toxocara canis
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TOXOCARA CANIS
Austin Keys
TAXONOMY Phylum: Nematoda Class: Secernentea Order: Ascaridida Family: Toxocaridae Genus: Toxocara Species: Toxocara canis
Common Name: Dog Roundworm
http://animal.discovery.com/videos/monsters-inside-me-toxocara-parasite.html
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION
Worldwide where Dogs are found
MORPHOLOGY Adult
Female: 6.5-15 cmMale: 4-6 cm longThree lipsProminent cervical alae
EggBrownish color and
almost spherical (85µm x 75µm)
HOSTS Definitive: Dogs
Paratenic & Accidental: Humans and other usually small mammals
SYMPTOMS In dogs usually asymptomatic
In puppies Noisey breathing Vomiting Diarrhea Pot belly
May cause death in heavy infections
In Humans usually asymptomatic Abdominal pain Decreased apetite Fever Hives Restlessness Various other symptoms depend on what organ the larvae
infect
OCULAR LARVAE MIGRATIONS (OLM)
Caused by larvae that have migrated to the retina of the eye InflammationFormation of scarsDetachment of retinaPartial to full vision loss
VISCERAL LARVAE MIGRATIONS(VLM)
Caused from Larvae wondering throughout various organs of the body (brain, lungs, liver(most common) , heart,muscle)Depend on organ that is infected
Fever Pulmonary symptoms Hepatospleenmegaly Eosinophilia Asthma
DIAGNOSIS Dogs
Assume all puppies are infected Check for eggs in multiple stool samples
(because eggs are not shed at all times) Humans
ELISA – identifies certain antibodies in the blood Can distinguish between A. lumbricoides & T.
canisClinical signsHistory of exposure to puppies
VLM & OLM TREATMENTAntiparasitc drugs
o Albendazole (drug of choice)o Mebendacoleo usually with Anti-inflammatory
OLM no known treatment Steroids have been used but are unsure if it is
effective or not
PREVENTION Make sure to treat your dogs, more
important, regularly for worms Wear gloves when working with possible
contaminated soil Do not allow children to ingest or play in
possibly contaminated soil
WORKS CITED http://
www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx/html/frames/s-z/toxocariasis/body_Toxocariasis_page2.htm
http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/Charlo-28141-Toxocara-canis-Introduction-Background-Information-Morphology-Eggs-continued-Life-Cycle-Pathogenesis-as-Entertainment-ppt-powerpoint/
Roberts, L. et all. Foundations of Parasitology(, 7th ed.
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/999850-overview
course1.winona.edu/kbates/Parasitology/documents/Toxocara.pp
http://cms.revoptom.com/handbook/oct02_sec5_4.htm
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