title = fascism what do you think are the most important characteristics of fascism? don’t use...

• Title = Fascism• What do you

think are the most important characteristics of Fascism?

• Don’t use your notes!!!!

• Chronicle Adolf Hitler’s story and his rise to power

• Analyze the problems that existed in Germany that allowed Hitler to rise to power

• After Kaiser Wilhelm II flees (to Holland) & the 2nd Reich falls, Germany goes back to…– 1918 = Weimar

Republic– elected President

in 1925

• Political?– Democratic Gov is

weak and split!• Conservatives vs

Socialists– What about

Hindenberg?• Social?

– Anger in Germany…why?

– Scapegoats?

Gallon of Milk

Inflation

• an increase in the amount of money that is being circulated in a country or marketplace

• It happens when more bills/notes are being printed by the treasury of a country.

• Germany needs to pay a lot of $$$....why?

• Weimar Republic’s Solution = print out more and more money…– 1914

• $1 = 4.2 marks

– November 1, 1923• $1 = 130 billion marks

– November 30, 1923• $1 = 4.2 trillion marks

• Mr. B in Germany… before the inflation…– I earned $50K a

year– I have $20K

saved in a bank savings account

• What will happen to me and many people like me in Germany?

Effects of the Inflation

What does remind you of?

• $$ Stacks = • Who is

blamed!?!?• Inflation

problem is eventually fixed…but what damage is done?

• Unemployment gets VERY HIGH– 1932 (worst year) = 40%

• Production only at 50%• Feelings in Society?

– No faith in…• Where do people look for solution?

– Youth join gangs– Door is open for who?

• Is 1932 a big year?

• 1889-1945• Abusive Father, Alois

– Dies in 1903 (AH is 14)• Loved his mother

Klara deeply• Inferiority complex

– Partly Jewish? • Flunked Secondary

School

• 1905-1907, Hitler frequently visits Vienna

• Klara dies from breast cancer in 1907

• Hitler = Vienna drifter from 1908-1913– Age 19-24– “In this period, there

took shape within me a world picture and a philosophy which became the granite foundation of all my acts.”

– But how?

• Hitler preferred landscapes and architectural paintings and drawings

• Rejected twice from Academy of Fine Arts Vienna from 1907-1908

• Psychology behind the art?

• What if???

• Catholic monk, German Nationalist, Austrian Mayor, Composer Richard Wagner

• Ideas he picked up1. Racism…especially Anti-

Semitism that went beyond religion...

2. Extreme German nationalism. Germans should all unite in one state. How to use propaganda and terror to build nationalism.

3. German Aryan Race should rule the world

4. Struggle and the need to dominate

• Hitler’s thoughts on the arrival of the war?–Loved War

• Wounded in WWI as dispatch runner–Won Iron Cross

• Effects of surviving WWI?–Invincible

• Impact on Hitler?–Bitter at German

loss in 1919–Who does he

blame?

• Joins National Socialist German Workers’ Party– Most important

words?–AKA Nazi Party

• Party grows in power with Hitler as leader

b. Hitler’s police?

• AKA– Brown-

shirts – SA– Storm-

troopers

• Para-military Group– Like a

police force

• Attacked Socialists, Commies and Jews

• • Helped Hitler

rise to power in the late 20s and early 30s

SA’s purpose?

• Nov 8, 1923• Goal?

– Overthrow the Weimar Republic

• Outcome – March on Munich fails…– Hitler given 5 year

prison sentence for High Treason• gets off easy • Looks good in his

defense…

• In jail, AH writes…

• “My Struggle”• Writes in prison

about his goals and beliefs

• Hitler is a “changed” man

• Same ideas he adopted in Vienna– Racism…Anti-

Semitism– Extreme nationalism

–Unite Germans

– Aryan Race– Struggle for

domination

• Blonde Hair – Blue Eyes• Master Race of Germans that

should rule Europe• Eugenics – study or belief of

improving genetics of humans by encouraging the reproduction of certain genetic traits and discouraging negative traits

• Who has negative traits?– Non-Aryans– Jews = the enemy of Aryans

• Totally different race!!!– Slavs…(ha)

• Reunite German People…• Aryans will defeat inferior

races…• Expand Germans’ Lebensraum…

• Germany would be led by strong leader…– Fuhrer

• Hitler would start a 1000-Year Reich– Would take 1000 years to

accomplish his goal

• Where are the German People?

• What will AH have to do?

• Hitler takes over party again

• Nazi Party status =– Germany’s economy is

prospering– Good times for

Germany = Bad times for Extremism

• How will the Nazi’s get power this time? – Which class of people?

• Why is the Depression of 1929 = – Think horseshoe

• Nazi Party rebuilds… 1928-1932…how?– Lots of men under 30

do the dirty work…(?)• SA• Recruiting and

campaigning…

• Party tries to win seats in Reichstag (Parliament)

Date % of Reichstag

Background Status of the Nazis?

May 1924 6.5 Hitler in Prison

Dec 1924 3.0 Hitler out of Prison

May 1928 2.6 Hitler running the Nazis for

years now

Sept 1930 18.3 Germany’s Depression starts!!

July 1932 37.4 Hitler comes in 2nd place for

President to Hindenburg

Nov 1932 33.1 No confidence vote by Nazis

called months earlier

March 1933 43.9

How should the NazisInterpret this chart?

• What happened to Senator Palpatine when the Senate showed weakness?

a. From 1928-1932, the Weimar Republic is WEAK!!– Elite want Hitler

appointed Chancellor

– They thought he would be their…

• President Hindenburg thinks Germany needs man of action

• Middle and Lower class want a change too

• What did the elite think?

• Franz von Papen steps down to Vice Chancellor

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=syI_B8a5IV4&feature=related

• Chancellor Palpatine gains Total Power from the Senate in Star Wars because of a Civil War he created!!

• In Jan 1933, Hitler does not have Total Power!!– Commies in his way…– Hitler needs to suck more

power from the Reichstag just like Palpatine did

• Feb 27, 1933• Who did it?

– Nazis• Who is blamed?

– Communist Party• Hitler gets

Hindenburg to pass…

• What does Hitler hope can now be accomplished?

Date % of Reichstag

Background Status of the Nazis?

May 1924 6.5 Hitler in Prison

Dec 1924 3.0 Hitler out of Prison

May 1928 2.6 Hitler running the Nazis for

years now

Sept 1930 18.3 Germany’s Depression starts!!

July 1932 37.4 Hitler comes in 2nd place for

President to Hindenburg

Nov 1932 33.1 No confidence vote by Nazis

called months earlier

March 1933 43.9 Reichstag Fire!!!!

Communists get blamed

• Hindenburg lets Hitler suspend all civil rights– habeas corpus

• March 1933 Election…– Communist Party is

suppressed

• Reichstag votes to let cabinet run legislative business

• Nazi party (Hitler) now controls cabinet

• Eliminates opposing parties

• Close to one-party dictatorship

• One person stands in the way…

• The Senate will vote to make Palpatine Emperor for stability!!!!– “So that’s how

democracy dies…with thunderous applause”

• Hitler will accomplish the same thing!!

• June 30, 1934, Hitler “kills” 2 birds with one stone Ernst Rohm killed and the SA

will soon be “shut down” Wehrmacht no longer a

threat to Hitler

Step 4

• Hitler announces no election for President• Cabinet passes law making Hitler Führer und

Reichskanzler, or Leader and Chancellor• Hitler now has Total Control