trade union act 1926 (1)
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Presented by-
Ruhi Dadarkar
Geetanjali Bangera
Vishakha kasekarSheetal Samant
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What is trade union?
Trade Union is an association of workers formedto protect the interest of workers.
Indian Trade Union act, 1926 defined TradeUnion as, Any combination, whether temporaryor permanent , formed primarily for the purposeof regulating the relation between workmen andemployee or between workmen and workmen,between employers and employers or for
imposing restrictive conditions on the conduct ofany trade or business, and includes any federationof two or more trade unions .
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Evolution
Trade union movement in India
may be traced back to 1890, when
Shri N.M.Lokhande organised in
mumbai The Bomboy Mill Hands
Association organised tradeunion
The decision of the madras high
court in the Buckingham and
carnatic Mills case focused publicattention to the necessity of giving
legal recognition to worker right.
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On the initiative of Shri N.M.Joshi thelegislative assembly adopted a resolutionon 1stMarch 1921 to take steps tointroduce legislative for the registration
of trade union and protection of bonafidetrade union activities
The Central Government ,afterconsulting Provincial Governmentsintroduce it in the assembly on 31st
August ,1925 It was passed on 25thMarch 1926 and
indian trade union act 1926 was broughtinto foece on 1stjune 1927
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Central organisations of workers in
India
The Indian National Trade UnionCongress (INTUC)
The All India Trade Union
Congress (AITUC). The Hind Mazdoor Sabha (HMS)
The United Trade Union Congress(UTUC)
Centre for Indian Trade Unions(CITU).
Bhartiya Mazdoor Sangh (BMS)
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Registration Process
Appointment
of Registrars.
Mode of
registration
Application
for
registration
Provisions to
be contained
in the rules
of a Trade
Union
Power to call
for further
particulars
and to
require
alterations
of names
RegistrationCertificate of
registration
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Functions
Broadly speaking, trade unions perform two
types of functions
Funtions
Militant
functions
Fraternal
functions
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Militant Functions
One set of activities performed by trade unions leads to
the betterment of the position of their members in relation
to their employment.
The aim of such activities is to ensure adequate wages,
secure better conditions of work and employment, get
better treatment from employers, etc
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Fraternal Functions
Another set of activities performed bytrade unions aims at rendering help to itsmembers in times of need, and improvingtheir efficiency
Trade unions try to foster a spirit ofcooperation and promote friendlyrelations and diffuse education and cultureamong their members
e.g., school for the education of children,
library, reading-rooms, in-door and out-door games, and other recreational
facilities.
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Other functions are
Social Functions:Some unions have now startedundertaking and organising welfare activities and also
providing variety of services to their members and sometimesto the community of which they are a part.
Political functions:These functions include affiliating theunion with a political party, helping the political party in
enrolling members, collecting donations, seeking the help of
political parties during the periods of strikes and lockouts.
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Why people join trade union?
Greater Bargaining Power
- One individual employee possessesvery less bargaining power
- But Union is Strength
Make their Voices Heard
- collective voices of workers is heardby the management
Minimise Discrimination
- Trade Union compel themanagement to formulate personnel
policies that press for equality oftreatment to the workers
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Sense of Security
- Secure adequate protection from various types of hazards
- compel the management to invest in welfare services for workers
Sense of Participation- employee can participate in management
- they can also be part of decision making by collective bargaining
Sense of Belongingness
- members of trade union gain respect in the eyes of other workers
- They can also discuss their problems with the trade union leader
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Weakness of trade union
Uneven Growth
- Trade unions are popular in bigindustries
- concentration of trade unions in
some states because ofconcentration of industries inthose states
Limited Membership
- any seven workers can make
trade union- rivalry among the leaders of
trade unions
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Multiplicity of Unions
- causes inter-union rivalry
- workers lose interest in unionism
Outside Leadership
- they satisfy their political interests- disputes are solved by political intervention
Financial Problems
- low and adequate income
- subscription fees are kept less so that more workers can join
Indifferent Attitude of Workers
- large no. of workers do not join the union
- attendance at general meeting is also less
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Remedies
One Union in One Industry
- multiplicity of union leads to inter-union rivalry
- it also weakens collective bargaining
Paid Union Officials- payment will motivate the officials to do full justice to the task
Development of Leadership from Within
- no outside leadership
- leader should be appointed within the workers
Recognition of Trade Unions
- employers refused recognition to the trade unions
- on the basis of minority of employees
- or two or more union exists
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