todays lesson demonstrate understanding of the term thermal capacity describe an experiment to...
Post on 11-Dec-2015
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Today’s lesson
• Demonstrate understanding of the term thermal capacity
• Describe an experiment to measure the specific heat capacity of a substance
• Recall and use the equation:
Energy = mass x specific heat capacity x change in temperature
Imagine if……..
Two beakers containing different amounts of water were heated by identical heaters for an equal amount of time.
Imagine if……..
Two beakers, one containing water and one containing kerosene (equal masses) were heated by identical heaters for an equal amount of time.
Since the amount of heat energy supplied is the same to both substances, it seems that different substances require different amounts of heat energy to cause the same temperature rise.
Why are thermal capacities different?
• When a substance is heated, its internal energy increases (potential and kinetic). The stronger the force between the particles in the substance, the more heat energy goes into potential energy (and less into kinetic), so the temperature rise is less than in substances with little force between particles. Obviously the more particles there are too, the more heat energy can be absorbed.
Specific heat capacity
Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of a substance by 1°C
Specific heat capacity of water = 4186 J/kg/°C
Specific heat capacity of kerosene = 2010 J/kg/°C
Specific heat capacity of mercury = 140 J/kg/°C
Calculations using S.H.C.
Energy absorbed = Mass x Specific Heat capacity x Temp rise
E = mcΔT
J kg
J/kg/°C °C
For example
0.5 kg of olive oil is heated until its temperature rises by 120 K. If the specific heat capacity of olive oil is 1970 J/kg/°C, how much heat energy was used?
Energy absorbed = Mass x Specific Heat capacity x Temp rise
Energy absorbed = 0.5 x 1970 x 120
Energy absorbed = 118200 J
An analogy: Water and wetness
“This analogy is one of my ideas!”
Richard Feynmann – Nobel prize winning Physicist, lock-picker and bongo
player
Two towels – same size/mass
• You can add the same amount of water (heat), but the cheaper towel will be “wetter” (temperature). They have different capacities for absorbing water
Investigation time!
Let’s do an experiment to measure specific heat capacities
solid block
immersion heaterthermometer
Measuring SHCs
• Energy put IN to metal = voltage x current x time• Energy = mass x specific heat capacity x temp rise
voltage x current x time = mass x specific heat capacity x temp rise
Specific heat capacity = (voltage x current x time)/(mass x temp rise)
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