transport
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Transport - Transport - Movement of materials through the cell membrane.
Cells are bathed in a liquid. This makes it easier for materials such as food, oxygen, and water to move into and out of the cell.
Model of the cell membrane
Model of the cell membrane
Transport - Transport - Movement of materials
through the cell membrane.
Transport - Transport - Movement of materials through the cell membrane.
There are several ways in which materials enter and leave the cell.
•Diffusion
•Osmosis
•Facilitated diffusion
•Active transport
Transport - Transport - Movement of materials through the cell membrane.
Three types are passive transport, meaning they require no energy.
•Diffusion
•Osmosis
•Facilitated diffusion
•Active transport
Transport - Transport - Movement of materials through the cell membrane.
Active transport requires energy to be expended by the cell!
•Diffusion
•Osmosis
•Facilitated diffusion
•Active transport
Transport - Transport - diffusion
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport
Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration.
Transport - Transport - diffusion
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport
Molecules move from high to low
Transport - Transport - diffusion
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport
door
Examples
Transport - Transport - diffusion
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport
Examples
You spray some perfume and 30 seconds later it can be smelled down the hall
Transport - Transport - osmosis
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport
Osmosis is the diffusion of water from areas of high
water concentration to areas of low water concentration across a membrane.
Transport - Transport - osmosis
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport
osmosisosmosis
Watch this animation of water molecules moving across a selectively permeable membrane. Water molecules are the small blue shapes, and the solute is the green.
The solute is more concentrated on the right side to start with, which causes molecules to move across the membrane toward the left until equilibrium is reached.
osmosisosmosis
A membrane that allows some things through is “selectively permeable”, Certain solutes like salt and sugar are too large to fit through the cell membrane.
Water will move in the direction where there is a high concentration of solute (and therefore a lower concentration of water.)
The Rule of the DayThe Rule of the Day
a
No, really. If you sprinkle salt on something, the water appear to be “sucked” from the cells. Actually, the salt lowers the concentration of water, and the water moves from high to low.
Transport - Transport - osmosis
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport
Osmosis can cause serious problems for a cell. Because the cytoplasm is filled with salts, sugars, protein, and other molecules, there is usually a net movement of water into a cell surrounded by fresh water. This can cause them to over inflate like a balloon!
Transport - Transport - osmosis
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport An injection of distilled water into the
blood stream can often be fatal. Why?
Transport – Transport – facilitated diffusion
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport
•“Carrier proteins” embedded in the cell membrane, help transport materials from one side to another.
•Glucose is a one important substance transported this way
Transport – Transport – facilitated diffusion
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport
What is happening at 1, 2, and 3?
Transport – Transport – active transport
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport
A cell expends energy to send molecules the wrong way! From areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration.
Transport – Transport – active transport
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport
Normally H+ would flow into the cell. ATP (energy) is used to make it flow “backwards”
Transport – Transport – endocytosis
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport
Endocytosis: The intake of large particles through the pocketing of the cell membrane and formation of a vacuole
Requires Energy
2 Types of Endocytosis2 Types of Endocytosis(reverse is exocytosis)(reverse is exocytosis)
Pinocytosis
Intake of water through an endocytic vesile.
Phagocytosis
Intake of food through a endocytic vesicle
Lets Play. Lets Play. Name that Form of Name that Form of
Transport!Transport!
#1 A plant is wilting and you #1 A plant is wilting and you water it. The process by which water it. The process by which the water passes through the the water passes through the
plant's cell membranes to plant's cell membranes to enter the cell is…enter the cell is…
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Active transport
A plant is wilting and you water A plant is wilting and you water it. The process by which the it. The process by which the
water passes through the water passes through the plant's cell membranes to plant's cell membranes to
enter the cell is…enter the cell is…
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Active transport
#2 Which of the following #2 Which of the following require energy?require energy?
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Active transport
Which of the following require Which of the following require energy?energy?
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Active transport
#3 Would include water only#3 Would include water only
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Active transport
Would include water onlyWould include water only
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Active transport
#4 The process by which a #4 The process by which a white blood cell engulfs a white blood cell engulfs a
bacterium isbacterium is
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Active transport
The process by which white The process by which white blood cell engulfs a bacterium blood cell engulfs a bacterium
isis
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Active transport
The process by which a white The process by which a white blood cell engulfs a bacterium blood cell engulfs a bacterium
isis
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Active transport
Food coloring is poured in a Food coloring is poured in a glass of water. After 15 glass of water. After 15
minutes it is evenly spread minutes it is evenly spread throughout the glassthroughout the glass
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Active transport
Food coloring is poured in a Food coloring is poured in a glass of water. After 15 glass of water. After 15
minutes it is evenly spread minutes it is evenly spread throughout the glassthroughout the glass
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Active transport
Student HandoutsStudent Handouts
•Transport problems sheet
•Osmosis lab
Transport Problem Sheet Name____________________________
DI RECTI ONS: read each problem and analyze the sketch representing it. Each problem is worth 3 points. 1 Draw a picture of the problem
2. I ndicate where the concentration by using < and > symbols 3. Place an arrow to show the correct direction of movement of materials. 4. Label each problem, on the line provided, as an example of diff usion, osmosis, or active transport.
1. I n preparing lunch, radishes are salted and placed in a baggie. One experiences limp radishes the next day and notices a defi nite amount of water in the baggie
1. _______________________
2. Blood arrives at the lungs depleted of oxygen that is released to the body’s cells. The blood picks up a new, f resh oxygen supply at the lungs 2. _______________________
3. I n a normal, non-diabetic person, sugar is fi ltered out of the blood into the kidneys. But it is almost EXCLUSIVELY RETURND to the blood from the kidneys using energy. 3._______________________ __
4. Many one-celled animals f ace a survival problem in f resh water. Water is constantly entering the animals. 4. _________________________
Osmosis lab #1 Purpose:
1. To demonstrate the role of the cell membrane in diff usion and osmosis using a dialysis membrane
2. To demonstrate the semipermeability of the cell membrane Procedures:
1. Soak the dialysis membrane in water f or 30 seconds. 2. Gently open the bag twist the end and tie tightly with string. 3. Place approximately 6 droppers f ull of starch solution into the dialysis bag 4. Carefully twist and tie at the other end. 5. Fill your beaker with 100 ml of water and add 6 ml I odine (60 drops). 6. Note the colors in the membrane and in the beaker. 7. Place the bag into the I odine solution in the beaker. 8. Af ter 10 minutes note and record the colors inside and outside of the bag
Data: Table #1 Color Changes
Before Placing bag in I odine
Af ter Placing in I odine
Color of Starch inside cell
Color of I odine and water outside cell
Table #2 Color Change Explanation
Starch Molecules I odine Molecules
Direction of Movement of Materials
Comparison of Pore size in plastic bag to:
Conclusions: 1. 2.
http://ccollege.hccs.cc.tx.us/instru/Biology/AllStudyPages/Diffusion_Osmosis/Elodeagif.swf
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