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Thermal Testing Instruments
CEAST - HDT & VICAT
2
HDT/VICAT TESTING
Why?
Thermal Testing on Plastics
To characterize the material at
high temperatures
HDT Test Vicat Test
3
HDT/VICAT TESTING
Vicat standards HDT standards
ISO 306, ASTM D 1525 and equivalent ISO 75, ASTM D 648, DIN 53461 and equivalent
Vicat softening temperature (VST)
The Vicat softening temperature is the temperature at which a
standard indenter penetrates 1mm into the surface of a plastic
test specimen, under a constant load, when the temperature is
raised at a uniform rate.
A distinction is drawn between:
Method A = 10 N load,
Method B = 50 N load,
and rates of increase in temperature from 50°C/h or 120 °C/h
Heat deflection temperature (HDT)
The temperature at which a sample subject to a three
point bending under load occurs a specified deflection,
while the temperature is raised at uniform rate (120 °C/h)
A distinction is drawn between three different methods:
HDT Method A: Flexural stress s = 1.8 N/mm² = const.,
HDT Method B: Flexural stress s = 0.45 N/mm² = const.,
HDT Method C: Flexural stress s = 8.0 N/mm² = const.,
4
WHAT IS HDT TEST?
• HDT = HEAT DEFLECTION TEMPERATURE
TEMPERATURE OF DEFLECTION UNDER LOAD
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WHAT ARE THE HDT TEST STANDARDS?
ISO 75-1 (plus -2 and -3)
ASTM D648
• Geometry + span between support: 64mm-100/101,6 mm
• Stress (1,8 – 0,45 – 8 MPa) (1,82 – 0,455)
• Temperature ramp (120°C/h) (120 °C/h)
• Deflection (function of thickness) (0,25 mm)
Flatwise Position
Edgewise Position
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HDT TEST RESULTS
Typical graph from a test: deformation vs temperature (or time).
7
WHAT IS THE VICAT TEST?
• VICAT = Temperature at which a thermoplastic starts to soften quickly
A VICAT test station
8
WHAT ARE THE VICAT TEST STANDARDS?
ISO 306
ASTM D1525
• Geometry penetration of 1 mm
• Force (10N for method A or 50N for method B)
• Temperature rate (50°C/h or 120°C/h)
• Geometry of the indenter (1 mm2) – circular cross section
• Results always refer to A50 or B50 or A120 or B120
9
VICAT TEST RESULTS
Typical graph from a test: deformation vs time (or temperature).
10
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HDT AND VICAT
HDT Station
VICAT Station
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HDT-3 & HDT-6 : test station
One station for both HDT and
Vicat :
• only the head is changed to
switch from HDT to Vicat (pieces 12 & 13)
• the station is calibrated in
house and thermal compensation
due to station thermal expansion
is already taken into account (all CEAST test stations are having
thermal expansion correction)
12
HDT AND VICAT INSTRUMENTS
Traditional oil systems
HDT 3 Vicat HDT 6 Vicat
HDT Vicat Auto and Autoplus
13
Why should we cool the unit ?
At the end of the test, we need to cool down the oil
bath to be able to restart another test
• either we cool down using tap water circulation
• or we connect to a chiller (faster and saving water)
14
Limits of traditional systems
• Temperature limitations (< 300 C)
Not safe at high temperature (fire hazard, pollution, …)
Variation of homogeneity depending on grades
Can not be used for testing the new families of materials (PEEK,
PEI, highly reinforced grades, tailored nanocomposites, ecc…)
• Oil needs to be handled and replaced
Physical properties are different after a high number of cycles
Environment-unfriendly (1 kg is able to cover a water surface of
1000 m2)
15
HDT AND VICAT INSTRUMENTS
THE EVOLUTION – NO OIL
Traditional Apparatus:
Silicone oil bath
Aluminium oxide
fluidised bed
(HDT & Vicat)
up to 300 °C
up to 500 °C
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HDT AND VICAT INSTRUMENTS
THE EVOLUTION – NO OIL
HDT Vicat 500 ALOXIDE
HDT/Vicat Machine
17
THE HDT VICAT ALOXIDE
3 stations
Fluidized bed method (pending ISO 75 & 306)
Automatic weights applying
Up to 500°C
Aluminium
oxide powder
SAFE : NO OIL
EVAPORATION !
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HDT VICAT ALOXIDE - TEST RESULTS
19
VISUALTHERM SOFTWARE
• Visualization of test results on Test Execution window
20
VISUALTHERM SOFTWARE
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Maximum Test End Temperature Expected?
Heating media oil (≤ 300°C) Heating media non-oil (≥ 300°C)
Vicat acc. ISO 306,
ASTM D 1525, DIN 53460,
BSI 2782, MET 120 C,
NT T 51-021, UNE 53118
HDT acc. ISO 75,
ASTM D 648, DIN 53461,
BSI 2782, MET 121 C,
NT T 51-005, UNE 53075
Vicat acc. ISO 306,
ASTM D 1525, DIN 53460,
BSI 2782, MET 120 C,
NT T 51-021, UNE 53118
HDT acc. ISO 75,
ASTM D 648, DIN 53461,
BSI 2782, MET 121 C,
NT T 51-005, UNE 53075
HDT 500 Vicat
7310.000
HDT 3 Vicat
6911.000
HDT 6 Vicat
6921.000
HDT Vicat Auto
6970.000
HDT Vicat Auto plus
6971.000
How to choose the instrument model?
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How to choose the instrument model?
Maximum Test End Temperature Expected?
Heating media oil (≤ 300°C) Heating media non-oil (≥ 300°C)
HDT 3 Vicat 6911.000
Vicat acc. ISO 306,
ASTM D 1525, DIN 53460,
BSI 2782, MET 120 C,
NT T 51-021, UNE 53118
HDT Vicat Auto
6970.000
HDT 6 Vicat 6921.000
HDT Vicat Auto plus
6971.000
HDT acc. ISO 75,
ASTM D 648, DIN 53461,
BSI 2782, MET 121 C,
NT T 51-005, UNE 53075
HDT Vicat 500 Alox 7310.000
Vicat acc. ISO 306,
ASTM D 1525, DIN 53460,
BSI 2782, MET 120 C,
NT T 51-021, UNE 53118
HDT acc. ISO 75,
ASTM D 648, DIN 53461,
BSI 2782, MET 121 C,
NT T 51-005, UNE 53075
HDT 3 Vicat 6911.000
HDT Vicat Auto
6970.000
HDT 6 Vicat 6921.000
HDT Vicat Auto plus
6971.000
HDT Vicat 500 Alox 7310.000
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How to configure HDT 3 Vicat & HDT 6 Vicat?
HDT 6 Vicat (6921.000)
Vicat 3 stations
with LVDT and PT100
included
HDT 3 stations
with LVDT and PT100
included
HDT 3 Vicat (6911.000)
Option for 60 Hz
6911.016 Option for 60 Hz
6911.016
3 x Vicat testing heads
6505.077
3 x HDT testing heads
6505.078
3 x Certificate HDT
testing heads
0080.002
3 x Certificate for Vicat
testing heads
0080.001
1 x head positioning
tool
6505.218
3 x set of binary
weights
6921.900
3 x set of 2 Vicat
standard weights
6921.100
3 x Certificate for
binary weights
0080.005
3 x Certificate for
Vicat weights
0080.006
Vicat 6 stations
with LVDT and PT100
included
HDT 6 stations
with LVDT and PT100
included
Option for 60 Hz
6911.016 Option for 60 Hz
6911.016
6 x Vicat testing heads
6505.077
6 x HDT testing heads
6505.078
6 x Certificate HDT
testing heads
0080.002
6 x Certificate for Vicat
testing heads
0080.001
1 x head positioning
tool
6505.218
6 x set of binary
weights
6921.900
6 x set of 2 Vicat
standard weights
6921.100
6 x Certificate for
binary weights
0080.005
6 x Certificate for
Vicat weights
0080.006
3 Number of test stations 6
Silicone Oil (20 kg vessel)
High temperature 210H 100cs (Working range 130 – 280°C; max. 280°C) 0800.920
Medium-high temperature 100cs (Working range 130 – 200°C; max. 200°C) 0800.413
Medium-low temperature 50cs (Working range up to 150°C; max. 180°C) 0800.418
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How to configure HDT Vicat Auto & Auto Plus?
HDT Vicat Auto plus (6971.000)
Vicat 6 stations
with LVDT and PT100
included
HDT 6 stations
with LVDT and PT100
included
HDT Vicat Auto (6970.000)
Option for 60 Hz
6921.016 Option for 60 Hz
6921.016
6 x Vicat testing heads
6505.077
6 x HDT testing heads
6505.078
6 x Certificate HDT
testing heads
0080.002
6 x Certificate for Vicat
testing heads
0080.001
1 x head positioning
tool
6660.174
6 x set of binary
weights
6860.450
6 x set of 2 Vicat
standard weights
6860.019
6 x Certificate for
binary weights
0080.010
3 x Certificate for
Vicat weights
0080.011
Silicone Oil (20 kg vessel)
High temperature 210H 100cs (Working range 130 – 280°C; max. 280°C) 0800.920
Medium-high temperature 100cs (Working range 130 – 200°C; max. 200°C) 0800.413
Medium-low temperature 50cs (Working range up to 150°C; max. 180°C) 0800.418
Vicat 6 stations
with LVDT and PT100
included
HDT 6 stations
with LVDT and PT100
included
Option for 60 Hz
6921.016 Option for 60 Hz
6921.016
6 x Vicat testing heads
6505.077
6 x HDT testing heads
6505.078
6 x Certificate HDT
testing heads
0080.002
6 x Certificate for Vicat
testing heads
0080.001
1 x head positioning
tool
6860.174
6 x set of binary
weights
6860.450
6 x set of 2 Vicat
standard weights
6860.019
6 x Certificate for
binary weights
0080.010
6 x Certificate for
Vicat weights
0080.011
Automatic command of Nitrogen inlet
NO YES
25
How to configure HDT/Vicat Aloxide
Vicat 3 stations
with LVDT and PT100
included
HDT 3 stations
with LVDT and PT100
included
HDT 500 Vicat 7310.000
Option for 60 Hz
6911.016 Option for 60 Hz
6911.016
3 x Vicat testing heads
6505.077
3 x HDT testing heads
6505.078
3 x Certificate HDT
testing heads
0080.002
3 x Certificate for Vicat
testing heads
0080.001
1 x head positioning
tool
7310.010
3 x set of binary
weights
6860.450
3 x set of 2 Vicat
standard weights
6860.019
3 x Certificate for
binary weights
0080.010
3 x Certificate for
Vicat weights
0080.011
Special heating sand (16 kg)
0600.211
Configuration of HDT Vicat 500 Alox
26
THANK YOU
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