thyroid hormones and their interactions with immune system in birds
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Thyroid Hormones and Their Interactions with
Immune System in Birds
Jianan(Jane)LIU2008-3-3
Objectives
• What are thyroid hormones in birds?
• How do they work?
• What are the effects of thyroid hormones in birds?
• What are the interactions between thyroid hormones and the immune system in birds?
Thyroid Hormones in Birds
Thyroid Hormones
Triiodothyronine
Functionally Active ?
T3Thyroxine
Quantitatively Predominant
T4
Deiodination
O 2CH CH COOH
2NH
HO
I I
I
Thyroxine (T4)
Triiodothyronine (T3)
O 2CH CH COOH
2NH
HO
I I
I
How do they work in birds?
Initiation & Activation
Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid (HPT) Axis
Hypothalamus
Anterior Pituitary
Thyroid Gland
Plasma
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
Thyrotropin (TSH)
T3 & T4
Feedback
Thyroid Hormone Activation
TR=T3 Receptor
RXR=Retinoid X Receptor
TRE=Thyroid Hormone Response Element
Co?=Co-activator(s) or Co-repressor(s)
Cytoplasm
T3
T3
T3
Nucleus
TRE
TR RXR
Co?
Changing in expression
DNA
What roles do they play in birds?
ThyroidHormones
Multiplicity of Thyroid Hormone Action
ThyroidHormones
Multiplicity of Thyroid Hormone Action
Metabolism( Thermoregulation )
Multiplicity of Thyroid Hormone Action
Metabolism( Thermoregulation )
ThyroidHormones
Development(Growth+Maturation)
Development(Growth+Maturation)
Metabolism( Thermoregulation )
ThyroidHormones
Multiplicity of Thyroid Hormone Action
ReproductionBehavior
Immunity
Development(Growth+Maturation)
Metabolism( Thermoregulation )
BehaviorReproduction
ThyroidHormones
Multiplicity of Thyroid Hormone Action
Immune-Thyroid Networks
Studies on Thyroid Hormone & Immune System
Model Organis
msEffects Literature
Zebra FishThymus developmentLymphopoiesis
S.H.Lam et al. (2005)
FrogsMetamorphic-based changes in immune function
Fort et al.(2007)
Birds Suppression in humoral immunity
Bourgeon and Ralot (2007)
MiceLymphocyte proliferative response
Silberman et al. (2002)
Thyroid Hormone & Immune System
Leukocyte
(Cytokine)TSH Thyroid Gland
(T3 & T4)
Immune
SystemHPT Axis
Producing Feedback
stimulatingCytokine-like
Regulating
Summary
• Thyroid homes Thyroxine(T4)
Triiodothyronine (T3)
• Initiation and Activation HPT axis Thyroid hormone receptor (TR) Thyroid hormone response element(TRE)
• Multiplicity in birds’ lives
• Immune-thyroid interactions
Thank You
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