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• Patient surveys
• MORI Poll
• Focus groups
• Questionnaire for pathologists
Perceptions of pathologyPerceptions of pathology
• “It’s the morbid side. How lovely!”
• “I’m a doctor and I don’t want to deal with people so I’ll deal with dead people.”
• “It’s quite lonely. You’re left in the morgue with dead bodies.”
Focus group comments Focus group comments
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death diagnosis blood crime disease genetics cancer infection
perc
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What does a pathologist do?
MORI Poll 2005 MORI Poll 2005
Histopathology
Cytopathology
Dermatopathology
Forensic Pathology
Neuropathology
Oral Pathology
Paediatric Pathology
18 different specialties18 different specialties
Neuropathology
Histopathology
Cytopathology
Dermatopathology
Forensic Pathology
Haematology
Neuropathology
Oral Pathology
Paediatric Pathology
Transfusion Medicine
18 different specialties18 different specialties
Neuropathology
Histopathology
Cytopathology
Dermatopathology
Forensic Pathology
Haematology
Medical Microbiology
Neuropathology
Oral Pathology
Paediatric Pathology
Transfusion Medicine
Virology
18 different specialties18 different specialties
Neuropathology
Histopathology
Clinical Biochemistry
Cytopathology
Dermatopathology
Forensic Pathology
Haematology
Medical Microbiology
Neuropathology
Oral Pathology
Paediatric Pathology
Toxicology
Transfusion Medicine
Virology
18 different specialties18 different specialties
Neuropathology
Histopathology
Clinical Biochemistry
Cytopathology
Dermatopathology
Forensic Pathology
Genetics
Haematology
Histocompatibility & Immunogenetics
ImmunologyMedical Microbiology
Neuropathology
Oral Pathology
Paediatric Pathology
Toxicology
Transfusion Medicine
Virology
18 different specialties18 different specialties
Neuropathology
Histopathology
Clinical Biochemistry
Clinical EmbryologyCytopathology
Dermatopathology
Forensic Pathology
Genetics
Haematology
Histocompatibility & Immunogenetics
ImmunologyMedical Microbiology
Neuropathology
Oral Pathology
Paediatric Pathology
Toxicology
Transfusion Medicine
Virology
18 different specialties18 different specialties
Neuropathology
Histopathology
Clinical Biochemistry
Clinical EmbryologyCytopathology
Dermatopathology
Forensic Pathology
Genetics
Haematology
Histocompatibility & Immunogenetics
ImmunologyMedical Microbiology
Neuropathology
Oral Pathology
Paediatric Pathology
Toxicology
Transfusion Medicine
Veterinary Pathology
Virology
18 different specialties18 different specialties
Neuropathology
• “It’s more of a science. They don’t want to deal with people, they want to deal with causes.”
• “You have your consultant there. You never actually see the pathologist.”
• “It would be nice if pathologists were involved in patient care but I’ve never seen one.”
Focus group comments Focus group comments
• Many pathologists work with patients in clinics or on the wards
• Even lab-based pathologists usually spend some time with patients, for example explaining test results
• The vast majority of all pathologists’ work is done for the benefit of living patients
Pathology facts Pathology facts
• “It’s a boring job. All you’re doing is testing stuff in a lab all day.”
• “It’s just putting things in a machine and reading the results, you don’t have to think about it”
• “You do the same thing all day, every day”
Focus group comments Focus group comments
• Pathologists are members of multi-disciplinary teams and work with others to care for patients
• Pathologists rarely work in isolation
• Pathology is varied and interesting with many of the more repetitive jobs now done by machines
Pathology facts Pathology facts
• Almost all cancers are diagnosed by pathologists
• Diagnoses may be made by testing blood, urine or other fluids or from a biopsy
• Pathologists tell other doctors what type of cancer you’ve got and how far it has spread so they know what treatment to offer
Pathology facts Pathology facts
• The majority of people who work in pathology are not doctors
• There are opportunities for scientists as well as support staff
• There are nearly 20,000 scientists working in the specialty
Pathology facts Pathology facts
• Medical school
• Foundation training
• Pathology training
• Research
• Minimum = 12 years
Pathologist training Pathologist training
Clinical Scientist training Clinical Scientist training
• Science degree
• Postgraduate degree
• Basic training
• Specialist training
• Minimum = 10 years
Biomedical Scientist training Biomedical Scientist training
• Science degree
• Basic training
• Or
• Straight from A levels
• “Learn and earn”
• Continuing education
• Minimum = 5 years
Other opportunities Other opportunities
• Cytoscreener
• Lab assistant
• Administration
• IT
• Trials co-ordinator
• Many medical schools no longer have a separate undergraduate pathology course
• 70% of diagnoses in the NHS involve pathology
• Medical student essay prize
Pathology facts Pathology facts
PLASTICSURGERY
SURGERY
ENT ONCOLOGY
GYNAECOLOGY
RHEUMATOLOGY
EMERGENCYMEDICINE
PAEDIATRICS
MEDICINE
ORTHOPAEDICS DERMATOLOGY
GENERALPRACTICE
UROLOGY
PATHOLOGY
• 500 million biochemistry tests• 130 million haematology tests• 50 million microbiology tests• 13 million histology slides• 4 million cytology slides
• = 14 tests for every person in the country each year
Pathology facts Pathology facts
• “It’s interesting how they find out what diseases are and work out a cure.”
• “It’s clever and varied, you unravel the puzzle.”
• “It made pathologists seem more interesting.”
• “The path report is essential to any diagnosis or treatment.”
• “Pathology is using science to be helpful and useful.”
Focus group comments Focus group comments
• Prostate cancer
• Bowel cancer screening
• Infections
• Blood tests
Pathology for lifePathology for life
• Pathologists work for the benefit of the living• There are 18 different pathology specialties• Many pathologists work with patients• Pathologists are team players• Pathology is an interesting and exciting
career• Pathologists diagnose cancer• You don’t have to be a doctor to work in
pathology• Pathology is a popular specialty• A knowledge of pathology is essential for all
doctors
Pathology facts Pathology facts
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