in the Caribbean. One of
the country’s major exports is liquified natural gas, mainly due to the investment of Atlantic one
of the world’s largest producers of liquefied natural gas via the establishment of gas processing,
storage and export facilities in the southwest peninsula of Trinidad. Over the past decade,
Atlantic has been the most prominent (public or private) investment in the southwest peninsula
and has captured the attention and trust of the surrounding community through its social and
economic interventions undertaken as a key element of its Corporate Social Responsibility
(CSR) program. Atlantic has recognized that its CSR activities have limited sustainability
impacts on improving the economic performance of the southwest peninsula region and in
recognition of the finite nature of its operations as an extractive industry has sought to partner
with the Multilateral Investment Fund (MIF) of the Inter-American Development bank (IDB) as
a development agency to make a more sustainable and higher impact investment to benefit its
host community and surrounding areas. Specifically, this project is a response to the request by
Atlantic LNG to MIF to assist the company in defining and implementing a sustainable
intervention to promote social and economic development in their host community, which is
located in the country’s impoverished southwest peninsula.
Drawing on MIF’s experience in the design and implementation of LED programs in Latin
America, a workshop was convened by MIF, Atlantic and local government authorities in
December 2010, with the participation of all the relevant actors and stakeholders of the territory
as well as national government representatives. The workshop resulted in a participatory
diagnostic of the southwest peninsula and a LED action plan for the area. Upon completion of
the workshop, a working group consisting of representatives from Atlantic, the Point Fortin
Borough Corporation, social sector, academia and civil society was formed and has worked
continuously with the MIF in a series of consultations and workshops over the period January –
July 2011 to prioritize, refine, and confirm the core components that form the basis of this
project. As a result of these consultations a program to pilot a LED approach in the southwest
peninsula of Trinidad was designed. It is expected that this project can contribute to new and
expanded non-energy business operations in the area. It is also envisioned that the project will
also produce a model that can be transferred, scaled and applied to other regions with a dominant
extractive industry.
The Project entitled Developing and Implementing a LED Framework for Regions with
Extractive Industries was therefore developed to define sustainable interventions and to promote
social and economic development in the communities of the southwest peninsula of Trinidad.
The communities, targeted by this project in the peninsula include: Point Fortin, a small urban
centre near Atlantic’s operations, and La Brea, Chatham, Buenos Ayres, Cedros and Icacos,
which are mainly rural, coastal communities with a cumulative population of approximately
25,000 inhabitants. This Project will intervene in an area where the extraction and processing of
mineral and gas resources have traditionally dominated the industrial activity, but where poverty
levels and unemployment are significantly higher than the national average.
The Project falls in the Access to Markets and Capabilities Unit, within the Local Economic
Development agenda “Public-Private Management (PPM) for SME promotion and regional
economic development.” The specific components for the project are (i) Integrate public-private
actors and build institutional capabilities for LED (ii) Develop new or expanded business
activities in key non energy sectors (agriculture, fishing and tourism) in the region (iii) Support
human capital development and employability of at risk and marginalized groups (iv) Create and
transfer knowledge, results and best practices on LED in extractive industry regions to key
stakeholders groups. This project is MIF’s first installment of an LED project in the Caribbean
and it provides an opportunity to combine MIF’s regional expertise and knowledge with the
specific characteristics of the Caribbean region.
The goal of the project is to expand the adoption of regional economic development policies and
strategies based on public private interaction and geared to economic, social and environmental
sustainability. The purpose of this project is to develop and implement a framework for local
economic development (LED) for regions with extractive industries, using the models and
experiences developed by MIF in other countries. The adoption of such a framework will
contribute to economic diversification, micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs)
development, and improvement of social conditions in the southwest Peninsula of Trinidad.
LED training will be offered to at least 80 members of the public and private sector institutions
that will play a key role in scaling up this project nationally and regionally. In addition to this
training, the Project Implementing Unit (PIU) will also host and participate in several forums
nationally and regionally that will aid in the scaling up and replicability of this effort. The project
also aims to increase access to business training and support for the MSME sector in the area. In
an effort to strengthen the human capital base at least 200 at risk youth will benefit from the
AGanar “Sports for Development” programme which is designed to increase aptitudes and
opportunities for employment, entrepreneurship / transition to higher education.
This project can also serve as a pilot, and could become a model to be applied in other vulnerable
communities and mainstreamed in the national development agenda of the country. In this
regard, the Government of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago (GORTT) has emphasized the
need for economic diversification and social equity within the country and has identified five
regional “growth poles” (or regions) for focused economic and social development as part of its
medium-term development agenda. The southwest peninsula has been prioritized as one of the
growth poles due to the high incidence of poverty and unemployment and the lack of economic
opportunities for residents in the region. The LED framework developed during the course of
this project can indeed serve as a model for the country’s national growth pole development.
Accordingly, by building a framework that can benefit from the large MIF experience in the field
that will also closely respond to the needs of the GORTT, the project will have a higher chance
to inform national policy decisions and to be mainstreamed at the national level.
The project was officially launched on August 23rd 2012.
Introduction and Context
In October 2013 the University of the West Indies (UWI) engaged an MOU with the Trinidad
and Tobago Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (TTEITI) to undertake a series of
capacity building interventions targeted towards civil society. Negotiation / discussion meetings
held between August to October 2013 determined that the first deliverable as per the MOU
would be undertaken via a workshop funded by the EITI multi-donor Trust Fund. This workshop
will draw heavily on the resource structures in already in place with the Pontifical Catholic
University but will also leverage the resources of the UWI. On the 14th November a Team from
the TTEITI, World Bank, Revenue Watch Institute and the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru
met with a Team from the Department of Economics / Trade and Economic Development Unit /
Southwest LED to determine the specific details in delivering this workshop. It was decided that
the mode of delivery of the training would be via 2, 3-day workshops; one held in the third week
of February and the other in the third week of March.
For this activity a series of local experts will be chosen to lead the workshop sessions. The Trade
and Economic Development Unit / Southwest LED Team was responsible for identifying and
engaging these local experts. This effort was coordinated and executed by Mr. Martin Franklin
the Head of Department at the Department of Economics and Dr Roger Hosein the Coordinator
of the Trade and Economic Development Unit.
Aim of the Workshop
The aim of this workshop was to increase the awareness of the dynamics of the extractive
industries among the civil society. Indeed this is one of the expressed responsibilities of the EITI
and it is in this regard that the workshop is being jointly undertaken with the Pontifical Catholic
University of Peru and the University of the West Indies. The University of the West Indies via
the research work provided by the Southwest LED Team will provide local experts to deliver the
individual sessions of the workshop and will also provide the local case study details for the
same.
Where does this Workshop fit in?
This jointly delivered workshop is lodged as an activity under Component 4 of the Southwest
LED Project. In particular, Component 4, creating and transferring knowledge, results and best
practices on LED in extractive industries regions to key stakeholders groups. Activities under
this component are intended to produce knowledge products to facilitate the scaling up of and
replication of the LED approach and model both nationally and regionally. Activities under this
component can be categorized as follows:
The first category involves the profiling and dissemination of information and learnings based on
the activities and experiences of the project. This category of activities involves the following:
1. Communication and dissemination plan for the project (audiences, channels, and media). 2. Case studies, papers and documentation of the LED experience in south western
peninsula.
3. Plan, convene and evaluate workshops and presentation seminars on LED for targeting
key stakeholders.
4. Development of multimedia materials and project website.
5. Engaging other regional corporations/boroughs in the LED thematic.
Creating and transferring
knowledge, results and best practices
on LED in extractive industries
regions to key stakeholders groups
Category 1: Profiling and disseminating
information and learnings based on the activities of the project
Category 2: Creating products that can be
used to teach on local economic development and to replicate project
Regarding Category 2 which involves the creation of specific products that can be used to teach
on local economic development and replicate the project in other areas with extractive industries.
1. LED Toolkit.
2. Development of LED teaching materials
3. Plan, convene and evaluate workshops and presentation seminars on LED for targeting
key stakeholders.
4. Regional Caribbean conference on LED and extractive industries.
5. Methodology to design a monitoring and evaluation system for LED interventions in
extractive industries.
The project is aligned with the Bank Group Country Strategy for Trinidad and Tobago as part of
their efforts to promote economic diversification and enhance productivity, efficiency, and
innovation in the economy of the country. In addition, the project will in this regard therefore
collaborate closely with the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) that the Bank is
supporting in Trinidad and Tobago. In this respect, the present project includes complementary
activities to EITI in which they both promote institutional capacity strengthening to enable
stakeholders understand the economic benefits of the energy sector and it is against this
background that the southwest LED Team has participated in this collaborative workshop.
Expectations of the Workshop
This workshop is geared towards improving the level of awareness of key extractive industry
issues among civil society stakeholders in the region. This workshop will also provide the basis
for material that can be used to expand the outreach to specific other extractive industry areas in
Trinidad and Tobago as well as in the region and even more so build the necessary foundations
to enable the UWI to become the Energy Knowledge Hub of the region.
Program Design
The World Bank in collaboration with the Pontifical Catholic University of the Peru has
delivered this type of training in various Central American extractive industry economies and has
contributed to creation of a similar energy Hub in Peru. As such the general modules were
identified by the experts from Peru. However the UWI was charged with the responsibility of
indigenizing the material and developing and presenting local and regional cases.
The following modules have been proposed with some proposed content / scope. The Table
below also provides some suggestions as to the local expert who would be best suited to speak to
the particular topic being discussed.
Modules Generalized Content PCUP / WB / RWI /
International Facilitators
Proposed T&T
Collaborators
Extractive industries basics A conceptual introduction to
upstream,
midstream/downstream
development, definition and
management of reserves
marketing and export of
refined/unrefined products, and
how Trinidad and Tobago’s
energy sector fits into the global
energy sector etc.
Fernando Patzy Professor Wayne Bertrand
Extractive industries and
development:
Leading economic theories on
non-renewable natural resources;
theory of resource curse –
possible economic, political and
institutional causes and possible
solutions; impact on local
economies and communities;
case studies on the “Trinidad and
Tobago model” of natural gas
monetization, major extractive
activities in the region and
simulations etc. The role of Local
Economic Development and
local content. Issues such as price
volatility and revenues and
publish what you pay should be
covered.
Armando Mendoza (PCUP) Dr Roger Hosein – Theory
Social and environmental
aspects of the extractive
industries:
Social and environmental
impacts of extractive activities;
important aspects of
environmental impact analysis;
environmental monitoring in
different phases of production;
ecological zoning; economic
diversification; viable
alternatives to extraction, and
analysis of alternative
development models:
ecotourism, carbon capture, and
best practice in mine closure and
EI project decommissioning etc.
Miguel Glave (PCUP) Mr Michael John
Use and distribution of
extractive industries revenues:
Analysis of the principle models
of generation and distribution of
benefits produced by extractive
industries and the legal
framework and regulations for
using these proceeds at the
national and sub-national levels,
targeted social programs, cash
transfers and best practice with
respect to the development and
management of Sovereign
Wealth Funds, rent seeking etc.
Claudia Viale (UNECLAC Peru) Dr Roger Hosein
Extractive Industry
Legislation and contracts:
contract negotiation; concessions
and bidding: procedures to obtain
exploration and exploitation
licenses; bidding process; legal,
economic, and production
conditions that characterize the
type of contract adopted; political
aspects of contract negotiations;
legislative reforms; stakeholders;
national and international actors;
emerging issues in contract law;
contract transparency etc.
Revenue Watch Institute Official Mr Andrew Jupiter
Extractive Industry
Transparency and Advocacy
in Latin America and the
Caribbean (Trinidad and
Tobago specifically):
Discussion of experiences with
EITI in Latin America; the role
of multilateral institutions; tools
to carry out an adequate
social/environmental audits and
properly targeted public
advocacy in a Trinidad and
Tobago context, CSR and the
CPI etc.
Carlos Monge (Revenue Watch
Institute, LAC Region Hub)
Mr Victor Hart
Summary of First 3-Day Tranche of Workshop
20th February 2014
Morning Session
Opening remarks were given by Ms. Rebecca Gookool
Head Panel consisted of,
Mr. Martin Franklin
Mr. Fernando Patzy
Mr. Victor Hart
Each member of the head Panel gave a few remarks to open the session.
Martin Franklin- Head of the Department of Economics, UWI St Augustine
Mr. Franklin in his remarks made note of the need for these type of workshop to engage the civil
society so that they can provide added value to the goal of transparency in the extractive
industries. He noted that this was made clear after the first publish report of the TTEITI where it
became clear that civil society needed to understand what they report was saying so that they can
provide constructive criticism. He went on to state that there is a wide variety of issues related to
the extractive industries ranging from environmental, social and economical and the goal of these
workshops is to make the civil society more knowledgeable and as such they can provide the
pressure to maintain transparency within the Extractive Industry.
Fernando Patzy- Latin America Senior Regional Associate, Revenue Watch Institute
Mr. Patzy represented the Pontificul Catholic University of Peru (PCUP) and Revenue Watch, an
international Non-Governmental Organisation at the workshop. His opening remarks were brief
as he later presented on the complexities of the energy sector. He did note that citizens should be
made aware of and become active in the decisions with regards to the revenues involved in the
Extractive Industries.
Mr. Victor Hart – Chair, TTEITI Steering Committee
Mr. Hart noted that this type of workshop was a historic event as it was the first time that the
civil society was being engaged in this capacity by the Extractive Industry. He pointed out the
importance of the event not only being focus on Trinidad and Tobago but also involved other
countries in Latin America and the Caribbean. He noted that EITI was established with the main
goal of promoting transparency and accountability of within the Extractive Industry by
disclosing to citizens how the process of revenues are decided and paid to governments. This he
noted is important because the natural resources belong to the citizens and not the government.
He then went on to state what the long-term objectives of these training initiatives are,
1. The development of an ongoing programme of capacity building for the Caribbean civil
society actors in understanding the operations of the extractive industries.
2. The creation of a Caribbean Region Extractive Industries Knowledge Hub modeled along
the lines of the Revenue Watch Institute’s Latin American Extractive Industries
Knowledge Hub built around the PCUP in Peru.
3. The development of a Caribbean coalition of informed Civil Society Actors with the
potential to form the first Caribbean Region Publish What You Pay coalition.
He concluded his remarks by noting that the success of TTEITI will be dependent on a well-
informed civil society and in this context the capacity building workshops has been put on to
achieve this goal.
Mr. Fernando Patzy Presentation
In his presentation Mr. Patzy went into details about a variety of issues surrounding the oil and
gas sector in Latin America and the Caribbean. He began with an overview of the amount of oil
and gas reserves in the world: oil- 1653 billion barrels which is approximately 54 more years and
for gas reserves it is 208.4 trillion cubic meters which is approximately 63 years. He pointed out
that the fear of these natural resources has lessen in recent times due to new technology which is
allowing for more places to be explored and new reserves to be found. Mr. Patzy also pointed to
some trends with regards to the relationship between reserves and production noting that or
Natural Gas it was on a down-ward trend.
Focusing on Latin-America he noted that they accounted of about 18% of global oil reserves
producing about 10 million barrels per day making up about 12% of world production. Overall
Latin America were net exporters of oil with Venezuela being the largest exported by wide
margins, they were also the largest exported of natural gas in the region.
Mr. Patzy then went on to highlight a number of Global Issues that are affecting the Extractive
Industry that civil society needs to be made aware of.
Prices- he noted that while the price of oil was high and has remained so for a number of
years the price of gas has fallen mainly due to the Fracking methodology and Shale Gas
discovery in the United States (US). He noted that while the price of LNG is currently
competitive that this is eroding and is trouble especially if the US begins to export their
gas as shale gas already represents about 35% of the gas produced within the US.
New Players- according to Mr. Patzy a number of new players are entering the industry
such as China and India both in the capacity as consumers and investors. China he noted
has a strong presence in Africa’s extractive sector and a growing one in Latin America.
He noted that Brazil also will soon be an important player in Latin America. Another
aspect of new player he noted was the ever increasing presence and role of state
companies within the sector.
New Technologies- there are new extracting methods such as fracking that is playing a
larger and larger role within the US sector.
Transparency and Good Governance- he noted that there was a number of organizations
formed in the past couple of years like EITI and Natural Resource Charters that seek to
increase transparency within the sector. He also governments are now more aware of the
value of their natural resources and as such they are more enlightened about licensing,
contracting and fiscal issues with regards to oil and gas companies. There is also more
competition among investors which has created a somewhat more transparent industry.
Why should society care about oil?
Mr. Patzy framed this answer in his characterization of the revenues that come from the oil
sector. He noted that the revues are finite, volatile, damaging to other sectors and can lead to
political instability. Due to this he noted that there is a strong incentive to save as much oil
revenues as possible. Mr. Patzy noted that poor management and planning can lead to
overspending when revenues are high which in turn leads to high debts when revenues fall.
There is also the case of corruption tied into the spending of oil revenues that needs to be dealt
with and he highlighted the example of Nigeria.
He noted that citizens of oil producing counties should care because statistics has shown that
from 1970 to 1993, resource-poor countries grew 4 times as fast as oil rich countries. Another
statistic for the period 1980 to 2006 showed that oil countries were 3 times less likely to
democratize.
Oil Sector Value Chain
Mr. Patzy noted that good outcomes from the sector will depend on decisions made along the
value chain of the oil sector. The Value chain is given below,
Deciding to extract
Getting a good deal
Revenue collection
Managing revenues
Investing for development
Civil society should play an important role particularly in the last three aspect of the value chain.
As there needs to be strong regulatory capacity for oversight with regards to revenue collection
and government needs to find a balance in regards to collecting as much revenues as possible and
attracting more investors (taxation). The core issue for the chain is the final point as government
needs to decide exactly how they are going to use the revenues collected and civil society should
let their voices be heard pressing the government on the proper use of these revenues.
Afternoon Session
Professor Wayne Bertrand- University of the West Indies
Professor Bertrand in the afternoon session gave a very detail presentation on the mechanics of
the oil and natural gas industry. He began from the basics in terms of how oil and natural gas is
created to the more complex aspect of how production sharing contracts are formulated.
He started with an overview of the oil and gas sector globally and specifically in Trinidad and
Tobago noting that while the production of natural gas has risen over the years for (T&T), the
production of oil has steadily fallen. This downward trend in oil production is worrying due to
the fact that the country’s dependency on oil revenues is very high. Another worrisome trend is
the reserves to production ratio for the country which a steady decline in proven reserves while at
the same time a steady rise in production. He also noted that the oil windfalls which are
supposed to be accumulating in the Heritage and Stabilization Fund, data will show that not all
the windfalls are going in the fund.
Professor Bertrand then went into details about the Petroleum Value Chain talking about the
issues acquisition of land for exploring and then the exploration of that land noting that the
success rate of a proven oil well is only around 25%. He pointed to the many different methods
of explorations such as,
3D Seismic Survey
Seismic Survey Vessel
Drilling
Pumping wells
Steam Injection Wells
He highlighted that the amount of oil that is extracted from the sands usually amounts to 25% of
the oil and if the company has a good enhance recovery then this might increase to 50% but there
will always be a certain percentage of oil that remains in the ground.
The second aspect of the value chain he detailed was transportation noting the different methods
such as Pipelines, Rail Cars and Tankers. A way in which companies make money off of their
constructed pipelines he noted was by charging a tariff generally per barrel for the use of their
pipe line by other companies. This tariff must cover the cost of the pipeline and the cost of
maintaining the pipe line.
The third point in the value chain was refining where he went into details about the different
salable products that crude oil and natural gas can be transformed into as well as the different
type of machinery that are used to create these products. Then after this was the marketing chain
where he explained how crude oil and gas are used in upstream markets as well as how they are
used on downstream markets. At this point he looked at the gasoline prices noting that while NP
buys gas at market prices they then sell it at a highly subsidized price to consumers to the tune of
approximately $4 billion. He also pointed to a change in how government taxed gas companies
as before it was based on a contract price but due to manipulation by companies to take
advantage of differing oil prices it is now done on a Netback basis of actual sales. He highlighted
a chart which showed that T&T gas export destinations has diversified particularly after 2005 as
the US has increase their fracking and extraction of shale gas.
After detailing the value chain Professor. Bertrand detailed the different sources of revenues that
came from the value chain. He noted that at the acquisition phase there was a lot of speculation
due to not being sure if there was any oil in the ground. He noted that the cost associated with
development was much higher than the cost associated with exploration and this cost was much
riskier as it was not recouped until reserves were proven. Revenues also came from oil and
natural gas sales, transportation tariffs, Ex-refinery product sales and Product retail sales. He
then detailed how cash flow was calculated for companies as seen below,
CASHFLOW = REVENUES-CAPEX-OPEX-GOV’T TAKE
Professor Bertrand noted that government take was difficult to calculate as there are many rules
associated with this such as licensing arrangements.
The final aspect of the oil and gas industry explored was local content and capability context
noting that locally the government did not have any specific laws for local content but there was
guidelines set forth for the percentage of local contents that should be in contracts. He noted that
there was still a lot of working that needed to be done with regards to the amount of local content
in the sector particularly on a higher level such as ownership and management. This he pointed is
important and must involve all stakeholders within the sector as well as the wider communities.
21st February 2014
MORNING SESSION
Presentation – Mr. Armando Mendoza
Mr. Mendoza presented on the theme of Natural resources and development with an emphasis on
the ‘Resource Curses’. He began his presentation highlighting the importance of natural
resources to countries noting that they play an important role in a country’s level of Gross
Domestic Product (GDP). However he noted that data has shown that countries that rely very
heavily on natural resources tend to grow at a slower pace that countries that do not and this is
the natural resource paradox. Countries with natural resources need to find a way to utilize their
resources to achieve sustainable development so that both current and future generations can
benefit.
He then went into further detail of what the resource curse is about and exactly how and why
economies with an abundance of resource tend to falter. Some of the problems that arise
included,
Dutch disease which lead to a loss of international competitiveness
Overproduction which results in prices being driven down
Volatility of international hydro-carbon prices leading to the dependent economies
experiencing ‘boom’ and ‘bust’ cycles.
Unproductive use of resources
Access to easy credit which often leads to countries experiencing debt crisis
Corruption opportunities fueled by easy wealth.
Mr. Mendoza pointed out that the resource curse is also linked to the political environment as
countries with resource abundance tend to have authoritarian, populist and corrupt regimes and
this often leads to civil disruption for instance Venezuela. Thus Trinidad and Tobago needs to
guard against the many ills of the resource curse and civil society has to play a major role in this
endeavor.
Session Break (15 minutes)
Mr. Mendoza began the next part of his presentation going into details about what is the Dutch
Disease and how it impact upon a country’s economy. He highlighted the three main effects
associated with the Dutch Disease which is the factor movement effect, the spending effect and
the spill-over effect. There are many examples of different countries that have experienced the
Dutch disease during different periods of time and they include,
1. Spain (16th century)
2. United Kingdom (1970s)
3. Nigeria (1990s)
4. Australia (2000s)
He noted that T&T has possibly been experiencing the Dutch Disease and we need to find ways
to make our natural resources beneficial for the country following in the vein of Norway. Mr.
Mendoza used the example of Norway as a country with an abundance of natural resources that
has avoided the resource curse and this is because of the policies put in place to ensure efficient
use of the resources. He pointed to two key conditions which allowed for this,
1. Discouragement of rent seeking and redistribution conflicts
2. Proper planning
While there has been strong academic debate as to if the resource curse does indeed exist, Mr.
Mendoza noted that to ensure the proper management of resources all countries like T&T should
incorporate these policies,
• Good institutions make everything better.
• Transparency can increase institutional quality.
• Saving is important and prudence in how savings are invested is equally important.
• Careful planning and evaluation is essential for domestic investments
AFTERNOON SESSION
Presenter- Mr. Michael John
Mr. John in his presentation noted that it is important to assess not only the impact of extractive
industries on the economy but also on the environment as well as health and social impacts. This
is very important as he noted that the environment is relied upon by everyone in society and
human activity impacts on the environment. This can become a problem if the activity places too
much of a strain on the environment than it can manage and thus we must think in broader
concept when analyzing the extractive industry within the context of protecting the environment.
Mr. John went in to detail about what an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), Health
Impact Assessment (HIA) and Social Impact Assessment (SIA) is about. He noted that civil
society should make their presence felt at these stages particularly as it is required by legislation
to do an EIA before any large project is undertaken. He noted the importance of these the
importance of these assessments to ensuring that the community is not taken advantage. He
noted with regards to SIA that if consultation is not done then, how will companies know what
the needs of the community are and what will be useful to the community. Thus public
participation is very important and even more so meaningful public participation. He noted that
this can only be achieved by educating the public about the extractive industry completely and
that private and public companies should not be afraid of the questions of the public but instead
should seek to be well-prepared to answer all questions. He concluded by stating that this process
is not an easy one but it should be done to the benefit of all within the country.
SESSION BREAK (15 minutes)
After the break Mr. John continued his presentation focusing on the local extractive industry and
the importance to the economy of Trinidad and Tobago. Using statistics and data he noted that
while T&T has moved from being an oil drive economy to a gas driven economy more of the
government revenues still come from the export of crude oil. Thus incidences within the crude
oil sector can have devastating impacts on the country. He then went on to compare the cases and
response to two oil spills that occurred in the country one in the 1970’s and the other in 2013.
Mr. John went into detail about the oil spill in the 1970’s off the coast of Tobago where two oil
tankers collided and caught on fire spilling oil into the sea. He noted that this disaster was the
first experience of Trinidad and Tobago and was on such a large scale that it required
international assistance to deal with the damage. The second major oil spill occurred in late 2013
and is still posing a danger as it is believed that oil is still spilling out into the sea. He noted that
there must be a contingency plan in place to deal with these disasters and they must be catered
according to the severity of the spill. He noted that there were three ‘Tiers’ with regards to
severity with one being smallest and three being the largest. The recent oil spill ne pointed out
unfortunately got upgraded from a tier one spill to a tier three spill. When dealing with an oil
spill Mr. John noted that the quicker the clean-up process the better and also cost should not
matter as its impact on the environment, the community’s health and their social well-being can
be devastating.
He went on to point out the difference in the response to the two oil spills noting that now there
are a whole set of laws and regulations as well as policy set up to protect and mitigate against oil
spills. He noted that legislation for oil spills are complicated because it not just the extractive
sector but it also impacts of other sectors such as tourism and as such it is a complex process that
needs to include all voices within a country. The stakeholders involved are also more educated
and aware to day thus companies must have a plan on how to deal with different stakeholder
from the beginning. He concluded his session by noting that civil society needs to come together
and approach companies rather than doing so individually as their voice will be much louder as
a group when approach these large companies with the issues that they face.
22nd February 2014
MORNING SESSION
Presenter- Roberto Machado
Mr. Machado gave the morning presentation from the point of why there is a growing global
interest on the extractive industries to the policies that are needed to police the industry. Mr.
Machado noted that there were two main reasons for why the interest in extractive industries
were growing,
1. Growth in the volume of resource extraction which to some extent is due to the
emergence of the Chinese economy which in turn increase world demand for hydro-
carbons. This growth is also being fueled by large-scale enterprises, ‘flexibilisation’ of
laws and regulations, growth of underemployment within the sector and steady increase
in international prices of minerals such as gold, silver and crude oil.
2. The growing presence of activism around the industry as there is an increase in the
acknowledgement of how the industry affects the environment, affects individual social
well-being and a country’s overall development.
He noted that while many papers have been written about the industry, few focuses only mining
or only on oil extraction and this needs to be done. He pointed out that one must also consider
the political economy when assessing the extractive industry and not just the economy.
After explaining this increasing interest, Mr. Machado went on to detail the different social
responses to the extraction of resources. He noted that there is a wide complexity of responses
and it is difficult to determine how different communities will react to the extractive industry,
thus it is difficult to assess the winners and losers of any project. He then went on to note that
one must take into account perception when dealing with social responses as more often than not
the perception of winner and loser are actually different from the actual winners and losers. A
highlighted that there is a major disadvantage to communities when negotiating with large
companies that have access to more information and knowledge about the industry and this may
lead to corruption of the community being taken advantage of.
Another aspect of dealing with the extractive industry is the Environmental Impact Assessment
that must occur before any project is undertaken. He noted that one must be aware that for most
cases the benefits of any extractive project is usually overstated while the cost is understated. A
good EIA he noted has to be multi-disciplinary taken into account a variety of factors that may
affect a community. He noted that it is also an expensive process and any EIA done should not
be used as policy development.
SESSION BREAK (15 minutes)
After the break Mr. Machado detailed that governance aspect of the extractive industry. He noted
that good governance within the industry will require a good design and good relationships. He
went on to note that governance can developed in two ways,
1. Conflict
2. Technical design
He specified that it is to the benefit to the country that they find a good balance between these
two approaches within the specific context of the country to ensure that good governance to the
benefit of all
Mr. Machado then went on to detail land use and ecological-economic zoning noting that they
are two complementary policies that are needed to deal with the impact of the extractive industry
on the environment. He then went onto explain what externalities are and notes the different
ways that the state can deal with externalities depending on if it was a negative externality
(taxes) or a positive externality (subsidies).
AFTERNOON SESSION
Presenter- Dr. Roger Hosein
Dr. Hosein began his presentation analyzing how communities or countries with an abundance of
oil tend to be more relax as compared to those without. He noted that while the wage rate in the
oil sector tends to be high this usually goes hand in hand with low productivity and this is a
danger that countries must guard against. He pointed out that oil has an attribute of being
associated with underdevelopment and there are only very few exceptions like Norway.
Dr. Hosein then went on to detail the theoretical fundamentals of the Dutch Disease and how it
relates to Trinidad and Tobago. He noted that since the early 1990’s to the current time the
country has seen and expansion in its service sector and a contraction in its manufacturing sector
which is one of the main results of the Dutch Disease. He noted that this is a natural process with
regards to the forces of oil and thus we need to find a way to reverse this transition. Some
solutions noted is by providing incentives to the manufacturing sector or by structuring state
programs like GATE to be strategically aligned with the gaps within the economy.
Another way to deal with the under-development that is seen in oil rich communities is by
engaging in Localized Economic Development (LED) programs as he noted that only a bottoms-
up approach will work for these communities that are usually rural. Civil society in the count
according to Dr. Hosein is too dormant and they need to get involved particularly with regards to
LED. He noted that civil society needs to find ways to get large companies to spend more
money within the community and they need to approach these companies as a group rather than
individually so as to get better results.
He went on to highlight that the many issues that the Trinidad and Tobago’s economy is
experiencing from declining competitiveness to becoming more and more specialized.
Unfortunately the economic structure is at the point where the probability from mowing form a
weak sector to a strong sector in terms of exporting is low and the other way around is high. This
means that policies within the country is now allowing for declining productive capacity instead
of rising capacity.
The oil and gas global environment is changing, Dr. Hosein noted, due to the increase extraction
of shale gas by the United States. He pointed out to the fact that, the world’s two largest
economies and largest consumers of hydro-carbon products have the largest reserves of shale gas
and due to this T&T need to intensively use our gas reserves for the most added value to the
economy. The country also needs to be careful in the use of the oil rents in that it must be
substantively employed and reutilized into human development as well as ensuring that some
revenue is placed in the stabilization fund. This he noted will allow for the non-renewable
resource of oil or gas to be transferred to a renewable resource like human capital that has long-
term yield.
Summary of Second 3-Day Tranche of Workshop
20th March 2014
MORNING SESSION
Presenter: Mr. Andrew Jupiter
Mr. Jupiter in his presentation detailed the history of legislation and contracts in the oil industry
in Trinidad and Tobago. He noted that the experience of Trinidad and Tobago is a unique one
because of the fact that we are surrounded by oil wells within our sea boundaries as well as oil
wells on land and also the fact that we are able to extract a variety of products from these wells
such as heavy and light oil as well as gas and condensate. Due to this there is no text book that
has a set pattern to deal with Trinidad and Tobago experience and thus we must learn from
experience.
Mr. Jupiter then went on to highlight nine important legislations that has been passed since the
first oil well was drilled in the country and how these legislation has impacted on the industry
and the country as a whole.
He went on to state the importance of making sure that when these legislations are drafted that
they phrased in such a way to capture exactly what the government is setting out to do so that
there are no loopholes that can be taken advantage of. Trinidad and Tobago has been enacting
legislation even before the thrust towards nationalization in 1974. The main benefit of this
nationalization thrush was that it provided the government with the opportunity to truly
understand the amount of revenues that these oil companies were making and thus be more
informed when negotiating with the companies.
AFTERNOON SESSION
Presenter: Dr. Roger Hosein
Dr. Hosein presented on the use and distribution of revenues particularly in the case of Trinidad
and Tobago. He firstly noted that there is a misconception on the size of the Trinidad and
Tobago’s economy in terms of revenue and due to this a lot of demands are made that are
unsustainable. He noted that the country is experiencing asset price inflation due to this and this
is reflected in the prices of houses within the country.
Another issue he brought up was the high liquidity of the banking sector and where this money is
going. He noted that large petroleum companies require large amounts of money to finance their
projects and local banks can supply this so they borrow from foreign banks. Thus most of the
cash within the system goes towards the service sector but the problem with this is that this
sector only stimulates approximately 44% of the economy but at the same time employs
approximately 85% of the labour force. This is a dangerous position that the economy is in as
this sector is not productive and Dr. Hosein pointed out that this is a classic effect of the ‘Dutch
disease’ as labour from productive sectors like agriculture and manufacturing has been pulled
towards the service sector resulting in de-agriculturalization and de-industrialization
respectively.
According to Dr. Hosein the Trinidad and Tobago’s economy is now a bubble economy that is
very dependent on the petroleum sector. The revenues from this sector also tend to distort the
GDP per capita level as it inflates the value. He noted that the income of the average person in
the country is much lower than the reported GDP per capita and what this indicates is that there
is a wide income inequality problem within the country. One main solution for this he noted is
through education as the country needs to improve its percentage of population that is obtaining
a good education. He noted that civil society can play a role here by pressuring Multi-national
corporations to help with this issue in their communities through CSR initiatives.
Dr. Hosein then went on to detail three policies implemented by pass and present governments
that he believes is handicapping the economy from reaching its true productive capacity. The
policies are,
Fuel Subsidy
CEPEP
GATE
These policies according to Dr. Hosein has entrenched in the society a degree of laziness in the
people and is wasting revenues and productive capacity.
He concluded by noting that having resources is not a curse but it is the management of these
resources which results in the negative impacts on the country. He noted that resource abundant
countries must have prudent fiscal policy and must make strategic interventions into the
economy. Most of all there must be some sort of policy to protect the revenues gained like a
Stabilization Fund because it is the access to these revenues that causes inflationary spending
resulting in inconsistent growth for these countries.
21st March 2014
MORNING SESSION
Presenter: Claudia Viale
Ms. Viale assessed in her presentation the distribution and use of revenues of resource abundant
countries in Latin America. She began by detailing the size of revenues collected from
hydrocarbon and mining industries for a variety of Latin American countries such as Peru, Brazil
and Ecuador. Ms. Viale then went on to look at a number of options for which this revenue can
and has been used for within these countries such as,
Include the revenues in the national budget- this option is faced with a number of issues
such as the volatility of the prices of extractive products as well as the exhaustibility of
these revenues.
Share revenues with government- there are different type of revenue schemes with
varying level of success within the region. Ms. Viale noted that this varied success level
has led to inequality with in the region due to the scheme implemented.
Funds- there are three different funds that have been implemented in the region and
these include; Stabilization fund, Social fund (Brazil) and Intergenerational savings fund.
Direct Cash Transfers- Most countries have some kind of cash transfer to vulnerable
populations (often with conditions). Few countries have transfers exclusively funded by
hydrocarbon revenues.
Investment in Economic Diversification- this final use of the resources Ms. Viale noted
is very important as it will help resource-abundant countries avoid experiencing the
‘resource curse’ through expanding their production base.
AFTERNOON SESSION
Presenter: Mr Carlos Monge
In this session Mr. Monge looked at transparency, accountability and governance with respect to
extractive industries. Firstly looking at transparency, Mr. Monge discussed what should be the
balance between public access to information and national security. Should transparency be
viewed as a human right and if so then how far should the information go with respect to private
companies.
Then he went on to discuss accountability on how it differs from transparency within the
industry. He noted that while transparency is a passive action that is necessary, accountability
requires more action on the part of the government. He noted that accountability requires that the
state justify their actions to citizens and this can be done through a number of mechanisms such
as public consultations. Accountability also requires follow-up to ensure that what was promised
is put into plans and come to fruition as stipulated.
Mr. Monge then went on to detail the importance of governance for countries with an abundance
of resources. He noted that governance is vital in ensuring the success of these economies and it
requires involvement of all sectors of society. Governance should not only be at the top levels
but in order for it to be truly effective it should include all stakeholders from citizens at large to
the Minister of the Energy sector. There should also be checks and balances in place in the
governance process to ensure that corruption does not take place and the role of civil society is
very important in this process.
He then went on to look at governance indicators for Latin American countries noting that on a
global scale that these countries as well as Trinidad and Tobago were in a relatively good
position. After this Mr. Mogne detailed exactly what EITI is about and looked at the number of
countries that has joined onto the initiative since its inception noting that many countries in
Africa were the first to join on. In terms of Latin America he noted that there was a slow start to
joining EITI as between 2004 and 2012 the only member was Peru, but since there has been an
increase in membership from the surrounding region.
22nd March 2014
MORNING SESSION
Presenter: Mr. Victor Hart, Chair, TTEITI Steering Committee
Theme: The Role of the Civil Society in Advocacy- Trinidad and Tobago / Caribbean Style.
The Extractive Industry Transparency Initiative (EITI) aims to promote governance by
strengthening transparency in the extractive industries. The EITI believe that the revenues from
extractive industries should be used to promote economic growth and social development.
However the lack of transparency in the management of these resources has led to corruption.
The EITI was therefore established to address these challenges. Private organizations and
Governments that supports the EITI are giving a commitment to fight against corruption and
support good governance and transparency.
Mr. Hart explained that democracy is “ …the government of the people by the people for the
people…” (Abraham Lincoln, 1863) He explained that in the past, we gave full authority to our
elected governors however the operations of Governments are a far cry from the ideal
participatory democracy. Mr. Hart indicated that his sense of social consciousness and his
experience as a Commissioner on the Piarco Integrity Commission, opened his eyes to the
damage corruption can cause to a country and solidified his determination to fight against
corruption. For this cause he joined the EITI and continues to advocate better governance.
Mr. Hart stated that a significant percentage of Trinidad and Tobago’s revenue comes from the
Energy Sector and that the natural resources of the country belong to the people. The People of
this nation should therefore know how the resources are managed and this information should
not be confidential for the government and the extractive industries only.
Civil Society Organizations (CSO) therefore has a role to play in achieving credibility
transparency and accountability for the people of this country. We should recognize strength in
numbers for the cause being pursued. Democracy requires participation and therefore all CSO
must better their performance if they want to be better. CSO have an obligation to the people
they represent to better their performance and must be able to justify sitting at the table in the
governance of a country.
CSO must improve their organizational structure reflect a more accountable and transparent
organization and to merit the respect and authority they should have. This move can only lead to
increased membership, donors and a better look for the organization. Mr. Hart indicated that the
Trinidad and Tobago Transparency Institute has published a CSO toolkit which is available for
all NGO’s and CSO.
Mr. Belgrove- Civil Society Organizations- Rethink the Social Contract
Charter of Civil Society for the Caribbean Community
Preamble:
“We the people of the Caribbean Community acting through the assembled representatives of
our Government;”
The World Bank defines Civil Society Organizations as:
“the wide array of non-governmental and not for profit organizations that have a presence in the
public life expressing the interests and values of their members or others based on ethical
cultural political scientific religious or philanthropic considerations. Civil Society CSO therefore
refer to a wide array of organizations: community groups, non-governmental organizations
(NGOs), labor unions, …”
Mr. Belgrove also quoted Jean-Jacques Rousseau “Man is born free but everywhere he is in
chains” to argue that the Social Contract may be unjust. He stated that the Act of an association
creates a collective body called a Sovereign. The Sovereign is the supreme authority in the state;
it has its own life and will. Its interest which is the general will always promotes the common
good. The role of the sovereign is to employ the government as a representative of the people in
charge of carrying out the general will of the people. Mr. Belgrove extracted the words
“community groups” from the World Bank’s definition, to argue that people should band
together for their mutual preservation. He stated that we are the people and we are the
“Sovereign”.
The Law
Expresses the general will
Must make regulations that affect the entire populace: “When individuals obey the Law
we obey ourselves.”
Allow for associations.
The sustainability of CSO is premised on seven dimensions.
Financial Viability
Advocacy
Service Provision
Infrastructure
Public Image
Engage youths within your organization through training, consultation. Each organization should
have some sort of succession planning.
Evaluation for Workshop
Participants were asked to rate various aspects of the workshop including program, speakers and
logistics. The rating system ranged from 1 to 5, with 5 being excellent. The following Table
provides a summary of the stakeholder responses between the two 2 3-day tranches of the
workshop.
Understanding the Extractive Industries in Latin America and the Caribbean
Evaluation Form
1. Program Average
Was the program well organized 4.44
Were the topics relevant to you? 4.32
Were the objectives of the workshop clear? 4.04
2. Speakers
Were the speakers prepared and informative? 4.52
Was the information presented understandable? 4.36
Were the presentations relevant? 4.44
Were the questions answered to your satisfaction 4.16
3. Logistics
Were the sessions' starting and ending times convenient? 4.12
Was your registration handled smoothly? 4.68
Did you find about the workshop in a timely manner? 4.32
How would you rate the quality of the catering? 4.63
Other comments made regarding the workshop include:
1. The program provided me with great insight into the extractive industries sectors in Latin
America and the Caribbean
2. Was an eye opening and can inform discussions by society on the industry
3. Very relevant and timely
4. Well thought out and informative
5. Excellent speakers who provided the participants with opportunities to discuss pertinent
to their respective countries
6. Speakers are knowledgeable and clearly experienced
7. Speakers were very knowledgeable and could interface well with the audience
8. An important workshop which was very beneficial
9. Excellent collaboration between T&T and PERU. Interested participants from other
countries in region with pertinent experience shared
10. Very interactive/informative. Achieved the understanding goal clearly.
Future Collaboration
Based on the success and positive feedback from this workshop the southwest LED Team and
the World Bank agreed to design an interactive program similar to the workshop structure that
can be delivered in a shorter period of time to stakeholders in various regions locally and in the
Caribbean. The associated concept notes with logistic planning documents are currently being
developed.
APPENDICES
SPEAKER BIOGRAPHIES
WAYNE G. BERTRAND
Wayne Gerrard Bertrand (P. Geol) retired in 2008 as President-Operations at the Petroleum
Company of Trinidad and Tobago Limited (Petrotrin). He is now a Distinguished Fellow in
Practice (Petroleum Studies) and Senior Lecturer in Petroleum Geoscience in the Faculty of
Engineering at The University of the West Indies (UWI). He holds a B.Sc. degree in Geology
from the University of the West Indies in 1969 and a M.Sc. in Geology from the University of
British Colombia in 1972. He has 40 years experience in the energy industry holding positions
from Senior Geologist at Shell Canada Limited to President-Operations at Petrotrin. Along the
way he has served in several technical, managerial and leadership positions in all phases of the
Petroleum Value Chain.
He has also been the Petrotrin Visiting Fellow and initial Program Coordinator of the B.Sc
Petroleum Geoscience Program at the University of the West Indies (2001-2004) and Convenor
of the Academic/Industry Committee for this programme (2001-2008). He joined the University
as full time Coordinator of the Petroleum Geoscience programme in 2008 and as Head of the
Petroleum Studies Unit in 2011. He retired from UWI in 2013 and is now on a post retirement
contract at the University and a Consultant to Industry. He has published and/or presented over
thirty (35) papers both locally and internationally. He has held several corporate Directorships
and is currently a Director of Neal and Massy Energy Ltd and Chairman of Ventrin Petroleum
Co Ltd.
Wayne is a member of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG), the Society
of Petroleum Engineers (SPE), the Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists (CSPG), the
Geological Society of Trinidad and Tobago (GSTT), the Association of Professional Engineers,
Geologists and Geophysicists of Alberta (APEGGA) and was the Petrotrin representative on
several business organizations and on ARPEL. He was presented with the SPETT Distinguished
award in 1995 and 2005, and was made an Honorary Member of the GSTT in 2002. In 2006, he
was the recipient of the Distinguished Service Award from GSTT, and in 2008 received the SPEI
Regional award (Latin America and the Caribbean) for Production and Operations. In 2007
January, he was appointed Chairman of the Occupational Safety and Health Authority of
Trinidad and Tobago, for a three (3) year term ending 2010 January.
MICHAEL JOHN BIO
Michael John is joined the Strategic Planning Department of Trintopec in 1991 after five years as
a economist in the Research Department of the Central Bank of Trinidad and Tobago and
thirteen years as a teacher. With the merger of Trintoc and Trintopec and formation of Petrotrin,
in 1993 he was moved to the Strategic Planning Department rising to the positions of Head-
Strategic Planning and Manager Strategic Planning. Between 2007 and 2011 He was seconded to
Petrotrin Employee Assistance Programme Services Limited as Chief Executive Officer. He
returned to Petrotrin in February 2011 and is currently Manager- Projects. In addition He served
as a Director of TECU Credit Union and Co-operative Society, a council member of the Energy
Chamber and since 2009 has served as a part-time lecturer in Energy Economics at the
University of the West Indies St Augustine.
Michael holds a BA Education (USC), BSc. Econ (1st Class Honors) (UWI), an LLB (University
of London) and an MBA (Andrews University). He has also had post-graduate training at the
Oxford College of Petroleum Studies..
ROGER HOSEIN
Dr Roger Hosein is currently a senior lecturer and the coordinator of the Trade and Economic
Development Unit at the Department of Economics, University of the West Indies, St Augustine.
He has been a member of staff at the Department of Economics since 2000. His research in the
last few years has included topical local macroeconomic issues of public spending, budgeting
and fiscal responsibility. In the area of tertiary level spending he was also heavily involved in the
technical design of the Government’s Dollar for Dollar and Government Assistance Tuition
Expenses (GATE) programs. Additionally, he has served as a member of the Labor Market Sub
Committee, a team appointed by the Government of the T&T. Dr. Hosein has worked with the
Caricom Secretariat, the Caribbean Development Bank and the Office of Trade Negotiations
(OTN) formally the Caribbean Regional Negotiating Machinery (CRNM), the Pan-American
Health Organization (PAHO), the International Labor Organization (ILO), the World Trade
Organization (WTO), the World Bank, and the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB),
UNECLAC and UNDP. He has also worked with most of the multinational energy companies
including, bpTT, BGTT, Repsol, Atlantic, Talisman and Centrica. He has written 6 books either
directly or with coauthors and has published over 45 peer reviewed papers and chapters in peer
reviewed journals.
His current research interests are on corporate social responsibility, localized economic
development planning, revealed comparative advantage theory, natural trading partner
hypothesis and the Dutch Disease in small petroleum exporting economies.
Dr. Hosein is also the president of the “Sustainable Unemployment Reduction Effort” (SURE)
Foundation, an NGO that provides ideas and policy suggestions to help create sustainable jobs as
well as do public outreach charitable work.
ANDREW JUPITER
Andrew Jupiter was conferred the honorary title of ‘Distinguished Fellow’ by The University of
the West Indies (UWI) in 2013. He is the holder of the Trinidad and Tobago Methanol
Company (TTMC) Chair in Petroleum Engineering attached to the Department of Chemical
Engineering in the Faculty of Engineering at UWI.
Mr. Jupiter has more than 36 years of experience in the energy industry, having started his career
at Shell Trinidad Limited in 1971. He is currently an Energy Consultant.
Mr. Jupiter was the Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Energy and Energy Industries from 1998 to
2004. He was also the President of National Energy Corporation of Trinidad and Tobago
Limited (National Energy) and, subsequently, the President of the Energy Strategic Unit of The
National Gas Company of Trinidad and Tobago Limited (NGC) and National Energy.
Mr. Jupiter led the Government negotiating team that signed Production Sharing Contracts
(PSC’s) between GORTT and multi-national oil companies. Several of these blocks are in
commercial production today. He also participated in the successful negotiations for LNG trains
in Trinidad and Tobago.
He further led the team representing the Government of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
(GORTT) in its initiative to provide guidance to African countries in the development of their
petroleum industries and has also served as an expert witness to GORTT on petroleum matters.
Mr. Jupiter was one of 50 public servants recognized for their contribution to the country at its
50 years of Independence celebrations (1962-2012).
He is a member of the Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE), the Energy Institute and the
Association of International Petroleum Negotiators (AIPN) and was the first Trinidadian to serve
as AIPN Director. He is the recipient of the outstanding SPE Member Award 2004 and also an
award from the Point Fortin Borough Council for his contribution to the economic development
of Point Fortin and the Energy Sector of Trinidad and Tobago.
PROGRAM
DAY 1
Thursday 20 February, 2014
8:00 – 9:00am Registration and Breakfast
Opening Ceremony
9:00 – 9:07 am Introductory Remarks & Safety Briefing
Ms. Rebecca Gookool,
UWI Lecturer & Workshop Coordinator
9:08 – 9: 12am Greetings
Mr. Errol Simms,
Dean Faculty of Social Sciences, UWI St Augustine
9:13 – 9:22 am Greetings
Mr. Martin Franklin,
Head, Department of Economics, UWI St Augustine
9:23 – 9:32am Greetings
Mr. Fernando Patzy
Latin America Senior Regional Associate, Revenue Watch Institute
9:33 – 9:42am Greetings
Mr. Victor Hart
Chair, TTEITI Steering Committee
9:43 – 9:45am Closing remarks
9:46 – 10:10am Break & Photo Opportunity
10:11 – 10:30am Ice breaker & Participant Introduction
10:31 – 12noon The RWI Latin America Knowledge Hub - Examples for the Caribbean
Mr. Fernando Patzy
Revenue Watch Institute
12:01 – 1:00pm Lunch
1:01 – 2:45pm Extractive Industries Basics
Dr. Wayne Bertrand
University of the West Indies
2:46 – 3:00pm Break
3:01 – 4:00pm Extractive Industries Basics
Dr. Wayne Bertrand
University of the West Indies
DAY 2
Friday 21 February, 2014
8:00 – 9:00am Registration and Breakfast
9:01 – 9:20am Recap of Day 1 & Introduction of Foreign Expert
9:21 –10:45am Extractive Industries and Development Part 1
Mr. Armando Mendoza
Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (PCUP)
10:46 – 11:00am Break
11:01 – 12noon Extractive Industries and Development Part 2
Mr. Armando Medoza
Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (PCUP)
12:01 – 1:00pm Lunch
1:10 – 2:45pm Social and Environmental Aspects of the Extractive Industries Part 3
Mr. Michael John
University of the West Indies
2:46 – 3:00pm Break
3:01 – 4:00pm Social and Environmental Aspects of the Extractive Industries Part 4
Mr. Michael John
University of the West Indies
DAY 3
Saturday 21 February, 2014
8:00 – 9:00am Registration and Breakfast
9:01 – 9:20am Recap of day 2 & Introduction of Foreign Expert
9:21 – 10:45am Social and Environmental Aspects of the Extractive Industries Part 1
Mr. Roberto Pachado
Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (PCUP)
10:46 – 11:00am Break
11:01 – 12:00pm Social and Environmental Aspects of the Extractive Industries Part 2
Mr. Roberto Pachado
Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (PCUP)
12:01 – 1:00pm Lunch
1:01pm – 2:45pm Extractive Industries and Development Part 3
Dr. Roger Hosein
University of the West Indies
2:46 – 3:00pm Break
3:01 – 3:30pm Extractive Industries and Development Part 4
Dr. Roger Hosein
University of the West Indies
3:31 – 4:00pm Recap of Workshop Training session & Closing Remarks
DAY 1
Thursday 20 March, 2014
8:00 – 9:00am Registration and Breakfast
Opening Ceremony
9:00 – 9:07am Introductory Remarks & Safety Briefing
Ms. Rebecca Gookool,
UWI Lecturer & Workshop Coordinator
9:08 – 9: 12am Greetings
Ms. Kristina Svenson,
Senior Operations Officer, Sustainable Energy Department, World Bank
9:13 – 9:22am Recap of First Session – February 20 – 22, 2014
Ms. Ashley McFarlene
Department of Economics, UWI St Augustine
9:23 –10:45am Extractive Industries Legislation and Contracts Part 1
Mr. Andrew Jupiter
University of the West Indies
10:46 – 11:00am Break
11:01 – 12noon Extractive Industries Legislation and Contracts Part 2
Mr. Andrew Jupiter
University of the West Indies
12:01 – 1:00pm Lunch
1:01 – 2:45pm Extractive Industries Use and Distribution of Revenues Part 1
Dr. Roger Hosein
University of the West Indies
2:46 – 3:00pm Break
3:01 – 4:00pm Extractive Industries Use and Distribution of Revenues Part 2
Dr. Roger Hosein
University of the West Indies
DAY 2
Friday 21 March, 2014
8:00 – 9:00am Registration and Breakfast
9:01 – 9:20am Recap of Day 1 & Introduction of Foreign Expert
9:21 –10:45am Extractive Industries Use and Distribution of Revenues Part 3
Mrs. Claudia Viale
Revenue Watch Institute
10:46 – 11:00am Break
11:01 – 12noon Extractive Industries Use and Distribution of Revenues Part 4
Mrs. Claudia Viale
Revenue Watch Institute
12:01 – 1:00pm Lunch
1:10 – 2:45pm Transparency and Advocacy in Extractive Industries Part 1
Mr. Carlos Monge
Revenue Watch Institute
2:46 – 3:00pm Break
3:01 – 4:00pm Transparency and Advocacy in Extractive Industries Part 2
Mr. Carlos Monge
Revenue Watch Institute
DAY 3
Saturday 22 March, 2014
8:00 – 9:00am Registration and Breakfast
9:01 – 9:20am Recap of day 2 & Introduction of Foreign Expert
9:21 – 10:45am Transparency and Advocacy in Extractive Industries Part 3
Mr. Victor Hart,
Chair, TTEITI Steering Committee
10:46 – 11:00am Break
11:01 – 12:00pm Transparency and Advocacy in Extractive Industries Part 4
Mr. Victor Hart,
Chair, TTEITI Steering Committee
12:01 – 1:00pm Lunch
1:01pm – 2:45pm Extractive Industries Legislation and Contracts Part 3
Mr. Carlos Monge and Mrs. Claudia Viale
Revenue Watch Institute
2:46 – 3:00pm Break
3:01 – 3:30pm Extractive Industries Legislation and Contracts Part 4
Mr. Carlos Monge and Mrs. Claudia Viale
Revenue Watch Institute
3:31 – 4:00pm Recap of Workshop Training session & Closing Remarks
EITI MOU
ICE BREAKER ACTIVITY FOR SESSION OPENING ON 20TH FEBRUARY 2014:
HUMAN BINGO
HUMAN BINGO
As soon as you get nine signatures (from nine different individuals), shout BINGO!
I have eaten jerk chicken…
in Jamaica.
I can wine. I know the name of the oil
company which operates
Block 22 in Tobago.
I know the name of the
institution which was
converted into the UWI St.
Augustine campus in 1960.
I have engaged in TTEITI
advocacy.
I have played ‘mas’ in
Trinidad Carnival.
I can explain the term
‘resource curse’.
I can name the three
countries which border
Suriname.
I have a Guyanese passport.
SCANNED SIGN IN SHEETS
GUESTLIST / ATTENDING CIVIL SOCIETY STAKEHOLDERS
Organization First Name Surname Town Email Telephone
1 Caribbean Youth Environment Network Daryll Grifith Port of Spain daryllgriffith@gmail.com
2 Constitution Reform Forum Frances- Ann Craig-Ali Chaguanas francesannc@yahoo.com 795-0706
3 Constitution Reform Forum Denyssa David San Juan denyssa.david@gmail.com 335- 6218
4
Council of Presidents of the Environment
(C.O.P.E.)
Louis Guy Maraval cfca.ngo.tt@gmail.com 472- 3958
5
Council of Presidents of the Environment
(C.O.P.E.)
Patricia Mc Gaw Port of Spain pmcgaw@gmail.com 753- 5177
6 Environment Tobago Bertrand Beharry Tobago betrand@bikharry.net
370- 8778
7
Family Support Foundation Joanne Brereton Moruga Road
via Barrackpore j1brereton1@yahoo.com 359- 3282
8
Family Support Foundation Joan Saunders Moruga Road
via Barrackpore fsfoundation1@gmail.com
725- 0422
9 Ministry of Energy and Energy Affairs Anita Hankey Port of Spain ahankey@enrgy.gov.tt 623- 6708
10 Ministry of Energy and Energy Affairs Usef Aziz Port of Spain uaziz@energy.gov.tt 623- 6708
11 Ministry of Energy and Energy Affairs Arlene Lawrence
12 Ministry of Energy and Energy Affairs Saelese Haynes
13 Oilfield Workers Trade Union Ozzi Warwick San Fernando owarwick07@gmail.com
497-4923
14 Oilfield Workers Trade Union Rosa-Mae Whittier San Fernando rosa_in_cuba@yahoo.com
768-8161
15 SouthWest LED Ernesto Kesar San Fernando kesar_e@yahoo.com
719-8521
16 SouthWest LED Sharon Bradshaw sharon_bradshaw@hotmail.com 792-6506
17 St. Mary's Community Council Kesta Stoute Moruga kestastoute@gmail.com 294-6373
18 The Black Deer Foundation Arvolon Wilson-Smith Mayaro arvnolle6@hotmail.com 383- 1055
19 The Black Deer Foundation Claudia Ramsaroop Mayaro arvnolle6@hotmail.com
383- 1055
20 The Cropper Foundation Mark Thomas Laventille
mthomas@thecropperfoundation.org 626-2564
21 The Cropper Foundation Omar Mohammed Laventille omohammed@thecropperfoundation.org
367-5751
22 The North Coast Empowerment Project Nikeisha Felix-Lewis La Fillette cmckcook@tstt.net.tt 316- 1599
23 The Rose Foundation Marcia Belgrove St. James rosefond.belgrove@gmail.com 721-8163
24 The Rose Foundation Sterling Belgrove Port of Spain rosefond.belgrove@gmail.com 628-2557
The Rose Foundation Anisa Oliviel anisa_oliviel@yahoo.co.uk. 487-4219
25 Tobago Movement for Development and Kenneth Biscombe Tobago kennytt@hotmail.com
Democracy
26 Tobago Youth Council Wayne James Tobago waynekj@hotmail.com 736- 7808
27 Toco Foundation Lisa- Marie Thomas Toco lmnat@hotmail.com 736- 5256
28 TTEITI Secretariat Shahad Ali Port of Spain shahadali18@gmail.com 350-8425
29
Trinidad and Tobago Chamber of Industry and
Commerce
Melanie Richards Port of Spain
melaniejrichards@gmail.com 680-5560
30
Trinidad and Tobago Chamber of Industry and
Commerce
Rupert Mends Maracas
mends@tstt.net.tt
684-9800
31 Guyana Diamond and Gold Miners Association Dabria Marcus Guyana dabria_m@yahoo.com
32 Private Sector Commission, Guyana Ramesh Dookhoo Guyana ramesh_dookhoo@yahoo.com
33
Ministry of Natural Resources and
Environment, Guyana Kara Duff- Yehudah Guyana bgossai@nre.gov.gy; kara_duff@hotmail.com
34 Transparency Institute Guyana Incorporated Calvin Bernard Guyana calvin.bernard@uog.edu.gy
35 Ministry of Energy of Jamaica Ronald Edwards Jamaica barryed2008@hotmail.com
36 Projekta, Suriname Rayah Bhattachariji Suriname rayahb@yahoo.com
37 PUCP Fernando Patzy Peru fpatzy@revenuewatch.org
38 PUCP Armando Mendoza Peru flavio.figalo@gmail.com
39 PUCP Roberto Machado Peru flavio.figalo@gmail.com
TTEITI Secretariat Denicia Greaves Port of Spain ddgst22@gmail.com 794-4053
BUDGET
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