things to do…

Things to do…

1) Update Table of Contents (TOC)

2) Grab pages on the zebra table!

3) Open up to page 12

4) GET ORGANIZED!!! NOW!!!

Make a layered foldable like this…

SUBSTANCE MIXTURE

ELEM

ENT

COM

POU

ND

HO

MO

MIX

HET

ERO

MIX

Fold

Fold

Open

What is Chemistry?• Chemistry: study of matter and how it changes• Matter: anything with mass that takes up space Everything is made of matter. Mass: amount of matter something has Volume: amount of space an object occupies Density: amount of mass per unit of volume in an object (how much stuff did you cram in the box)

There are 2 types of matter

Matter

Pure Substance Mixture

Pure Substance

• Matter that has a uniform and definite composition (this means the same is exactly the same from one side to the other)

• Definite melting/boiling points• A substance is either an element

or a compound

Element: simplest form of matter.• cannot be separated into simpler substances• made of ATOMS• building blocks of all other substance• can be found on the periodic table• chemical symbol: 1 – 2 letter(s) representing

the element

Carbon C Gold Au Hydrogen H

uniform

TO DO!

• Get out page 11 & 12 ASAP!

• Take a dry erase marker and a plastic sheet on your desk and classify those changes as P or C. You may NOT work with your neighbor. Do this FAST!

While I am teaching…

Compound: Substance containing 2+ elements that are CHEMICALLY combined in a fixed ratio.

• properties are DIFFERENT from the the elements it is made from

• CAN be separated into simpler substances by chemical means (chemical reaction needed!) i.e. YOU can’t separate water but a reaction called hydrolysis can!

• Has a chemical formula: shorthand method of writing composition of compounds

Sugar or Sucrose (C12H22O11)

12 carbon atoms22 hydrogen atoms11 oxygen atomsRATIO

H2O

Compounds• Elements that make up the compound look

NOTHING like the final compound. Take a look…

Sodium (Na) + Chlorine (Cl) Sodium Chloride

reaction

Mixture: physical blend of two or more substances (no rxn, just dumped)• Variable composition

Mixtures!

Types of Mixtures:

Homogeneous mixture - uniform composition (looks the same!)

• also called a solution• components (parts) are NOT readily

distinguished - well blended but not chemically combined

(means you can’t see them easily!)

Examples: Kool-Aid, HCl (aq), salt water

Homogeneous Mixtures!

“same”

“different”

Heterogeneous mixture: not uniform in composition (can pick them apart easily)

• components are readily distinguished (which means you CAN see them!)• Not blended well• Separates sometimes due to gravity• Examples: trail mix, sand, this class!

Matter Concept Map – hurry! Can NOT be

physically separatedCAN be physically

separated

Can NOT be broken down into simpler

substances

CAN be broken down into simpler substances

- Unif ormly Mixed- Components NOT easily distinguished

-Not Unif ormly Mixed- Components easily

distinguished

Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples:

Mixture Separation a) Physical properties can be used to separate mixtures

b) Physical Properties(i) Size - filter(ii) magnetism(iii) color(iv) distillation: Separate a mixture of liquids based on a difference in boiling points (v) chromatography: separates dyes/pigments(vi) crystallization (evaporation)

How would you separate a mixture of Kool-Aid and ice into its 3 components?

Types of Separation! Which is which??

GAME DAY THURSDAY!!! 9/11

1. Update table of contents2. Get binder organized3. Put “BUY SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR” on your

weekend to-do list!!! Paper towels too!4. An unknown chemical has a variable melting

point, looks uniform throughout and can be separated physically. What type of chemical is this? Write this at the bottom of p. 14. Don’t share your answer with your neighbor!

Can NOT be physically separated

CAN be physically separated

Can NOT be broken down into simpler

substances

CAN be broken down into simpler substances

- Unif ormly Mixed- Components NOT easily distinguished

-Not Unif ormly Mixed- Components easily

distinguished

Examples: Examples: Examples: Examples:

• Get out your page 14 homework

Let’s check it!

Soda Bottles

Get out a piece of notebook paperLetter Chemical Name Substance or Mix? Element, Compound,

Homo Mix or Hetero Mix

ABCDEFGHIJKL

Check yourself!!!Letter Chemical Name Substance or

Mix?Element, Compound, Homo Mix or Hetero Mix

A copper sulfate in water Mixture Homo mix

B Zinc Substance Element

C Hydrogen peroxide, H2O2 Substance Compound

D Sugar water Mixture Homo mix

E Cheerios Mixture Homo mix

F Copper chloride Substance Compound

G Soil Mixture Hetero mix

H Potassium Permanganate (aqueous) Substance Homo mix

I Fruity pebbles Mixture Hetero mix

J Calcium Substance Element

K Copper sulfate Substance Compound

L Copper Substance Element

Nuts & Bolts

NUTSBOLTS

WASHERS

2 NBW

4 N, 4 B

Identity:

ElementCompoundMix of EMix of CMix of C + E

Nuts & Bolts answers

Or 3 NB compound

Are you with me???

Start studying elements